Cyber Crime and Cyberterrorism Essay

fraud, identity theft, tax evasion, money laundering among others (Donato, 2004).

Money Laundering involves the use of financial institutions, financial transactions and intermediaries like accountants, financial advisers among others.

Financial crimes may include:

1. Participating in any illegal conversion of property or assisting anyone involved in conversion to evade the punishment due to his actions.
2. Possession of property which has been acquired through the illegal means.
3. Possession of a property while knowing that it was acquired in the wrong way.

Control measures against fraud are as below. Implementation of Internal Controls. Identifying situations to look for so that they can detect when and who committed the crime.
Separation of Functions. Since in many situations, people commit a crime as a group, the segregation of duties where a single person is involved in authorization and reviewing of accounting processes may help to reduce financial crimes.

Cyberbullying is another form of cybercrime with maybe closely related to cyberterrorism.
Cyberbullying involves torment, threat, harassment and embarrassment through the internet, digital technologies or cell phones. It is practiced by children where the bully uses a fake user name to threaten, insult and infect the victim’s computer with viruses (Slonje, 2008).

Cyberbullying may take many forms which are:

1. Impersonation occurs when a person hacks into another person’s account and use it to spread embarrassing messages to others.
2. Flaming where a bullying sends messages using vulgar language.
3. Outing which involves sending of personal secrets to others and harassment occurs when one sends insulting and rude messages to others.
4. Cyberstalking involves sending a threat messages repeatedly to someone with the intention of making him or her afraid.
   Denigration: involves sending fake messages spreading someone’s information. Includes sharing information about another person 

like pictures, spreading rumors through the use of social network.

Cyberbullying is illegal and can get rid of through:-

• Secure account by use of strong passwords. Avoid choosing obvious passwords like your name, phone number, date of birth and such related personal information.
• Make sure you sign out when you sign in to your account using public computers. Avoid sites that keep cookies or else you clear the browser cookies after surfing.

Conclusion

Cybercrime involves the use of a computer or network to do an illegal activity with the intent of causing harm. It includes hacking, identity theft, cyberbullying, cyber terror, among others. Financial crimes involve misrepresentation of financial records with an intent of obtaining financial benefits. Cyberbullying involves harassment and torture through digital technology. Cyberterrorism makes use of telecommunication networks with an intention of causing harm.

Bibliography

1. Slonje, R., & Smith, P. K. (2008). Cyberbullying: Another main type of bullying?. Scandinavian journal of psychology, 49(2), 147-154.
2. Donato Masciandaro (Ed.). (2004). Global financial crime: Terrorism, money laundering, and off shore centres. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
3. Pollitt, M. M. (2002). Cyberterrorism-Fact or Fancy?