Exam3 Ch.13 – Flashcards

When they were first sold, aerosol insecticides were highly effective in killing flies and mosquitoes. Today, some 30 years later, a much smaller proportion of these insects die when sprayed. The reason fewer insects are being killed is that __________.

Scientists have warned doctors of the danger of their increasing use of antibiotics (for instance, penicillin) for treating minor illnesses. They are concerned because _____.

In a population of bears, which is most likely to be considered to have the greatest Darwinian fitness?

A process in which organisms with certain inherited characteristics are more likely to survive and reproduce than individuals with other characteristics is called _____.

Which of the following is the study of the geographic distribution of species on Earth?

Which one of the following was an assumption of Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection?

Natural selection __________.

There is a group of small fish living in a lake with a sandy bottom. Most of the fish are light brown, but about 10% are mottled. These fish are normally prey for large birds that live on the shore. A construction company dumps a load of gravel in the bottom of the lake, giving it a mottled appearance. Which of these statements presents the most accurate prediction?

Which of the following is an example of natural selection that has been seen in our lifetime?

In 1859, Charles Darwin wrote, "The affinities of all the beings of the same class have sometimes been represented by a great tree... As buds give rise by growth to fresh buds, and these if vigorous, branch out and overtop on all sides many a feebler branch, so by generation I believe it has been with the great Tree of Life, which fills with its dead and broken branches the crust of the earth, and covers the surface with its ever branching and beautiful ramifications." At the base of the evolutionary tree of all life is ______________.

The population of American bison used to number in the millions of animals. Hunting and other problems greatly decreased the number of bison to about 1,000 animals. But today, the numbers are recovering to estimates of more than 200,000 animals. This crash in the population of bison and recent recovery is an example of _____.

Imagine that a new population of humans is established on a new planet from ten randomly selected people in your biology class. Over thousands of years, the descendants of those ten people reproduce and prosper, but do not reflect well the diversity of humans on Earth. This change in the diversity of people on the new planet is an example of _____.

In evolutionary terms, an organism's Darwinian fitness is measured by its __________.

Sickle-cell disease is caused by __________.

A population is __________.

A process in which organisms with certain inherited characteristics are more likely to survive and reproduce than are individuals with other characteristics is called _____.

Evidence from molecular biology supports the theory of evolution by showing that __________.

Which of the following is the study of the geographic distribution of species on Earth?

"Differential success in reproduction" is just another way of saying _____.

Which one of the following statements most closely agrees with the theory of evolution by means of natural selection, as put forth by Darwin?

Which of the following is a requirement for natural selection?

The smallest unit that can evolve is a _____.

The population of American bison used to number in the millions of animals. Hunting and other problems greatly decreased the number of bison to about 1,000 animals. But today, the numbers are recovering to estimates of more than 200,000 animals. This crash in the population of bison and recent recovery is a good example of _____.

Imagine that a new population of humans is established on a new planet from ten randomly selected people in your biology class. Over thousands of years, the descendants of those ten people reproduce and prosper, but do not reflect well the diversity of humans on Earth. This change in the diversity of people on the new planet is an example of _____.