Europe and Russia – Flashcards
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Which river divides the unglaciated southern European Lowland from the glaciated plains to the north?
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Rhine River
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Which of the following is not included in Europe's "Ring of Seas"? Mediterranean, Black,Adriatic, Baltic, North
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The Adriatic
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Which mountain range has the highest elevation in the western region of Europe, exceeding 15,000ft/4,000m?
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The Alps
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What is the major climate control factor for the European region?
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Atlantic Ocean
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What environmental issue has significantly plagued the European region, but because of its nature is rarely confined to political boundaries, and thus is also a global problem?
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pollution
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What area of Europe is thought to be most immediately threatened by sea level rise?
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Netherlands
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Which is Europe's oldest region?
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the Western Highlands
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What is the purpose of the European Union?
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To undertake regional economic, political, and cultural integration of the European region
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How many countries make up the European Region?
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42
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Which of the following is not a climate of Europe Continental, Tropical Moist, Mediterranean, Marine west coast, maritime
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Tropical Moist
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Why has Eastern Europe experienced more environmental problems than the West?
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Unregulated industrial output
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Which of the following is Europe's longest river?
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Danube
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What is the economic focus of Europe?
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European Lowlands
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Which of the following is a characteristic of the Mediterranean climate of S Europe?
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Dry summers and cool moist winters
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What was the EU's common goal in 1997 Kyoto Protocol?
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8% reduction in greenhouse gases
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What historical event saw the divide of Europe and the rest of the world?
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Cold War
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Which city has been most affected by poor air quality?
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London
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What is a part of the Alpine Mountain system?
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The Balkan Ranges, The Carpathians, The Alps, The Pyrenees
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Moving inland, what climate dominates the mid-eastern part of the region?
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Humid continental climates
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What physical geography characteristic helps to explain the region's landscape diversity?
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Europe's latitudinal extent from the Arctic to the Mediterranean significantly affects climate and vegetation
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What are Norway's fjords?
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Flooded river inlets
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What was the result of the EU's Emission Trading Scheme?
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Emissions were reduced by 1%
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Which European city has the highest population?
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London
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When did the European theater of World War II end?
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May 1945
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Why is it so difficult to combat the illegal immigration problem in the European region?
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The physical geography of Europe creates "leaky borders."
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Which of the following was not part of the political and economic process of rebuilding post-World War II Europe?
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European Banking Authority
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What was the Iron Curtain?
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Geopolitical and economic blocs dividing Europe into east and west
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Indo-European languages dominate the European landscape. Which of the following is not a member of the Romance language subfamily? Hungarian, English, French, Italian, Spanish
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Hungarian
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Which European Union member country has the highest representation of women in its parliament?
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Sweden
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Which country in the Balkans has the highest percentage of a single ethnicity?
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Albania
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What has not been a major criticism of the Schengen Agreement?
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Lack of proper medical care and availability of social services for migrants who have taken advantage of the Schengen Agreement
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Which country once politically united the culturally and ethnically diverse area of the Balkan peninsula?
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Yugoslavia
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In March 1957, the Treaty of Rome established the European Economic Community (EEC), a forerunner of the current European Union. Which of the following countries was not an original member of the EEC?Germany, France, UK, Italy, Belgium
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UK
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What two fundamental innovations were associated with the Industrial Revolution?
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Machines and inanimate energy sources
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What major factor is related to Europe's slow natural population growth?
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Urbanization
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What is an accurate explanation of the "family-friendly policies" that are characteristic of European governance?
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Programs promoting population growth
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What is a correct description of the term Balkanization?
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Small-scale independence movements based on ethnic fault lines
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What is the primary religious divide between Western and Eastern Europe?
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Christianity and Orthodoxy
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What religion has the largest number of adherents in Europe?
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Catholicism
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What is one of the major population characteristics of the European region?
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High levels of urbanization
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Which of the following countries was not a member of both NATO and the Former Warsaw Pact?
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France
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What was the first European war that significantly changed the political landscape of Europe?
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World War I
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In 1936, what two countries formed the "Axis" agreement that created the eventual opposition to the Allies in World War II?
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Italy and Germany
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Which European countries are caught in a current fiscal crisis that threatens the stability of the financial integration of the European Union?
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Greece, Spain, and Italy
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In the years immediately after World War II, rebuilding and recovery in France and England led to the creation of immigrant neighborhoods. What is not one of the source countries of these immigrant communities?
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US
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Gender equity is still an issue for this developed region. On average, how much less do women earn as compared to men in roughly the same job?
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25%
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Why is cross-border travel so much easier within most of the European region?
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The Schengen Agreement eased border movement between European Union members.
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What mountain range creates a natural barrier between southern Russia and Georgia?
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Caucasus Mountains
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What northern mining city appears on the Blacksmith Institute's list of most polluted places in the world?
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Norilsk
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What type of soil commonly found in Russia limits agricultural production due its high level of acidity?
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Podzol
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Which of the following is not one of the six "states" that are often included in the region known as the Russian domain?
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Azerbaijan
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The Trans-Siberian Railroad runs between what two Russian cities?
