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Rubicon River

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By crossing this river, Caesar showed that he was willing to disobey the direct order of the Senate.

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Battle of Gaugamela

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At this battle, the Greeks under Alexander the Great were able to break the center of the Persian line and turn the battle.

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Enuma Elish

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The Babylonian creation epic was

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Catallus

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This Roman writer is most closely associated with the development of a new poetry at the end of the Roman Republic.

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polyglot

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The type of society developed by the Assyrians

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signs of decline were apparent by the late third century BC

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Descriptions of the Hellenistic civilization.

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Pontifex Maximus

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the head of the Roman religious observances.

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He was perceived as a divine instrument of order and harmony

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According to Egyptian theology, the Pharaoh derived his authority from what

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Chavet

answer

The cave in southern France, discovered in 1994, that contains three hundred paintings of animals.

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"Sea Peoples"

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Who drove the Egyptians out of Palestine and back to their original frontiers in the 13th Century BC?

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English use of peasant soldiers and the longbow

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The progress of the Hundred Years' War was characterized by what?

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Agriculture

answer

What the economy of ancient Egypt relied most heavily on

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Epicureanism

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The philosophical school that stressed happiness through freeing oneself from a political life.

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Polybius

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The surviving works of this Greek historian demonstrate his following of Thucydides in seeking rational motives for historical events.

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Algebra, astronomy, and medicine

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Muslim scholars were well known in the west for their contributions in what area?

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Architecture and painting

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The Roman's most noticeable innovations in art and culture.

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Persian empire

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Alexander the Great invaded this empire with an army of 37,000 including 5,000 cavalry.

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Darius

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Under which ruler did the Persian Empire reach its largest territorial boundaries?

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Herculaneum

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The two Roman cities that were destroyed by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD

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chaos and civil war as rival noble factions fought for control of the realm

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Politically, France by the end of the 14th Century was what?

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Naram-Sin

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The Akkadian ruler who claimed to be divine and had a temple built for him

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Pericles

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During this period, the Athenians became deeply attached to their democratic system.

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Children sold into slavery by their parents, prisoners of war, and people whose parents wre slaves

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The major sources of slaves in the Hellenistic world.

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Cato

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The Roman Senator who led the movement for the complete destruction of Carthage

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the wealthy who could afford preservations of the body

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In ancient Egypt, the Osiris cult was reserved for who?

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Equites

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The class of Romans who were wealthy and ambitious and appeared in the late Republic.

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India

answer

Alexander the Great's troops rebelled when he made the decision to invade and capture what area

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Hittites

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This group played an important part role in the history of the Middle East because they transmitted Mesopotamian culture to the west, especially to the Mycenaean Greeks.

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German, Latin, Greek

answer

Main Indo-European languages

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Inflation

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The importation of silver from the New World to Spain resulted in what?

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False

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Whether or not the Roman Empire turned towards an absolute monarchy, with the Senate overshadowing the princeps, under the rule of Augustus

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A revolt of the Ionian Greek colonies in Asia Minor

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The immediate cause of the Persian War

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Aurelian

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The Roman Emperor who reconquered and reestablished order in the east and along the Danube in the late Third Century.

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The polis evolved into the central institution in Greek life

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True statements about Greece from the 8th Century BC.

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mathematical

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Rene Descartes believed that the world could be understood by the same principles inherent in what type of thinking?

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ale

answer

The most common drink of medieval peasants in northern Europe.

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France

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Due to its many cathedral schools, the intellectual support of Europe by the 12th Century was which country?

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purgatory

answer

The Catholic Church taught that this was a place where the soul was purified through punishment before admission to heaven.

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not kings' hoarding over wealth and taxation of their subjects

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What the weakening of the Phoenician Empire was attributed to.

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William of Occam

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The 15th Century theologian who claimed that reason could not prove spiritual truth

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Persia

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The most tolerant and efficient of the Near Eastern empires.

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Socrates

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"The unexamined life is not worth living" is the cornerstone of which philosophy?

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an incessant struggle between Louis the German, Charles the Bald and their heirs over disputed territories

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What the division of Europe into three kingdoms after the death of Louis the Pious led to.

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Sparta's fear of the power of Athens and its maritime empire

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The chief cause of the Peloponnesian War.

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Euripides

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The Greek dramatist who was a realist and known for his portrayal of realistic characters.

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The formation of the Corthinthian league, the establishment of Macedonian garrisons throughout Greece, Greek cooperation with Macedonia for a future war against Persia

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The results of the Battle of Chaeronea.

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ephors

answer

To balance the power of kings and the Council of Elders, Spartan political reformers created this

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arete

answer

For the ancient Greeks, this term described the striving for excellence.

question

universe

answer

Early Greek philosophers attempted to explain this on the basis of unifying principles

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Ptolemaic

answer

The Hellenistic dynasty that lasted the longest.

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Jesuits

answer

The most important religious order in the Catholic Reformation.

