Final Exam Review Massage Therapy – Flashcards
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Which of the following is regarded as the condition of being tired of or unhappy with one's work?
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Burnout
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What is the fourth chakra?
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Heart
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Which type of retirement account is tax-deferred; some or all contributions may be deductible from current taxes, depending on the individual's adjusted gross income and coverage by an employer sponsored retirement plan?
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Individual retirement account (IRA)
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Which of the following is a place where water therapies are administered? a. Departure b. Sanctuary c. Spa d. Haven
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c. Spa
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Which mechanism monitors blood pressure and consists of the macula densa and juxtaglomerular cells?
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Juxtaglomerular apparatus
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If a physician refers a client to a massage therapist, the therapist must honor ________________________.
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The physician's code of ethics
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The best thing a massage therapist can do to prevent the spread of infection is _____________________.
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Handwashing
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The distance traversed during the length of one massage stroke is called ______________________.
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Excursion
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Disease marked by an inappropriate or excessive response of the body's immune function is a(n)
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Autoimmune disease
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The movement around a joint or set of joints is called _____________________.
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Range of motion
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_________ pertains to the cheek area
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Buccal
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A group of similar cells that act together to perform a specific function is called _______________.
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Tissue
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Which quadrant contains the appendix?
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Right lower quadrant
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What is a synonym for collarbone?
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Clavicle
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The theory that explains how filaments within the sarcomere slide past each other in order to create a change in muscle length is the ___________________.
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Sliding filament theory
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Which of the following are rapidly fatigable muscle fibers referred to as white muscle? a. Moderate twitch b. Fast twitch A c. Fast twitch B d. Slow Twitch
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c. Fast Twitch B
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What are the areas within the cerebrum named for the bones that lie beneath?
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Lobes
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The loudness of sound is called _______________.
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Volume
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What area of skin is served by a specific sensory nerve root?
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Dermatone
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Know the 12 cranial nerves
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I. Olfactory II. Optic III. Oculomotor IV. Trochlear V. Trigeminal VI. Abducent VII. Facial VIII. Vestibulocochlear IX. Glossopharyngeal X. Vagus XI. Accessory XII. Hypoglossal
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Which gland(s) secrete(s) the hormone epinephrine?
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Adrenal medulla
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What are the genetically determined proteins on the surfaces of red blood cells?
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Antigens
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Which of the divisions of the peripheral nervous system is voluntary?
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Somatic nervous system
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Blood cells are primarily formed in __________________________.
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the red bone marrow of long, flat, and irregular bones
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What is the narrowing of a vascular lumen called?
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Vasocontriction
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What is the expansion effect that occurs when the left ventricle contracts, producing a wave of blood that surges through and expands the arterial walls?
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Pulse
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Which valve lies beneath the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk?
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Pulmonary semilunar valve
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What is the final division of the small intestine that terminates at the ileocecal sphincter?
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Ileum
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What is a synonym for the word swallowing?
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Degutition
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The large collection reservoir located in the upper region of the ureter is called ______________________.
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Renal pelvis
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What is the definition of convection?
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refers to transferring heat energy through movement of air or liquid
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Who is Father Sebastian Kneipp?
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He is regarded as the Father of Hydrotherapy
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What is a Swiss Shower?
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When water is sprayed over a standing client from both overhead and side-positioned needle-like jet valves
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The concept of energy in Chinese is called __________.
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Chi
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What is a Whirlpool?
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A tub with hot water just priot to use and drained after each use
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What is the term used to decribe money you have left after expenses?
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Net income
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The art of interpreting, measuring, and decribing economic activity is called __________________.
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Accounting
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What is the definition of vibration?
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rapid shaking, quivering, trembling, or rocking applied with fingertips, full hand or an appliance
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A very precise and penetrating form of friction, popularized by Dr. james Cyrix of London, in which the direction of movemnt is across and perpendictular to the pattern of mucle fibers is known as _______________.
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Cross fiber friction
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When oriented away from the midline of the body, we refer to it as ______________.
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Lateral
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______________ pertains to the thigh area, between the hip and the knee
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Femoral
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The plane that divides the body into superior and inferior halves is the __________________________.
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Transverse (horizontal) plane
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What is rotation?
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Circular movement created when a bone moves around its own central axis
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The epidermis is made from which embryonic cell layer?
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Ectoderm
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True or False: Plantar pertains to the bottom surface or sole of the foot
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True
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What characteristic should a mole possess that indicates referral of a client to his or her physician for further evaluation?
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Elevated
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Which joint has extremely limited or absent movement?
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Synarthrotic
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Which of the following bones is the condylar process located? a. Mandible b. Maxilla c. Temporal d. Sphenoid
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A. Mandible
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What type of joint is the atlantoaxial joint?
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Pivot
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What is the parasympathetic nervous system?
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A division of the autonomic nervous system and is the most active under calm conditions
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What are thermoreceptors?
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Sensory receptors that are sensitive to temperature changes and types of free nerve endings
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Which structure is nearly 80% of the diencephalon and relays sensory information (except olfaction) to appropriate parts of the cerebrum?
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Thalamus
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True or False: The posterior pituitary gland secretes the hormone prolactin.
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False; Anterior pituitary
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Which hormone is involved with the control of the body's circadian rhythms?
