HE 101 Final – Flashcards
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alchohol based hand sanitizers
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will not cause antibiotic resistance
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arielle ha adopted a dog from the animal shelter. it is important that her dog be vaccinated against contracting and transmitting this infection
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rabies
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all of the following are examples of direct transmission of a disease except
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touching a shopping cat handle after an infected individual coughed on it then rubbed your eyes
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the bodies first line of defense against pathogens includes
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mucous membrane
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if a person is infectious but has no symptoms, they are considered a
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carrier
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the cells responsible for producing antibodies are called _______ cells.
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B
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cells called ____ survey our bodies and gobble up bacteria and wounded and dead cells
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macrophages
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recall jessica's story. she takes all of the following precautions to avoid an infection except
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living at home instead of on campus
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checking your body for ______ after a hike in the woods is the best way to prevent Lyme disease
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ticks
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malaria is typically transmitted through the bites of infected
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mosquitoes
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all of the following regarding HSV2 are true except
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individuals with HSV1 develop an immunity to HSV 2
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the role of antibodies is to
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mark the invader for destruction
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nonspecific immunity involves all of the following except
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T cells
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Lymphocytes are a type of
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antigen
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inflammation is classified as a
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nonspecific immune response
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The success of vaccines relies on which type of immune cell?
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memory B cells
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all of the following are correct about vaccines except
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they can cause autism
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the incidence of the allergies has increased in recent years due to all of the following except
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increased exposure to microbes
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allergies are due to
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the release of histamine by mast cells
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anaphylaxis is a
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drop of blood pressure and constriction of airways due to an allergic response
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colds can't be treated with antibiotics because
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antibiotics don't kill viruses
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all of the following are correct about influenza except
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flu cannot lead to pneumonia
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which statement is incorrect about vaccines
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they can multiply outside a host
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which disease causes the lymph nodes and tonsils to become enlarged
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mononucleosis
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rhinoviruses typically cause
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colds
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when many people suddenly acquire a disease throughout the world it is called
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pandemic
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the 2009 H1N1 flu virus started in which animal
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pigs
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the epstein-barr virus causes
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mononucleosis
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meningitis is an infection of the meninges. the meanings are the thin membranes that
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surround the spinal cord and brain
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which part of hepatitis is the primary reason for liver transplants in the US?
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Hepatitis C
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all of the following are correct about hepatitis A except
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it is transmitted by animals
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all of the following are correct about bacteria except
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most types of bacteria harmful
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the two most common types of bacteria that cause meningitis are neisseria meningitides and
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Streptococcus pneumoniae
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staph may cause all of the following except
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cancer
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in 1980, more than 800 people developed toxic shock syndrome, and 38 died. This outbreak is linked to
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the use of a highly absorbent tampon
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jenets mom has an infection caused by MRSA. All of the following are correct about MRSA except
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it is treatable with a variety of antibiotics
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physicians generally prescribe antibiotics to treat strep throat, because if left untreated, it can lead to
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rheumatic fever
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john just came back from a camping trip and noticed a bull's-eye-shaped skin rash on his arm. Which disease does John probably have?
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lyme disease
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Lyme disease
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can last for years if untreated
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all of the following are correct about tuberculosis except
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a ten-day course of medication is the recommended treatment
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candida albicans
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can cause an infection after taking antibiotics
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which is not a type of fungus
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helmiths
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which of the following is not considered an emerging disease
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rabies
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the only way to avoid getting west nile is to avoid
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mosquito bites
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a tapeworm is an example of a __________ infection
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helmith
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which is correct about sexually transmitted infections
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there are more than 300 different causes
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all of the following groups of people are disproportionately infected with HIV in the US except
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immigrants
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the effects of HIV are most damaging to which body system
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immune system
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the continent with the highest incidence of HIV/AIDS is
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africa
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HIV can be transmitted in all the following ways except through
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sharing a cup
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mother-to-child transmission of HIV can occur in all of the following ways except
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kissing the baby
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Hepatitis B is most commonly spread through
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unprotected sex
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all of the following are true about herpes except
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you can spread the virus to someone else only when you have visible blisters
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which sexually transmitted infection can cause cancer?
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Human papillomavirus
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all of the following are true about herpes except
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condoms prevent the spread of herpes
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The gardisil vaccine is recommended to prevent
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human papillomavirus
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a possible outcome of pelvic inflammatory disease is
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infertility
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all of the following may raise a women risk of contracting PID except
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having a pelvic exam
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a chancre is associated with which disease
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syphilis
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small tumor-like growths called gummas may appear when which disease goes untreated for years?
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syphilis
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the main symptom of scabies is
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itching
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painful urination, a greenish yellow discharge, and itching are symptoms of
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trichomoniasis
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all of the following statements describe chronic disease except
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it can easily spread from one person to another
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what portion of deaths in the US every year are caused by cardiovascular disease
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more than two thirds
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amanda smokes a half pack of cigarettes........
