Globalization and Diversity Ch 2, 8, & 9 – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Unlock answers
question
An estimated 20,000 people died in March 2011 from the combination of an earthquake and a tsunami in coastal ________ PG 47- R
answer
Japan
question
The circum-Pacific zone of activity, from the western Americas (both North and South) to East Asia, is particularly active and is often referred to as the _______________________
answer
Pacific Rim of Fire
question
Upland and mountainous areas are usually wetter than the adjacent lowland areas because of the ________ whereby rising air is cooled and loses its ability to hold moisture as it flows up and over mountains, resulting in rain and snowfall - PG 51 - R and illustration
answer
Orographic effect The dry areas are said to be in the "rain shadow"
question
A standard scheme, called the ________ System, devised in the early 20th century, is used to describe the world's diverse climates. PG 52 - L - illustration
answer
Koppen system
question
What is weather? - PG 51 - R
answer
Weather is short term day to day expressions of atmospheric processes
question
Anthropogenic emissions are caused by
answer
Humans Human- caused pollution in the lower atmosphere is increasing the natural greenhouse effect. Thence, global warming.
question
The U.S. opposed the Kyoto Protocol in part because PG 54 - R
answer
Concerns it would hurt the US economy
question
Which of the following is a fossil fuel?
answer
Oil / petroleum
question
The increase in greenhouse gases during the last 130 years is primarily a result of
answer
Human consumption of fossil fuels
question
What is the major source of carbon dioxide? PG 53 - R
answer
Consumption IE: burning of petroleum and coal
question
What did countries that ratifed the Kyoto Protocol agree to do? PG 54 - R
answer
30 western industrialized countries agreed to reduce their emissions back to 1990 levels by 2012
question
Why are less developed countries (LDCs) reluctant to sign the Kyoto Protocol? PG 54 - R
answer
LDC believed the MDC had caused the global warming problem with centuries of emissions and therefore should be the ones to fix it Believed it would hinder their economic development
question
The natural process of the Earth's atmosphere heating through the trapping of reradiated infrared radiation is known as________________________ PG 49 - L
answer
Greenhouse Effect
question
Water planners use the concept of ________ to map where water problems exist and also to predict where future problems will occur. PG 56 - R
answer
Water Stress
question
Globally, about ________ percent of the world's freshwater usage is for agriculture.- PG 56 - R
answer
70%
question
Currently, about ________ of the world's population lives in areas where water shortages are common - PG 56 - R
answer
Half
question
In Haiti, even before the 2010 earthquake, almost ________ % of all deaths of children under five were directly tied to waterborne diseases - PG 57 - L
answer
20 %
question
An assemblage of local plants, animals, and insects covering a large area such as a tropical rainforest or a grassland is called a - PG 57 - R
answer
Bioregion
question
With what bioregion is the term "steppe" associated? PG 60- R
answer
Desert
question
In the ________ climate regions, where precipitation exceeds 10 inches, a prolonged summer-season drought of three or four months produces a unique array of grasses, shrubs, and trees.
answer
Mediterranean
question
In Canada and Alaska, evergreen, needleleaf forests are called ________ referring to their near arctic location. PG 62 - R
answer
Boreal Forests
question
1) How many countries make up the European Union (EU)? - PG 252 - L
answer
27 countries
question
2) How many countries does Europe contain? - PG 252 - L
answer
42 countries
question
3) What mountain range in Europe is over 500 miles long and has peaks reaching 15,000 feet.- PG 255 - L
answer
Alps - part of the Alpine Mountain System
question
4) In Europe, with what type of feature are the names Rhine, Loire, Thames, Danube, and Elbe associated? - PG 254 - R
answer
Rivers
question
5) What European mountain range forms the political border between Spain and France? - PG 255 - L
answer
Pyrenees - part of the Alpine Mountain System
question
6) Which country of Europe is primarily located on the European Lowland? - PG 254 - R
answer
Netherlands ?
question
7) In which European country would you find fjords? - PG 255 - R
answer
Norway
question
8) Which part of Europe is the region's unquestionable focus of intensive agriculture, large cities, and major industrial activities? - PG 252 - R / 253 L
answer
European Lowlands
question
9) How does the environment of Eastern Europe compare to that of Western Europe? - PG 257 - fig
answer
Eastern is colder (Continental) , polar like - Western is mild or Mediterranean (Oceanic) Eastern Europe is more polluted than Western until recent effort to rectify situation, with help of European Union
question
10) What progress has Europe made toward meeting the requirements of the Kyoto Protocol?
answer
Fell short of 8% reduction --- 1% England and Germany reduced emissions over 10% by cutting coal usage, using more solar power etc.
