Civil War Unit Study Guide – Flashcards
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Uncle Tom's Cabin
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Popular book by Harriet Beecher Stowe focusing on the negatives of slavery. Million copies sold. Caused Northerners to protest Fugitive Slave Act. Southerners criticized the book.
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South Carolina
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First state to leave the Union in 1860.
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Secessionists
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They believed that since the states voluntarily joined the Union, they can also choose to leave.
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Jefferson Davis
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Confederate President
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13th Amendment
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Outlaws Slavery (1865)
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Ft. Sumter
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April 12th, 1861- Firing on this property initiated the Civil War
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Ulysses S. Grant
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Commander of the Army of the Potomac (Union Army) from 1864-1865, had fought successfully in the West prior
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Mississippi River
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Control of this river would cut the Confederacy in half
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Shiloh
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April 6-7, 1862- Major Union Victory in the West. Grant wins due to the reinforcements from Don Carlos Buell.
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Antietam
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September 17th, 1862. Bloodiest single day in U.S. history. It is a Union Victory.
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54th Massachusetts
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African American Company responsible for leading an attack on Ft. Wagner.
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Richmond, Virginia
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Confederate Capital
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Vicksburg
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Town under siege in 1863. Citizens were forced to eat dogs, mules, rats. etc. Town surrenders on July 4th, 1863.
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List two advantages of the Union and two advantages of the Confederacy during the war.
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Union 1. Had more people 2. Had a functioning government Confederate 1. Fighting on own territory 2. Good military general
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List and explain two causes of the Civil War.
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Slavery, states rights, Lincoln's election in 1860, Inability to compromise
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Secession
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A formal withdrawal of states from a nation. December 1860, a special convention in SC voted to secede; FL, GA, AL, MI, LA, TX did the same; the 7 states met in Montgomery, AL and created the Confederate States of America; President was Senator Jefferson Davis, leader of the Confederacy.
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March to the Sea
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Sherman's march from Atlanta, Georgia, to Savannah, Georgia which cut off confederate supplies received by the sea. They wanted to destroy the Southern economy and morale, leading to Southern surrender.
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Civil War Dates
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1861-1865.
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telegraph
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The communication technology vital to the Union in the Civil War.
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Morse Code
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The dot and dash code used by the telegraph operators.
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Lincoln
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The President of the United States during the Civil War.
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Union
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The side that won the Civil War.
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north
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The Union was the...
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south
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The Confederacy was the...
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Minie Ball
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An often-used bullet during the Civil War
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Industrial
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The "revolution" that made the Civil War so deadly.
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embalming
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The technology further developed during the Civil War to help families grieve.
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slaves
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Cotton was a labor-intensive crop. The labor was provided by...
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Robert E. Lee
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The commander of the Army of Northern Virginia and a veteran of the Mexican War.
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railroads
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The movement of troops and supplies was aided by this; the Union had an important advantage by having more of these.
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amputations
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Three-quarters of all operations in the Civil War were...
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gangrene
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An infection in wounds that may be deadly; bromine reduced the number of infections by the of the war.
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Clara Barton
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The Civil War nurse who founded the Red Cross.
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cameras
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The new portable ___ showed the gruesome aftermath of battles.
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African-American
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Many enlisted in the Union Army after the Emancipation Proclamation was issued.
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copperheads
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Northerners who wanted to negotiate peace with the South were called...
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Abraham Lincoln
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American leader whose election in 1860 led the Southern States to begin seceding from the United States. President throughout the U.S. Civil War, during two terms office until his assassination after the war in 1865.
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Confederate States of America
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(1860) A group of eight Southern states that seceded from the Union, beginning with South Carolina, The Confederacy was led by Jefferson Davis; He eventually attacked the federally controlled Fort Sumter on April 12th 1861, marking the first battle of the Civil War. The Confederacy struggled economically during the war, lagging behind the Union's industrialization. This desperately contribute to their defeat.
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Anaconda Plan
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A key point in the Union's war strategy was encircling the South as an anaconda squeezes its prey. This plan entailed a naval blockade and the capture of the Mississippi River corridor.
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Emancipation Proclamation
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Issued by abraham lincoln on september 22, 1862 it declared that all slaves in the confederate states would be free
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Battle of Gettysburg
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1863, this three day battle was the bloodiest of the entire Civil War, ended in a Union victory, and is considered the turning point of the war
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Gettysburg Address
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A 3-minute address by Abraham Lincoln during the American Civil War (November 19, 1963) at the dedication of a national cemetery on the site of the Battle of Gettysburg.
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John Wilkes Booth
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26 year old actor and Southern sympathizer, assassinator of Abraham Lincoln
