Common Drugs & Their Uses-18 – Flashcards
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Designates nonproprietary names for drugs. Organized in the early 1960's at the joint recommendation of the American Medical Association and the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Convention.
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USAN
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Group names for drugs that have similar activities or are used for the same type of diseases and disorders.
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drug classes
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Used to identify the different drug classes and in making new nonproprietary names. They are approved and recommended by the USAN.
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stems
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Substances that carry the impulses from one neuron to another.
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neurotransmitter
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Another name for an antagonist drug-because antagonists block the action of a neurotransmitter.
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blocker
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The state of equilibrium of the body.
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homeostasis
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Another term for an antagonist drug-because antagonists imitate or "mimic" the action of the neurotransmitter.
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mimetic
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A state in which pain is not felt even though a painful condition exists.
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analgesia
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Reduces fever.
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anti-pyretic
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Drugs related to morphine and codeine that can be habit-forming and are used for pain relief.
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opiate-type analgesics
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Same as opiate-type analgesics.
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narcotic analgesics
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Drugs related to aspirin that are used to relieve mild to moderate pain, and have anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties.
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salicylates
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Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that have anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic properties.
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NSAID
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A drug that relieves mild to moderate pain and has antipyretic properties.
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acetaminophen
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Drugs that block pain conduction from peripheral nerves to the central nervous system without causing a loss of consciousness.
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local anesthetics
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The state of anesthesia in which surgery can be safely conducted.
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surgical anesthesia
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An overdose of anesthesia that paralyzes the respiratory and heart centers of the medulla, leading to death.
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medullary paralysis
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Drug that destroys microorganisms.
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antibiotic (antimicrobial)
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Drug that attacks a virus.
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antiviral
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Drug that destroys fungi or inhibits growth of fungi.
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antifungal
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Drug that attacks the organisms that cause tuberculosis and leprosy.
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antimycobacterial
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Drug that destroys protozoa.
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antiprotozoal
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Drug that destroys worms.
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antielmintic
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Bacteria killing.
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bactericidal
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Bacteria inhibiting.
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bacteriostatic
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Drug that inhibits the growth of viruses.
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virustatic
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A type of white blood cell that releases antibodies that destroy disease cells.
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lymphocyte
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When cancer cells spread beyond their original site.
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metastasis
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A new and abnormal tissue growth, often referring to cancer cells.
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neoplasm
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A state in which cancer cells are inactive.
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remission
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An abnormal heart rhythm.
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arrhythmia
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The contraction and relaxation of the heart that pumps blood through the cardiovascular system.
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cardiac cycle
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The minimum blood pressure when the heart relaxes; the second number in a blood pressure reading.
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diastolic pressure
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A graph of the heart's rhythm.
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electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG)
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A clot that has traveled in the bloodstream to a point where it obstructs flow.
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embolism
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Heart muscle.
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myocardium
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The maximum blood pressure when the heart contracts; the first number in a blood pressure reading.
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systolic pressure
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A blood clot.
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thrombus
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Drugs used to treat cardiac related chest pain (angina).
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antianginals
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Drugs used to treat irregular heart rhythms.
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antiarrhythmics
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Drugs used to reduce a sustained elevation in blood pressure.
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antihypertensives
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Drugs used to increase blood pressure.
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vasopressors
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Drugs used to lower high levels of cholesterol.
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antihyperlipidemics
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Drugs used to dissolve blood clots.
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thrombolytics
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Drugs used to prevent blood clot formation.
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anticoagulants
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Drugs that reduce the oxygen demands of the heart muscle.
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beta blockers
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Drugs that relax the heart by reducing heart conduction.
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calcium channel blockers
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Drugs that decrease blood pressure by decreasing blood volume.
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diuretics
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The "pril" drugs that relax the blood vessels.
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ACE inhibitors
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Drugs that relax and expand the blood vessels.
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vasodilators
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A product that is used to treat a skin condition.
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dermatological
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The skin.
