Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Essay Example

effectiveness (Golanty 303). Citrus fruits and vegetables are the primary sources of vitamin C (Spallholz et al. 78, 270), and by consuming the recommended servings of both fruits and vegetables, one can easily meet the RDA for vitamin C.

Furthermore, the body gets rid of excess amounts of vitamin C because it is a water-soluble nutrient. Thompson & Manore (274) state that adults should not consume more than 2,000mg of vitamin C, which is known as the tolerable upper intake level (UL). According to Thompson & Manore (275), taking too many vitamin C supplements can be harmful and lead to extended periods of nausea, diarrhea, and abdominal cramps. Moreover, Spallholz et al.'s research (78, 270) suggests that only smokers need extra vitamin C due to the additional oxidative stress caused by cigarette chemicals.

3. It is recommended to avoid antioxidant supplementation because it may have potential toxic effects. Consuming excessive amounts of vitamin A, such as more than 6,000 RE daily in infants or 15,000 RE in adults, can lead to various health problems like headaches, insomnia, weight and hair loss, spontaneous abortions, and birth defects (Spallholz et al 65). Similarly, high doses of vitamin E can worsen coagulation issues in individuals with vitamin K deficiency and hinder the absorption of vitamin A (Spallholz et al 72). Unlike vitamin C, these antioxidants are not easily eliminated but instead accumulate in fatty tissues which increases the risk of reaching toxic levels.

Including fruits and vegetables in your diet is an easy method to obtain antioxidants like vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin C, and Beta-Carotene. Vitamin E can be found abundantly in nuts, vegetable

oils, and wheat germ (Spallholz et al 65, 72). There is no necessity for relying on supplements or being concerned about deficiencies since they are uncommon in developed nations.

In low dosages, antioxidant supplementation can be beneficial by acting as a sponge to absorb cell-destroying free radicals. It oxidizes itself when reacting with these toxic species (Spallholz et al. 270). Different vitamins have different protective roles within the cells: vitamin A protects the cell wall and membranes, while vitamin C safeguards the fluid-like cytoplasm. To prevent and stop cell damage, it is important to consume sufficient amounts of these essential nutrients (Spallholz et al. 270). Extensive damage caused by free radicals has been associated with the development of various cancers and other significant health concerns.