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Orders

answer

The Struggle of the _____________ was a peaceful struggle which resulted in political compromise

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Improvements in harbors, a money economy, the development of major trade routes

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The factors that aided improvements and trade in the Hellenistic world.

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In a "concord of the orders', was a "new man" of the equestrian order, advocated a balanced government of monarchy, aristocracy, and democracy

answer

Ciceros' beliefs

question

communes

answer

To protect their interests against nobles, townspeople often formed what?

question

compurgation and ordeal

answer

Guilt under Germanic customary law was determined by what?

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Seljuks

answer

The Islamic world in the mid-11th Century was largely unified and dominated by what?

question

creation of an imperial cult

answer

Augustus' most important actions in the area of Roman religion.

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Vespasian

answer

The first of the Flavian emperors

question

bread

answer

The staple food of the Carolingian diet

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Kingdom of Naples

answer

The most backward and reactionary state in Italy during the Renaissance

question

Pepin

answer

The first Frankish king to be anointed in a holy ceremony by an agent of the pope

question

Desidrius Erasmus

answer

The religious reformer who "laid the egg that Luther hatched."

question

Italy

answer

The area that assumed a leading role in the revival of trade in the Early Middle Ages.

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Scandinavia

answer

The area that most readily accepted Martin Luther's ideas

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Leo I

answer

The pope who supposedly caused Attila and the Huns to turn away from Rome.

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Basques

answer

Charlemagne's most disappointing military campaign.

question

plain of Latium

answer

Where Rome was established in the first millennium BC.

question

the Dutch Republic

answer

The European country that took over the spice trade from Portugal

question

Stimulating manufacturing, concentrated some industries in certain areas, was secondary in importance to agriculture

answer

The impact of trade and commerce in the Early Roman Empire

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Write Confessions, use pagan culture in the service of Christianity, uphold the ideal of celibacy as a means to holiness

answer

Augustine's accomplishments.

question

Mathematical and naturalistic skills of Renaissance artists, the Hermetic belief in magic and alchemy, the humanists' rediscovery of Greek mathematics and thinkers

answer

Influences and causes of the Scientific Revolution.

question

The Normans defeated the Anglo-Saxons, each army numbered about 7,000 wariors, and William defeated Harold

answer

Facts surrounding the Battle of Hastings

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Brunelleschi

answer

The major practitioner of the new architecture of the Renaissance as exemplified by the dome of the Cathedral of Florence and the city's Church of San Lorenzo

question

Italy

answer

The country where the Black Death was most devastating.

question

revival of commerce

answer

The growing independence of medieval urban areas was largely attributed to what?

question

Irish church organization, giving Irish abbots more power than bishops

answer

The greatest differences between Irish Christianity and Roman Christianity.

question

Iconoclasm or the destruction of icons

answer

What the controversy of 730 that set the Latin and Greek Orthodox Christians apart was about.

question

Catherine of Sienna

answer

The most influential female religious mystics of the 14th Century.

question

Strongly opposed by Luther who saw it as a social revolution from below against Germany

answer

Details surrounding the Peasants' War of 1524 to 1525.

question

Ottoman Turks

answer

What finally destroyed the Byzantine Empire in 1453.

question

Hagia Sophia, Hippodrome, Royal Palace

answer

The great buildings in the city of Constantinople

question

Ottoman Empire

answer

Vienna was seriously threatened by this area in 1529 and 1683.

question

the end of the world is imminent

answer

What followers of Millenarianism believe

question

the birth of a Catholic son

answer

The incident that prompted English nobles to depose James II.

question

king's needs to collet new taxes

answer

What Parliament in England originally rose from.

question

India

answer

When Vasco da Gama reached this, he announced that he was searching for "Christians and spices."

question

Concordat of Worms

answer

By this Concordat in 1122, the papacy and German kings resolved the investiture controversy by giving royal and papal officials equal roles in the creation of new bishops.

question

smallpox

answer

The major European disease that resulted in high rates of mortality among the natives of New World.

question

Qing

answer

The Chinese dynasty which replaced the Ming in the 17th Century and which came from Manchuria

question

Isabella d'Este

answer

The most famous of Italian ruling women.

question

experiment in areas of perspective

answer

What Italian artists in the 15th Century began to do.

question

Gave Britian the right to transport slaves to Spanish Latin America

answer

What were Asciento?

question

Economic necessity of life involving complicated family negotiations

answer

Description of marriage in Renaissance Italy.

question

China and Japan

answer

The nations or continent that was least affected by European power and influence before the 19th Century.

question

inertia

answer

Galileo's idea on motion included the principle of what?

question

Austria

answer

Which area asserted the most influence on Italy by the 18th Century?

question

médiéval chanson de gaste

answer

What The Song of Roland is one of the finest example of.

question

Both regions failed to develop a centralized monarchial state

answer

Why, politically, Italy and Germany were similar in the fourteenth century.

question

The mastery of engineering and mechanics

answer

Liberal education during the Renaissance included what?

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