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integumentary system
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A negatively charged ion.
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anion
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A positively charged ion.
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cation
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When a compound breaks down and separates into smaller components.
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dissociation
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A substance that in solution forms ions that conduct an electrical current.
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electrolytes
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The fluid outside the body's individual cells found in plasma and tissue fluid.
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extracellular fluids
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Cell fluid.
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intracellular fluids
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Tissue fluid.
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interstitial fluid
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Electrically charged particles.
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ions
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A suspension containing infectious agents used to boost the body's immune system response.
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vaccine
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The semi-liquid form of food as it enters the intestinal tract.
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chime
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The wave-like motion of the intestines that moves food through them.
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peristalsis
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Substances in the body that help the body to break down molecules.
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enzymes
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Drugs used to treat diarrhea.
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antidiarrheals
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Drugs used to treat nausea and vomiting.
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antiemetics
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Drugs used to neutralize acid.
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antacids
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Drugs that promote defecation.
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laxatives
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Drugs that promote mixing of fatty and watery internal substances to soften the stool's contents and ease the evacuation of feces.
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stool softeners
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Drugs that affect the blood.
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hematological agents
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The fiber that serves as the structure for clot formation.
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fibrin
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A decrease in hemoglobin or red blood cells.
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anemia
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Drugs that prevent excessive bleeding.
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hemostatic drugs
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Chemicals that are secreted in the body by the endocrine system's ductless glands.
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hormones
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Hormonal steroid substances produced by the cortex of the adrenal gland.
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corticosteroid
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The system of hormone secreting glands.
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hyperthyroidism
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Overproduction of thyroid hormone.
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hypothyroidism
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A hormone that controls the body's use of glucose.
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insulin
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A hormone that helps convert amino acid to glucose.
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glucagon
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A condition in which the body does not produce enough insulin or is unable to use insulin efficiently.
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diabetes mellitus
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Blood sugar.
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serum glucose
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Male sex hormones.
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androgens
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Female sex characteristic hormone that is involved in calcium and phosphorus conservation.
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estrogen
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Female sex characteristic hormone that is involved in ovulation prevention.
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progesterone
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The primary androgen (male sex hormone)
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testosterone
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A painful inflammatory condition in which excess uric acid accumulates in the joints.
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gout
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A chronic and often progressive inflammatory condition with symptoms that include swelling, feelings of warmth, and joint pain.
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rheumatoid arthritis
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A disorder characterized by weight-bearing bones deterioration, decreasing range of motion, pain, and deformity.
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osetoarthritis
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A progressive neuromuscular condition.
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Parkinson's Disease
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A progressive dementia condition.
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Alzheimer's Disease
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A neurologic disorder characterized by seizures.
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epilepsy
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A type of headache associated with possible auras and pain.
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migraine headaches
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Drugs used to treat conditions of the eye.
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ophthalmic agents
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Inflammation of the eyelid lining.
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conjuctivitis
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A disorder characterized by high pressure within the eye.
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glaucoma
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Drugs that dilate the pupil.
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mydriatics
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Drugs that are intended to relax and calm.
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sedatives
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Drugs that are intended to induce sleep.
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hypnotics
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A disorder characterized by move swings.
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bipolar disorder
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A disorder characterized by a low mood.
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depression
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A condition characterized by chronic airway inflammation.
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asthma
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A condition associated with chronic airway obstruction.
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emphysema
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Drugs that replace histamine at histamine receptor sites.
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antihistamines
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Drugs that cause mucous membrane vasoconstriction.
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decongestants
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Drugs a that are used to treat coughs.
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antitussives
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Drugs that are used to relieve bronchospasm.
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bronchodilators
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True or false: Once a suggested nonproprietary name for a drug is officially approved, it becomes the generic name of the drug.
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true
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True or false: Acetaminophen is an example of salicylate.
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false
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True or false: Medullary paralysis is associated with an overdose of analgesic.
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false
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True or false: Ringworm is a type of fungal infection.