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Moscow to Vladivostok
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What capital city is split by the Dnieper River?
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Kiev
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Russian scientists and political leaders have "dragged their feet" at climate-change conferences because they feel that the region could benefit from a warmer climate. Why is this?
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Less severe winters could aid energy and mineral development, and less sea ice could make it easier navigation, boosting commercial transportation and increasing economic development
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In which part of Russia does diversified agriculture mainly occur?
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West
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What type of climate does not occur in the majority of Russian interior?
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Humid subtropical
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What city is bordered by an abandoned diamond mine that is over 1700 feet deep?
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Mirnv
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What area of the Russian domain is considered to be relatively untouched by human development and exploitation?
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Kamchatka Peninsula
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What type of forest dominates the Russian taiga?
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Coniferous
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Most of European Russia experiences __________ winters and ___________ summers.
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Cold and cool
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What has severely damaged the Baltic Sea?
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Unfiltered raw sewage flowing into the sea via the Neva River
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What major river is not considered polluted?
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Lena river
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What is the approximate population of metropolitan Moscow?
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11.5 million
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What environmental disaster has dramatically affected the Arctic island of Novaya Zemlya?
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The area around the island was used as an unregulated dumping ground for nuclear waste during the Soviet era.
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What area of the Russian domain has the highest population density?
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The western portion of the Russian domain
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What are some of the negative effects of climate change that could occur in Russia?
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Hotter summers will increase the risk of wildfires, ecologically sensitive areas will be majorly disturbed, and rising sea levels will displace low-lying areas along coasts.
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What is the greatest potential impact that may occur with the thawing of Russia's vast interior permafrost?
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Frozen soils contain large amounts of Carbon that could be released as a result of permafrost thawing
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Which physical feature dominates most of Russia's interior?
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Taiga
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What percent of Earth's fresh surface water is contained in Lake Baikal alone?
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20
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What two major rivers empty into the Black Sea
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Don and Dnieper
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According to the Russian government's estimates, how many people live in areas with chronically poor air quality and unsafe drinking water?
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65 million
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Climate change may actually benefit certain areas of Russia. Which of the following would not be one of those benefits?
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Climate change will create warmer conditions in the Moscow metropolitan area. This will lead to a population increase that will begin to reverse years of population decrease.
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What plan did President Gorbachev introduce in order to restructure the economy and create a government more responsive to Russia's citizens?
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Perestroika
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After the fall of the Soviet Union, what was not one of the impacts on Russian culture
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There was a new culture based on communist ideals that flourished in the post-Soviet era.
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What was the main goal of the "Russification" movement of the Soviet Union?
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To increase the Russian presence in surrounding Soviet republics to secure administrative and economic control
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What capital city within the Russian domain region has been described as "a Russian-speaking city whose people know how to speak Ukrainian"?
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Kiev
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What is the largest non-Orthodox religion within Russia and what areas have the largest population of that religion?
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Islam is the largest non-Orthodox religion; Muslims are mostly located along the northern Caucasus region
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What two main languages are the most widespread in modern Russia?
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Russian and Altaic
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In the typical Russian urban city model what will you find in the city-centers?
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Pre-1900 stone buildings and mansions
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What Belorussian leader enforced a restrictive rule on accessing "foreign" websites?
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Alyaksandr Lukashenka
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What ethnicity in the far eastern cities of Russia has been on the receiving end of a nationalist backlash?
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Chinese
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Which of the following is not true regarding Russia's post-Soviet economic and social development?
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The Soviets emphasized the production of consumer goods over the production of heavy basic industries like steel and machinery and this led to the collapse of the Soviet Union.
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According to current demographic trends, what population issue is occurring in Russia today?
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Death rates have exceeded birth rates causing the population to decline
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What industry is considered to be Russia's strongest link between the regional and global economy?
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Oil and natural gas
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What board game is still considered Russia's long-time favorite?
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chess
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What contemporary Russian city was the site of the founding of the principality of Russia in 1300?
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Moscow
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What is the name of the Russian exclave on the Baltic Sea that was created after World War II?
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Kaliningrad
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What country's economy is largely based on remittance funds that are sent home from migrants working in Russia?
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Tajikistan
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Which of the following is not true regarding the Russian Orthodox church?
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The Soviet Union encouraged church membership as a way to secure cultural control.
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What is the largest of the Internal Republics of the Russian Federation?
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Sakha
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Russia is the largest exporter of __________ and the second-largest exporter of __________.
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Natural gas and oil
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Which of the following is the main reason that many ethnic Russian migrants have been leaving former Soviet Republics and returning to their homeland?
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The government has actively been promoting reparations for ethnic Russians, giving incentives for migrants to return or move back to the "homeland."
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What political group took control of the country after the fall of the Russian Empire in 1917 and imposed the doctrine of communism?
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Bolsheviks
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Who coined the term "Iron Curtain" after the end of World War II?
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Winston Churchill
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What two American restaurants are most prominent in Russia today?
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McD and KFC
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What type of natural-resource extraction is most common in eastern Russia?
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coal mines
