Chemistry Essays

SCH 4UI Abstract The Hydroxyl group on alcohols relates to their reactivity. This concept was explored by answering the question “Does each alcohol undergo halogenation and controlled oxidation? ” . Using three isomers of butanol; the primary 1-butanol, the secondary 2-butanol and the tertiary 2-methyl-2-propanol, also referred to as T-butanol, two experiments were performed to […]

Macromolecules make up more than 90% of the total cell mass. They are varied in size and composed of monomer units. These macromolecules can be categorized into four main groups: proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids (Sheeler & Bianchi, 1980). Proteins are essential for determining the shape and structure of cells since they are made […]

This research is devoted to Aromatherapy. This topic was chosen due to the fact that out of diverse complimentary and alternative medicines (CAM) aromatherapy is claimed to have become “the consumer buzzword of the 21st century” (Warda, 2002). The goals of the paper are to review and analyze the existing body of knowledge on advantages […]

Plastic bags do not decompose like biodegradable materials when they are thrown in trash cans. To witness the transformation of plastic bags, simply dispose of them and observe their behavior for a few days. When plastic bags are scattered on the ground, they contribute to water pollution and may eventually enter bodies of water, causing […]

In the year 2100, the planet Earth will be completely uninhabited. No life forms can ever exist in our planet as the atmosphere is no longer conducive to humans, animals, plants, and other species. Nature will take its course and find a way of rehabilitating Earth. This will be the bleak scenario if humans continue […]

Have you ever done the laundry and wondered what was in the detergent you use? Or if you watched a rocket launch into space have you wondered how it can even make it past earth? The answer to those questions is boron (B). Boron is a metalloid element with an atomic number of 5 and […]

Lemon grass, also known as “tanglad”, has a wide range of uses in medicine, cooking, insect repellent, food and beverages, and manufacturing. It possesses antibacterial and antifungal properties and can provide pain relief and reduce fever. Additionally, it acts as an antioxidant while stimulating the uterus and menstrual flow. This study is conducted against the […]

The main thing I stay away from is starchy carbs (no rice, potato, pasta, bread, cereal, etc. ) and sweets (with a cheat day once a month because it’s good for your soul 😀 ). However it’s important to have some carbs (depending what they are) because they’re a great source of energy and certain […]

This industrially important reaction of EAS: The Nitration of Toluene exhibits how the attack of a nitronium ion would give out major and minor products at different positions of toluene. This is an electrophilic substitution mechanism. Mixture of concentrated sulphuric and nitric acid will produce a nitronium ion, which will attack ortho-, meta- and para- […]

pH is the measurement of acidity or alkalinity in the blood. It ranges from 1 to 14, with a pH of 1 indicating extreme acidity and a pH of 14 indicating extreme alkalinity. The optimal blood pH level is approximately 7.4. When the pH falls below 7, it results in excessive acidity which disrupts metabolism […]

Chemistry plays an important part in studying Biology. It answers some questions that Biology could not explain alone. Questions like: How does an organism convert foods for energy? How do plants use sunlight and water into all the things that cells needed to grow and reproduce? How does the basic unit of life passed through […]

Friedel-Crafts acylation of anisole with acetic anhydride was used in this experiement to synthesize 4-methoxyacetophenone with the use of a reflux apparatus. Friedel-Crafts reactions can be done by alkylation, which involves mixing an alkyl or acyl halide with a Lewis acid, or acylation, which is done with acid chlorides or anhydrides(Lefevre). Acylation was used because […]

The purpose of this experiment was to synthesize the Grignard reagent, phenyl magnesium bromide, and then use the manufactured Grignard reagent to synthesize the alcohol, triphenylmethanol, by reacting with benzophenone and protonation by H3O+. The triphenylmethanol was purified by recrystallization. The melting point, Infrared Spectroscopy, 13C NMR, and 1H NMR were used to characterize and […]

The high prevalence of obesity and overweight problems in our culture means much more emphasis is placed on losing weight rather than gaining weight. It is easy to forget about people who have the problem of being too thin. Being underweight can result from eating disorders and chronic diseases, and it is also a concern […]

The purpose of this lab was to synthesize triphenylmethanol from benzophenone and bromobenzene by the formation of a Grignard compound with the reagents bromobenzene and magnesium metal. The bromobenzene was first transformed into the Grignard compound and was then reacted with the benzophenone to make the final product. The mixture was then mixed with sulfuric […]

Introduction The fundamental components of all living beings are cells. Cells offer structural support, absorb nutrients, and convert energy. They also possess specific functions and genetic material for replication. Furthermore, cells function as metabolic compartments where a variety of chemical reactions occur. There are two categories of cells: eukaryotic and prokaryotic. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic […]

Soap From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search For other uses, see Soap (disambiguation). A collection of decorative soaps often found in hotels  Two equivalent images of the chemical structure of sodium stearate, a typical soap. In chemistry, soap is a salt of a fatty acid.  Soaps are mainly used as surfactants for […]

INTRODUCTION Lipids are organic compounds found in living organisms that are insoluble or slightly soluble in water but soluble in non-polar organic solvents. Lipids can be classified into four groups which are -fats, oils, and waxes, -compound lipids, -steroids, and -derived lipids. Various experiments are done on lipids. Some tests are for saturation, presence of […]

In this experiment, the stereochemistry of 2,3-dibromo-3-phenylpropanoic was found to determine syn or anti addition of bromines. The melting point was 199-203°C and the NMR J values angle is at 167 which both prove the erythro-2,3-dibromo-3-phenylpropanoic. Determination of the Stereochemistry of 2,3-dibromo-3-phenylpropanoic acid. An addition of bromine was added to trans-cinnamic acid and it is […]

Classification Tests for Carboxylic Acid and Derivatives Mary Catherine Sarte, John Emmanuel Sy, Allurie Umel,Franklin Yap, Mary Christine YouIntroduction Carboxylic acids derivatives are simply groupsof compounds that contain a carbonyl group butwith an electronegative atom attached to thecarbon. The difference in the structure leads to amajor change in reactivity. The reactions of thesegroups of compounds […]

In recent years, the use of natural repellents for repelling mosquitoes, ticks, and other insects has significantly increased. This is due to concerns about the health risks associated with DEET, which is present in most chemical insect repellents. DEET can cause brain damage and has drawbacks such as a bad odor and unpleasant feel on […]

Filters in negative air machine:  pre_filter  Intermediate filter  HEAP filter Lockwood is sealant sprayed on after asbestos is cleaned off to seal in invisible fliers. Swayback is new insulation (e fireproofing) put up after asbestos is removed and the lob passes the clearance alarm sample. Techniques used to milliner the number of airborne fibers: Keep […]