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true
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True or false: Vasopressors are used to treat hypertension.
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false
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True or false: Loperamide is a drug used to treat diarrhea.
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true
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True or false: Hematopoietic drugs are used to treat excessive bleeding.
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false
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True or false: Insulin is a cure for diabetes.
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false
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True or false: Calcium channel blockers are sometimes used to prevent migraine headaches.
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true
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True or false: Meprobamate is a barbiturate.
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false
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Why would an antibiotic not be appropriate for treating viral infections?
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Antibiotics have no affect on viruses because the virus changes/adapts to quickly for the medication to work.
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Why is it important for pharmacy technicians to be careful when handling antineoplastic drugs?
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Side effects of antineoplastic drugs including immunosuppression, anemia (decreased count of red blood cells), alopecia (hair loss), GI ulceration, and dehydration/weight loss from nausea and vomiting.
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Why is it important for patients with diabetes to use a glucometer?
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To monitor their insulin levels.
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The _____ designates nonproprietary names for drugs. a. manufacturer b. FDA c. USAN d. DEA
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c. USAN
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_____ is a neurotransmitter. a. Estrogen b. Testosterone c. Insulin d. Epinephrine
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d. Epinephrine
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A common naturally occurring opiate-type drug is a. codeine. b. cocaine. c. meperidine. d. proposyphene.
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a. codeine.
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An inhalation anesthetic is a. propofol. b. isoflurane. c. etomidate. d. methohexital.
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b
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An antifungal drug is a. metronidazole. b. nystatin. c. indinavir. d. tetracycline.
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b. nystatin.
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The term used to denote the presence of a life-threatening cancerous group of cells or tumor is a. malignant. b. remission. c. benign. d. viral.
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a. malignant.
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Drugs that decrease blood pressure by decreasing blood volume are called a. beta blockers. b. calcium channel blockers. c. diuretics. d. vasodilators.
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c. diuretics.
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Drugs that act to increase blood pressure are a. vasodilators. b. antihypertensives. c. vasopressors. d. ACE inhibitors.
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c. vasopressors.
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Non-malignant skin growths are a. basal cells. b. keratoses. c. squamous cells. d. melanoma.
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b. keratoses.
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The histamine receptor antagonist with the most drug interaction is a. ranitidine. b. cimetidine. c. famotidine. d. nizatidine.
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b. cimetidine.
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A commonly ordered stool softener is a. docusate sodium. b. lactulose. c. bismuth sabsalicylate. d. loperamide.
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a. docusate sodium.
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_____ is used for vitamin B12 deficiency. a. Vitamin K b. Cyanocobalamin c. Ferrous sulfate d. Plasminogen
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b. Cyanocobalamin
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An adrenal cortex corticosteroid is a. hydrocortisone. b. thyroid. c. allopurinol. d. glucagon.
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a. hydrocortisone.
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A drug that reduces uric acid and is used to treat gout is a. celecoxib. b. ibuprofen. c. allopurinol. d. cyclobenzaprine.
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c. allopurinol.
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A drug commonly used to treat epilepsy is a. phenobarbital. b. sumatriptan. c. tacrine. d. donepezil.
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a. phenobarbital.
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Substances that carry impulses from one neuron to another a. blockers. b. agonists. c. neurotransmitters. d. antagonists.
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c. neurotransmitters.
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The _____ designates nonproprietary names for drugs. a. APhA b. ASH c. USAN d. pharmaceutical company
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c. USAN
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An example of a naturally occurring opiate drug is a. morphine. b. meperidine. c. ibuprofen. d. naproxen.
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a. morphine.
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All of the following are anti-pyretic EXCEPT a. opiate-type analgesics. b. NSAID's. c. acetaminophen. d. salicylates.
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a. opiate-type analgesics.
