chp 9 social – Flashcards
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According to Immanuel Wallerstein's theory of global capitalism, which nations are at the "core" of the world economy
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high-income nations
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One criticism of dependency theory is that it
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treats global wealth as a zero-sum so that one country benefits only at the expense of another
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Japan, Canada, and the nations of Western Europe are all classified as
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high-income countries
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With regard to the role of rich nations, dependency theory
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claims rich nations are to blame for global poverty
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The global region in which the greatest reduction in poverty has taken place is
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Asia
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While modernization theory focuses on _____, dependency theory focuses on _____.
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production of wealth; distribution of wealth
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In the world's lowest-income nations, two in ten children born die by the age of
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five
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A social theorist who contributed to the development of dependency theory by tracing the growth of the capitalist world economy is
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Immanuel Wallerstein
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If you were applying modernization theory to the problem of global poverty, you might expect rich nations to aid the economic development of poor nations by
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increasing industrial production
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In poor nations, poverty is_____ than in the United States
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more widespread and severe
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In past centuries, European nations colonized countries in
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only Africa
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Dependency theory differs from modernization theory by
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explaining global inequality in terms of the exploitation of poor countries by rich countries.
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If you wanted to visit the world's low-income nations, where would you travel?
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Africa and Asia
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Which theoretical approach claims that rich nations of the world are "overdeveloped" while poor nations are "underdeveloped"?
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dependency theory
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The people of the high-income countries, who represent 23 percent of the world's population, enjoy about how much of the world's income?
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64 percent
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André Gunder Frank states that poor nations
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were "underdeveloped," or made poor, by rich nations
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What is Wallerstein's term for the middle-income countries of the world?
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semiperiphery
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The concept of "colonialism" refers to the process by which
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some nations enrich themselves through political and economic control of others
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A majority of the world's people live in
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middle-income nations
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Wallerstein pointed to several factors that cause dependency among low-income nations. Which of the following is a factor that Wallerstein did NOT claim to be a cause of dependency?
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lack of integration into the world economy
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Absolute poverty is
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life threatening
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According to Walt Rostow, nations begin at the _____ stage of development and may eventually reach the stage of_____
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traditional; high mass consumption
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About how many people in the world die each year due to starvation
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9 million
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High-income nations
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make use of factories, big machinery, and advanced technology.
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The death of 52 garment workers in a Bangladeshi sweatshop shows that
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the lives of the world's poor are far worse than many people in the United States realize.
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In 2012, how many independent nations were there in the world?
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195
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Over the course of the last century, the extent of global economic inequality has
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increased.
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According to modernization theory, the greatest barrier to economic development is
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traditional culture
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The poorest 20 percent of the global population receives about what percentage of all global income
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2 percent
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Which world region contains the largest percentage of the world's street children?
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Latin America
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Of the almost 1 billion people in the world who are living at or close to absolute poverty, what percentage are women
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70 percent
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What concept refers to a global economy in which multinational corporations exploit people in low-income nations
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neocolonialism
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The social theorist identified with modernization theory is
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Max Weber.
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From a global perspective, economic productivity is lowest in precisely the regions where
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population increase is highest.
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In poor countries, the disadvantages women face relative to men are
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greater than in rich nations
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The concept of "neocolonialism" refers to the process by which
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multinational corporations dominate the economy of a poor country.
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______ is not a high-income nation
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South Africa
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If you were to apply modernization theory to the problem of global poverty, you might point that low-income nations
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have cultural resistance to innovation.
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For the world as a whole, about how many people suffer from chronic hunger that leaves them less able to work and places them at high risk of disease?
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close to 1 billion
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Which type of slavery refers to one person owning another
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chattel slavery
