Columbian Exchange – Flashcards
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What is a colony?
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a settlement that a far from the country that rules it.
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What is the Columbian Exchange?
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a trade or crops or resources between the North American new world and the old world (Europe, Africa and Asia).
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What did the Europeans bring to the New World?
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horses, sugar cane, cattle
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What did they bring back to the Old World?
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cocoa beans, corn, potatoes and tobacco
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What caused the Columbian Exchange?
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a race to become wealthy and powerful
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What is a synonym for compelled?
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a force to do something
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What were the positive and negative side effects of these exchanges?
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positive effects: Native Americans had better means of transportation Faster means to migrate and hunt negative effects: disease such as small pox came over with the trade items which killed off many Native Americans
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How was the Native Americans way of life affected?
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Many of them died from diseases that was transferred over with the trade goods. Also, they were turned into slaves by the Spaniards and hey were forced to give up their own beliefs to learn Christianity.
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Do you think it was fair that Native Americans had to face so many hardships during the exchange? Why or why not?
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Yes because it return we now have crops such as sugar cane. No because slavery isn't fair or right.
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Where did many of the explorers sent by Spain claim land?
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U.S. and Mexico
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Who was Hernando DeSoto
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a cruel explorer who would defeat anyone in his way. If he wanted something he took it. He was determined to be recognized for helping Spain continue growing and become more powerful and wealthy.
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Who was the first country to use Native Americans as slaves?
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Spain
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What were some of the jobs of the Native American slaves
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work long, strenuous days on the plantation where they would tend to the crops. Also, they were sent to mine for gold.
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Why would Spain's government trade crops?
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for their own economic growth
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What were the main cash crops?
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sugarcane, tobacco, coffee, cocoa and cotton
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How did many Native Americans die as a result of being a slave?
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harsh/poor working conditions and hunger
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What are missionaries?
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a person sent to promote Christianity
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Where did Spain send Native Americans to try to convert the to Christianity?
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missionaries
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What was a very important part of Spain's every day life?
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Roman Catholic Church
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Where did Spain want to expand its Christianity?
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the New World
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What were viceroys?
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representatives of the king who enforced the Spanish laws
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What was the only religion that was allowed?
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Catholic
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What would happen if you were a Protestant?
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they persecuted and driven out
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Why was France sending explorers over to the New World?
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to claim land and establish fur trade
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Who was Robert LaSalle?
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famous explorer who established fur trade routes up and down the Mississippi. He paved the way for France to send other explorers and settlers to the area.
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Why did the king change is mind about not being happy about LaSalle's findings?
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other fur trading water were freezing but not LaSalle's
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Where were the French explorers settling?
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Louisiana Territory (middle of the US)
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Why weren't the settlers able to keep an abundance of crops?
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the land was not fertile enough
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What was France's ticket (most successful trade) to the New World?
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fur trade
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Did the French settlers have rights in their political views or religious decisions? Why?
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No. They had to abide by France's rules without having a voice.
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What is a royal colony (France)?
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ruled by the king
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What was a proprietary colony (Louisiana)
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ruled by one owner who was appointed by the king.
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Colonail life was controlled by who?
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Catholics
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Was France clever at developing relationships with the Native Americans?
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yes
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At first France tried to convert the Native Americans to become Catholics but then did what?
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made alliances (friendships) with them
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How did thawing alliances with the natives help them?
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helped them establish fur trade routes and communicate with other native f=groups for trading which boosted their economic growth
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When France went to war against British, who fought along side them?
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the Native Americans
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England believed that all citizens were to belong to what church?
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Church of England
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Many explorers came from England to find wealth and land but mostly what?
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religious freedom
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Who was John Cabot?
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Italian explorer who claimed much land in the northern part of American for England.
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Why was John Cabot's expedition successful?
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he discovered cod fishing grounds
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Why did the Pilgrims and the Puritans risk their lives to sail to America?
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to get away from the church of England
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What did the Pilgrims want for their religion?
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freedom to practice their own religion
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What did the Puritans want for their religion?
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to reform or "purify" the church of england
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What crops were in the new lands that they claimed for England? And what did they do with them?
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tobacco and rice, waters full of fish. traded and exported
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How were England's political and religious rights different than other countries settling in the Americas?
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they were allowed to set up their own government and laws, held meetings, taxed themselves.
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Did the new settlers have to abide by the Church of England?
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no
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Was England friendly to the Native Indians at first? Then what happened?
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yes but then they got greedy and wanted more from the Native Americans which caused fights between them.