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Which anesthetic is administered through an IV/ a. propofol b. isoflurane c. sevoflurane d. desflurane
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a. propofol
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Which antibiotic contains sulfa? a. Sumycin b. Bactrim DS c. Ceclor d. Geocillin
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b. Bactrim DS
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_____ is an example of an antiviral drug. a. Zithromax b. Flagyl c. Valtrex d. Vermox
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c. Valtrex
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An example of an anthelmintic drug is a. Geocillin. b. Vermox. c. Zithromax. d. Augmentin.
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b. Vermox.
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A term for a state in which cancer cells are inactive is a. neoplasm. b. metstasis. c. lymphocyte. d. remission.
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d. remission.
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_____ is an example of an ACE inhibitor. a. Lasix b. Vasotec c. Cardizem d. Norvasc
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b. Vasotec
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_____ is an example of an antianginal drug. a. Heparin b. Pravastatin c. Warfarin d. Nitroglycerin
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d. Nitroglycerin
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A term for non-malignant skin growths is a. keratoses. b. herpes simplex. c. psoriasis. d. eczema.
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a. keratoses.
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An isotonic solution of sodium chloride is a. Lactated Ringer's Solution. b. D5LR. c. normal saline. d. Klor Con.
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c. normal saline.
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An example of a histamine receptor antagonist is a. nizatidine. b. loperamide. c. furosemide. d. omeperazole.
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a. nizatidine.
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An example of a stool softener is a. docusate sodium. b. loperamide. c. diphenoxylate plus atropine. d. pancrelipase.
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a. docusate sodium.
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Accidental overdose from _____ is a leading cause of fatal poisoning in children under the age of 6. a. cyanocobalamin b. aprotinin c. iron d. vitamin K
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c. iron
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_____ is the main hormone that controls the body's use of glucose. a. Glucagon b. Insulin c. Ephinephrine d. Cortisone
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b. Insulin
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The generic name for Lantus is a. lente. b. glyburide. c. glipizide. d. glargine.
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d. glargine.
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Female sex characteristic hormones that are involved in ovulation prevention are a. progestins. b. estrogens. c. anrogens. d. methylprednisolone.
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a. progestins.
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A live attenuated influenza vaccine is a. Fluarix. b. Fluvirin. c. Flumist. d. Fluzone.
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c. Flumist.
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A disorder characterized by weight-bearing bone deterioration, decreasing range of motion, pain and deformity is a. rheumatoid arthritis. b. osteoarthritis. c. gout. d. osteoporosis.
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b. osteoarthritis.
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All of the following drugs are used to treat muscle spasms except a. cyclobenzaprine. b. carisoprodol. c. diazepam. d. alendronate.
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d. alendronate.
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A progressive dementia is a. Alzheimer's Disease. b. Parkinson's Disease. c. rheumatoid arthritis. d. osteoarthritis.
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a. Alzheimer's Disease.
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The following drugs are associated with migraine prophylactic treatment EXCEPT _____. a. beta blockers b. calcium channel blockers c. antidepressants d. diuretics
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d. diuretics
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Which of the following statements is false? a. Otic products can never be used in the eye. b. Ophthalmic products can never be used in the ear. c. The most common conditions treated with otic products are associated with accumulation of ear wax and infections of the outer ear. d. The technique for administering ear drops is different for children under three years than for children older than three years old.
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b. Ophthalmic products can never be used in the ear.
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A disorder also known as Manic-Depression is a. schizophrenia. b. bipolar disorder. c. anxiety. d. ADHD.
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b. bipolar disorder.
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A drug used to treat depression is a. Lexapro. b. lithium. c. Ativan. d. Seconal.
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a. Lexapro
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An example of an expectorant is a. pseudoephedrine. b. dextromethorphan. c. guaifenesin. d. albuterol.
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c. guaifenesin.
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An example of a sympathomimetic agent used to dilate the bronchi in asthma a. albuterol. b. prednisone. c. Benadryl. d. Claritin.
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a. albuterol.
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An infection of the bronchioles that occurs in young children is a. COPD. b. asthma. c. emphysema. d. croup.
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d. croup.