question
12) What are the current impacts of climate change in Europe? - PG 258 - R
answer
Warmer climates - causing glaciers to melt, snow to decrease, and droughts to become more frequent
question
13) Which country of Europe has the largest population in the region? - PG 263 - figure
answer
Germany
question
14) What is the approximate population of Europe? - PG 262 - figure
answer
About 530 million
question
15) What event has been an important cause of the surge of immigration to European countries such as Germany since the beginning of the 1990s? - PG 265 - L
answer
The collapse of the Soviet Union
question
16) Why have many European countries encouraged immigration of foreign populations into their borders in the recent past? - PG 265 - L
answer
High unemployment, no need to import workers
question
18) Where do most immigrants to France come from? - PG 265 - figure
answer
Africa Former colonies in both northern and Sub-Saharan Africa
question
19) What three historical eras are represented in European city landscapes? - PG 266 - R
answer
Medieval Renaissance - Baroque Industrial
question
20) One of the major characteristics of Europe's population and settlement patterns is its high level of ____________________ -- PG 266 - L
answer
Urbanization
question
21) What countries of Europe comprise the region of Scandinavia?
answer
While the term Scandinavia is commonly used for Denmark, Norway and Sweden, the term the Nordic countries is used unambiguously for Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Iceland, including their associated territories (Greenland, the Faroe Islands, and the Åland Islands).
question
22) Which European Romance language contains many Slavic words? - PG 270 - L
answer
Romanian
question
23) As their first language, 90 percent of Europe's population speak languages from what three groups? - PG 269 figure
answer
Germanic, Romance, and Slavic
question
24) The number of speakers of Romance and Germanic languages in Europe is roughly equal. About how many speakers does each group have in Europe?
answer
170 - 200 million
question
25) What is the second-most widely spoken Germanic language in Europe? - PG 268 - R
answer
English
question
28) What has been an important source of conflict in Northern Ireland? - PG 270 - R
answer
Religion (Catholic v/s Protestant)
question
29) Today, Europe has about ________ million Catholics - PG 272 - L
answer
250 million
question
30) Today, Europe has just under ________ million Protestants - PG 272 - L
answer
100 million
question
31) In what part of Europe is Protestantism the dominant religion? - PG 272 - L
answer
Northern Germany, Scandinavian countries, and England
question
32) Which country of Europe has the region's largest percentage of Muslims? - PG 272 - R
answer
France
question
33) The Ottoman Empire expanded its borders almost to the gates of what European city in the middle of the 16th century? - PG 272 - L
answer
Vienna
question
36) Which non-European country signed an agreement to become Germany's military ally and set the scene for World War II? - PG 274 - R
answer
Japan
question
38) From 1945 until 1990, Europe was divided into two geopolitical and economic blocs, east and west, separated by the infamous - PG 277 - figure
answer
Iron Curtain
question
39) What was the Cold War? - PG 252 - L
answer
Democracy v/s communism --- US and Europe v/s Soviet Union (former) Ideological war over economic systems
question
40) What is the word for an array of nonaligned or friendly states that cushion or protect a larger country from invasion, as happened with the former Soviet Union and its Eastern European neighbors? - PG 277 - L
answer
Buffer Zone
question
42) The term ________ is used to describe the geopolitical processes of small scale independence movements based upon ethnic fault lines. - PG 287 - L
answer
Balkanization
question
43) When did the Industrial Revolution emerge? - PG 280 - R
answer
1730 - England
question
44) What is the currency of the European Monetary Union? - PG 283 - R
answer
Euro
question
45) What kind of organization is the European Union? - PG 283 - L
answer
Initially monetary, then developed to political and security
question
46) Economic cooperation in Western Europe at the end of World War II centered on what commodity (commodities)?
answer
Coal and Steel
question
Description of Medieval landscape
answer
"One of narrow, winding streets, crowded with 3 or 4 story masonry buildings with little set back from street"
question
1) What makes Russia distinctive? - PG 298 - R
answer
Largest land area
question
2) Which geographic area of the Russian Domain dominates the region?
answer
Slavic Russia?
question
4) Which body of water in the Russian Domain is the world's largest reserve of freshwater? -- PG 296 - R
answer
Serbia's Lake Baikal
question
5) Where has the Russian Domain dumped its nuclear wastes? - PG 296 - R
answer
Island of Novaya Zemlya
question
7) What was the distinctive skill for which Cossacks were well-known? - PG 295 - figure
answer
Horsemanship
question
8) What is one of the source of the nuclear threat in the Russian Domain? - PG 296 - R
answer
Soviet Union had aggressive nuclear weapons and energy programs
question
10) What body of water lies to the north of the Russian Domain? - PG 300 - figure
answer
Barents Sea
question
11) The Caucasus Mountains are located between which two bodies of water? - PG 301 -figure
answer
Caspian Sea and Black Sea
question
12) In which region of the Russian Domain is permafrost a problem? - PG 301 - L
answer
Siberia
question
13) Why is development in Siberia limited? - PG 301 - L
answer
It has unstable ground from permafrost
question
15) Which part of the Russian Domain has historically provided the most productive agricultural areas of the region? - PG 301 - R
answer
Ukraine
question
16) What is the approximate population of the Russian Domain? - PG 303 - L
answer
200 million
question
17) What is the primary reason why European Russia has a higher population than Asian Russia?
answer
European Russia is better suited for agriculture?
question
18) The highest population densities in the Russian Domain are found in which part of the region?-- PG 303 - L
answer
European Russia Western-most
question
19) What Russian city was known as Leningrad during the Soviet era?