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all of the answer are correct
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amanda engages in several health risk behaviors, including smoking..............
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smoking
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as of 2011, incidence of this chronic diseased more than doubled tripled over the previous 31 years
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diabetes
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Fred is a 60 year old males who is obese............
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type 2
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diabetes is associated with the following complications except
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increased nerve sensitivity caused by hypoglycemia
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If Davis has high blood pressure, high glucose, and low levels of cholesterol......
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metabolic syndrome
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which ethnic group has the lowest risk of developing type 2 diabetes
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caucasians
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cancer that involves cells of the immune system is known as
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lymphomas
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cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of adult mortality in the US, causing more than
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3 in 10 deaths
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de-oxygenated blood enters the heart via the
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right atrium
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blood travels back to the heart via the
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veins
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the type of cardiovascular disease responsibility for the most deaths in the US
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coronary heart disease
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which of the following factors may damage the inner innings of the arteries
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all of the answers are correct
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Hardened and ruptured artery plaque may result in
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a clot in the artery that can cause a sudden heart attack or stroke
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which of the following factors contributes to healthy blood pressure?
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having arteries that stretch and recoil
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Jorge has a blood pressure reading 120/80. This classifies him as having
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prehypertension
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depending on severity, coronary heart disease can cause all of the following except
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high cholesterol
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which of the following is the most dangerous form of an arrhythmia?
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ventricular fibrillation
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which of the following was found to be the most common risk for congestive heart failure?
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hypertension
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the TIA is a milder form of
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stroke
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it is important for ariana to take all her prescribed antibiotics for strep throat so that it doesn't lead to
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rheumatic heart disease
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which of the following is characteristic of type 1 diabetes only?
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a virus may be involved in its development
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what effect do stain type drugs have
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they lower blood cholesterol levels
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all of the following are found in arterial plaque except
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c-reactive protein
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all of the following behaviors can reduce a person's risk for cardiovascular disease except
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keeping LDL cholesterol levels high
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all of the following are inherent looks to CVD except
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being asian american
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which hormone appears to have a protective effect against heart disease?
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estrogen
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which of the following ethnicities is at greatest risk of dying from cancer?
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african americans
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the challenges our bodies face in defending cells against mutations include all of the following except
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the body's defenses become inactive in response to the carcinogen
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when cancer metastasizes it
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spreads to another area of the body
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the genetic link that is associated with risk for cancer can be attributed to
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a weaker version of a protective gene passed through the family blood line
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hormone levels strongly influence this type of cancer in women
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breast
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all of the following strategies for lowering cancer risk will also lower a person's risk for cardiovascular disease except
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checking for the presence of radon in the home
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if a women tests positive for HPV, she may be at increased risk for this form of cancer
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cervical
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all of the following are ways doctors look for signs of cancer except
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changes in hair growth patterns
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which type of cancer is most often associated with exposure to the sun
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carcinoma
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exposure to radon puts a person at risk for which type of cancer
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lung
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which of the following screenings should a female with a family history of reproductive cancer and skin cancer have?
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all of the answers are correct
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julie has light skin that burns easily. Which of the following......
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wearing sunscreen, a hat, and protective clothing when she is outside
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which of the following is the deadliest form of skin cancer
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malignant melanoma
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risk factors for lung cancer include all of the following except
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a family history of allergies and asthma
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aside from lung cancer, smoking also increases a persons risk of which of the following cancers?
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all of the following are correct
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all of the following statements regarding lung cancer are true except
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lung cancer is very easy to detect in its early stages
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all of the following increases a persons risk for colon cancer except
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having a diet that is high in fiber
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all of the following statements regarding pancreatic cancer are true except
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standard screening guideline call for yearly checkups
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testicular cancer primarily affects males in which age range?
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20-39
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all of the following are risk factors for both ovarian cancer and breast cancer except
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mutations in BRCA 2 and BRCA 2 genes
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which treatment for cancer offers the greatest chances for cure?
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all these are equally beneficial treatments
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A high level of C-reactive protein indicates
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increased risk of cancer
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all of the following detention methods rely on imaging technologies except
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biopsy
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which type of diabetes account for 90-95% of all adult diabetes cases?
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type 2
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which blood glucose level indicates pre diabetes?
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100-125 mg/dl
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which of the following may be a symptom of a stroke
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all of the answers are correct
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a procedure to build new pathways for blood to flow around areas of arterial blockage is called
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coronary artery bypass gafting (CABG)
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high levels of homocysteine in the blood are associates with an increased risk of
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stroke and myocardial infarction
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when excess _________ degrade, they can leave cholesterol in the bloodstream that builds up inside of blood vessels.
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low density lipoproteins
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all of the following increase a person's risk of cardiovascular disease except
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blood glucose level of 100 mg/dl