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Melatonin
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Which hormone functions to decrease sodium by triggering urine production and to decrease blood volume and blood pressure? This mechanism is antagonistic to aldosterone
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Natriuretic hormone
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Which valve lies between the left venticle and the aorta?
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Aortic semilunar valve
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What is the term given to the top number in a blood pressure reading, representing the pressure exerted on the arterial wall during ventricular contraction?
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Systole
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Where are the vocal cords located?
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Larynx
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True or False: Nasal cavities are referred to as air conditioning chambers
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True
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Know the four paranasal sinuses
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1. frontal 2. sphenoidal 3. ethomoidal 4. maxillary
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What are surfactants?
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Phospholipids that assist in the exchange of gas by reducing surface tension and that contribute to lung elasticity
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What is absorption?
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The process by which products of digestion move into the bloodstream or lymph vessels, then into the body's cells
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Which lympathic structure produces the pluripotent stem cells and lymphocytes?
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Bone marrow
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What is the Hilum?
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The medial concave region of the kidney where arteries, veins, and the ureters enter and exit
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A dilation formed by juncture of the pancreatic and common bile ducts, opening into the small intestines is called ______________________.
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Major duodenal papilla
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What are the folds in the lining of the urinary bladder that allow for expansion?
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Rugae
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Know the order of sensations felt by most clients during cold application.
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1. Coldness 2. Burning 3. Stinging or aching 4. Numbness
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True or False: Aldosterone hormone regulates the control of water balance of the body by stimulating the kidneys to reabsorb more water
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False; Antidiuretic hormone
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What is a synonym for deep traverse friction?
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Cross fiber friction
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A secondary phase of fibrosis where scar tissue becomes more pliable
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Scar mutation
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What is a destination spa?
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A type of spa that offers on-site accommodation, professionally administered spa services, physical fitness and wellness elements, education, and spa cuisine to provide its guests with lifestyle improvement and health enhancement.
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True or False: Rythmic pumping on a muscle is called compression
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True
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Which of the following is a skin-scraping technique to help expel excess heat or remove energy stagnation? a. Cupping b. Moxibustion c. Gua-sha d. Tai Ji
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C. Gua- Sha
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What is Depreciation?
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The process of spreading out the deduction for the cost of an asset over a period of time
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Western massage texts tend to use Frech terminology, primarily because of the efforts of ________________.
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Johann Mezger
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Records discovered in China have revealed that the practice of massage goes back as early as: a. 1500 BC b. 3000 BC c. 600 AD d. 1200 AD
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b. 3000 BC
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Which was established by the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention to reduce the transmission of communicable disease? a. Universal Precautions b. Collective Safe Medical Precautions c. Universal Medical Standardization d. Occupational Safety and Health Precautions
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A. Universal Precautions
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What is an infectious disease?
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Also known as a communicable disease, this disease is caused by a biological agent, such as a virus, bacterium, fungus, protozoa, or parasite
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What is Amma?
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Regarded as the precursor of all other therapies (manual and energetic) and the grandparent of all massage techniques
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True or False: Petrissage is the application of unbroken gliding movements that are repeated and follow the contour of the client's body.
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False; Effleurage
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This concept refers to the change of your hand positino or how rapidly (or slowly) a massage movement is executed
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Speed
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________ refers to the arm between the shoulder and elbow
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Brachial
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What is the term used to describe the section of intestional wall that is attached to the abdominal wall after an ileostomy or a colostomy?
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Stoma
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What is a Hinge joint?
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Synovial joints in which movements are limited to flexion and extension (examples are the elbow and interpharlangeal joints)
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__________ pertains to the low back, between the ribs and hips
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Lumbar
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True or False: Arrector pili are heavily keratinized, nonliving tissues forming thin, hard plates found on the distal surfaces of the fingers and toes
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False; Nails
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On which of the following bones is the ischial tuberoisty located? a. Pubis b. Ilium c. Ischium d. Sacrum
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c. Ischium
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Which of the following are fatigue-resistant muscle fibers referred to as red muscle? a. Fast Twitch b. Intermediate c. Moderate twitch d. Slow Twitch
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d. Slow Twitch
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The sympathetic nervous system is also called ________________.
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Thoracolumbar outflow
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Which gland(s) secrete(s) the hormone glucagon?
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Pancreas
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What is the most common neurotransmitter, vital for stimulating muscle contraction and found junctions between motor nerves and muscles?
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Acetylcholine
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Which circuit brings oxygenated blood from the left ventricle, through the entire body, and back to the right atrium?
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Systemic circuit
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What is the Cardiac Cycle?
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The terms used to describe the cycle of events with each alternating contraction and relaxation of the heart, coordinated by its conducting system.
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What is Inflammation?
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A protective mechanism that stabilizes and prepares damaged tissue for repair, with symptoms that include local heat, redness, pain and decreased function.
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Why do foreign bodies more frquently lodge on the right side?
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Because the right bronchus is wider and has a steeper downward angle than the left
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True or False: The Greater and lessor omentum envelops the entire abdominal wall and is the largest serous membrane of the body
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False; Peritoneum
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What is Tai Ji?
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Represents Yin and Yang, formed by a complete circle, divided in two sides, one black, one white, each containing a smaller circle of the opposite color within itself.
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What technique is essentially pressure applied to trigger points and spasms and held for 3 to 7 seconds?
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Sustained pressure
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Know the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system
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Decrease in heart rate and strength of contraction, stimulation of salvation, and incease in gastrointestinal motility