answer
St. Petersburg
question
21) The architecture of St. Petersburg, Russia, is similar to that of which other part of the world?-- PG 303 - R
answer
Western Europe
question
22) What are mikrorayons? - PG 307 - R
answer
Large Soviet-era housing projects of the 1970's-80s
question
23) Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, what has become of the policy of Russification within former Soviet republics? - PG 306 - R
answer
The policy of settling Russians into non-Russian portions of the Soviet Union has been reversed - with countries posting strict citizenship requirements
question
24) In what region of the Russian Domain was the Soviet Union's Gulag Achipelago located?
answer
Siberia
question
25) What was the purpose of Russification (the Soviet policy of resettling Russians into non-Russian portions of the former USSR)? - PG 306 - L
answer
In order to increase Russian dominance in the outlying areas of the country
question
28) What has been the pattern of population growth in the Russian Domain since the demise of the USSR? - PG 307 - R
answer
Declining populations, low birth rates, high mortality
question
29) What language group dominates in the Russian Domain? - PG 311 - figure
answer
Slavic Russian
question
30) The Russian Empire had its origins as a small principality in the vicinity of which Russian city?
answer
Moscow?
question
31) Who were the Cossacks of the Russian Domain? - PG 309- R
answer
Warriors Slavic speaking Christians who had migrated ot the region earlier seeking freedom from the ungoverned steppes
question
32) Who were the original founders of Russia? - PG 309 - L
answer
Slavic people: Southward moving warriors from Sweden known as Varangians or Rus
question
36) Where were most of Russia's major territorial gains in the nineteenth century? - PG 309 - R
answer
Central Asia
question
37) What was the policy of the former Soviet Union (USSR) regarding religion within its borders?-- PG 310 - R
answer
Discouraged and persecuted
question
40) Which two countries were the primary rivals in the Cold War?
answer
United States and the Soviet Union
question
41) Who was the main architect of the Soviet Union? - PG 312 - R
answer
Lenin
question
42) Glasnost (define and know where it came from) - PG 313 - R
answer
"Greater openness" during the 1980 under Mikhail Gorbachev Several republics demanded independence
question
43) Who were the Bolsheviks? - PG 312 - R
answer
Faction of Russian communists representing the industrial workers
question
44) What is perestroika? - PG 313 - R
answer
Restructuring of the planned centralized economy
question
46) What has become of democracy in Russia in the post-Soviet era? - PG 317 - R
answer
Once a flowering democracy - has turned more and more to a centrally controlled and censoring government
question
47) One of Putin's early political moves was to crack down on dissidents in the Russian republic of____________ - PG 317 - L
answer
Chechnya
question
48) What happened to the economy in the Russian Domain after the demise of the former Soviet Union (USSR)? - PG 318 - R
answer
Economy declined and devastated the region in the 1990s
question
50) What is the primary destination for Russian petroleum products? - {G 323 - R
answer
Today, Western Europe
question
East movement of Russia to Siberia...
answer
Encouraged by leaders of USSR/Soviet Union
question
Russia has the largest population
answer
False
question
Characteristics of high latitude of Russian Domain?
answer
Seasonal temperature and short growing season
question
Verkhoyansk is Russian tundra.
answer
False
question
What is the source of pollution in Lake Baikal?
answer
Pulp and paper factories
question
Urbanization was...
answer
Planned during Soviet period
question
BAM railroad was completed...
answer
In 1984
question
China and the Soviet Union were antagonist during Cold War.
answer
False
question
Element that helps us understand geography of Russian Domain?
answer
High latitude
question
Which region of the world can best be called "Heart of the world?"
answer
Europe
question
Perhaps the oldest civilization of Western Europe is _____, the birthplace of Democracy.
answer
Greece
question
The first large empire spanning most of Western Europe was...
answer
Roman Empire
question
Which region of Europe does not get a lot of sunlight during winter months?
answer
Northern
question
Which country emerged as a nation-state in 1870's?
answer
Germany
question
Who was the last Premiere of the Soviet Union?
answer
Gorbachev
question
The vikings traded in the area today known as Russia.
answer
True
question
Which country is preparing to vote on leaving the U.K. and is a current example of devolution?
answer
Scotland
question
Peter the Great secured more coastal territory for Russia along the Baltic Sea. Catherine the Great continued to add territory to the Russian Empire during her reign. She obtained land along the ____ Sea, giving Russia one of its few warm water ports.
answer
Black
question
The European Union began for trade purposes but today it governs much more. All of the following are controlled by the European Union except?
answer
Common Currency
question
Benelux Countries:
answer
Luxembourg, Netherlands, & Belgium
question
How does Europe compare in size to the U.S.?
answer
so small it would fit into the eastern two-thirds of the U.S.
question
Which tsar opened up Russia to Europe establishing Russia as a major trade partner?
answer
Peter
question
Which location was cite of nuclear disaster of power plant in 1986?
answer
Chernobyl
Get an explanation on any task
Get unstuck with the help of our AI assistant in seconds
New