According to Clugston (2010), poetry is a form of literature that encompasses everything the poet perceives and all of their senses, emotions, experiences, and imagination. It reflects human life but is written concisely and expressively using figurative language. Comprehending it can sometimes be challenging. Poetry aims to captivate the reader's attention and invites them into the poet's imaginative world while being based on personal experiences. Ultimately, poetry is a manifestation of the human spirit (Clugston, 2011).
This paper has chosen John Milton's poem "On His Blindness" (1655) for analysis. The discussion will focus on three elements: the form, tone, and contents of the poem. The impact of these elements on my response will also be assessed. Among the various forms of poetry available, the sonnet will be the only one examined. Our text author
...explains that lyric poetry, being more subjective than narrative poetry, is a concise expression of a poet's thoughts and imagination.
According to Clugston (2010), the melody and emotion of the classic poem "On His Blindness" by John Milton (1655) creates a dominant and unified impression. The poem is an explicitly religious autobiographical sonnet where Milton describes his complete blindness at the age of 44. The sonnet explores the theme of acceptance and submission to the will of a wise and loving God. Furthermore, Clugston (2010) explains that the sonnet is a highly structured form of lyric poetry, with specific requirements for both the Italian (Petrarchan) sonnet and the English (Shakespearean) sonnet.
Clugston (2010) defines a sonnet as a 14-line lyric poem that comes in two forms: the Italian sonnet and the English sonnet. The Italian sonnet
also called the Petrarchan sonnet, features an octave and a sestet, with a carefully constructed thought pattern and follows the rhyme scheme abba, abba, cde, cde (or cd, cd, cd).
The English sonnet, also known as the Shakespearean sonnet, is a popular form of poetry characterized by 14 lines divided into three quatrains and a couplet. According to Clugston (2010), it follows a specific rhyme scheme of abab, cdce, efef, gg. This form allows poets to share their experiences and connect with readers' thoughts and imagination. In "On His Blindness," the first eight lines are referred to as the octave (Clugston, 2010). The website http://www.poetryfoundation.org/learning/search-glossary-terms?q=octave defines an octave as an eight-line stanza or poem.
According to the Poetry Foundation (2011), the first eight lines of an Italian or Petrarchan sonnet, also known as the octave, present the theme of blindness and its impact on work. It is noted that all eight lines in the octave follow a specific rhyme scheme. The author of our text also explains that the remaining six lines are referred to as the sestet. The Poetry Foundation (2011) defines a sestet as a six-line stanza or the final six lines of a 14-line Italian or Petrarchan sonnet.
According to Clugston (2010), the sestet of the Italian Sonnet also provides a resolution, suggesting that humble service in the eyes of God may be enough. Clugston (2010) explains in Table 11.1 that "On His Blindness" follows a pattern of ten syllables per line, with an unemphasized syllable followed by an emphasized one. This pattern, known as iambic pentameter, consists of five feet per line. The poet's tone appears to be passive and
calm.
The initial eight lines of the poem present a disturbing matter regarding blindness, giving off feelings of confusion and frustration. Despite the sad and confused mood conveyed by the poem, there is no contradiction between the author's feelings and message. As the poem progresses, the author comes to terms with being blind and maintains their faith in God. This realization and acceptance of oneself create a tone of understanding rather than anger.
The poem's content focuses on a true life experience, making it engaging. As the author expresses frustration about being blind but accepting their fate, their strength is truly remarkable. Additionally, the poet skillfully employs unconventional language to create a distinct and imaginative effect throughout the poem. The use of diverse vocabularies and a lack of understanding poems initially made it challenging to comprehend the poem.
However, through dissection and research, a clearer understanding of the poem emerged. The format, tone, and content of the poem have given me a better comprehension of life's struggles. Although we often face obstacles and problems, this poem demonstrates that we can overcome them. Emotionally, I felt deeply connected to the author's message. In general, the poem instills hope and reminds me that things are not always as dire as they appear.
In conclusion, there are various unique forms, different tones, and contents of poetry that contribute to clarity, variety, and purpose in poetic expression. Clugston (2010) states that this includes narrative, lyric, and dramatic genres, each with its own examples of unique poetic forms. Identifying the form of a poem is crucial for gaining a complete understanding and insight into its
meaning. Furthermore, it offers essential clues about the poet's intentions.
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