First chapter summary ( Sociology)
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conflict theory
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It asserts perspective that groups in society are engages in a continuous power struggle for control of scarce resources. This perspective views violence as a response to inequalities based on race, class, gender and other power differentials in society.
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How does the value conflict perspective differ from the critical - conflict perspective
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According to value conflict theorists, social problems are conditions that are incompatible with group values. From this perspective, value clashes are ordinary occurrences in families, communities and the larger society, in which people commonly hold many divergent values. In contrast, critical conflict theorists suggest that social problems arise out of major contradictions inherent in the way societies are organized.
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Why are there so many different approaches in the conflict perspective?
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Different conflict theorists focus on different aspects of power relations and inequality in society. Perspectives based on the works of Karl Marx emphasize class-based inequalities arising from the capitalist system. Feminist perspectives focus on patriarchy- a system of male dominance in which males are privileged and women are oppressed. Other perspectives emphasize that race, class and gender are interlocking systems of privilege and oppression that result in social problems. However, all of those perspectives are based on the assumption that inequality and exploitation, rather than social harmony and stability, characterize contemporary societies.
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How does the symbolic interactionist perspective view society and social problems ?
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Unlike the functionalist and conflict perspectives, which focus on society at the macrolevel, the symbolic interactionist perspective views society as the sum of interactions of individuals and groups. For symbolic interactionist, social problems occur when social interaction is disrupted and people are dehumanized, when people are labeled deviant, or when the individual's definition of a situation causes him or her to act in a way that produces a determined outcome.
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research methods
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In field research, sociologists observe and interview people where they live, work and play. In survey research, sociologists use written questionnaires or structured interviews to ask respondents a series of questions about a specific topic. In secondary analysis of existing data, sociologist analyze data that originally were collected for some other purpose.
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