Chemistry Lab Midterm
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If it has two bonds what is it?
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Linear Linear
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If it has 3 bonds what is it
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Trigonal planar Trigonal planar
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If it has two bonds and one lone pair what is it
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Trigonal planar Bent
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If it has 4 bonds what is it
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Tetrahedral Tetrahedral
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If it has 3 bonds and one lone pair
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Tetrahedral Trigonal pyramidal
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If it has two bonds and two lone pairs it is
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Tetrahedral Bent
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If it has five bonds it is
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Trigonal bipyramidal Trigonal bipyramidal
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If it has four bonds and one lone pair
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Trigonal bipyramidal See saw
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If it has three bonds and two lone pairs
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Trigonal bipyramidal T shape
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If it had two bonds and 3 lone pairs
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Trigonal bipyramidal Linear
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If it has 6 bonds
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Octahedral Octahedral
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If it has five bonds and one lone pair
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Octahedral Square pyramidal
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If it has four bonds and two lone pairs
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Octahedral Square planar
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If it has three bonds and three lone pairs
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Octahedral T sharp
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If it has two bonds and four lone pairs
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Linear
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What is the hybridization of a linear
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Sp
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What is the hybridization of anything with the molecular geometry of trig amok planar
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Sp2
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What is the hybridization of anything with the molecular geometry of tetrahedral
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Sp3
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What is the hybridization of anything with the molecular geometry of triganol bypyramidal
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Sp3d
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What is the hybridization of anything with the molecular geometry of octahedral
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Sp3d2
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What is the bond angle for linear
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180
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What is the bond angle for triganol planar
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120
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What is the bond angle for tetrahedral
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109.5
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What is the bond angle for triganol bipyramidal
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120, 90
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What is the bond angle for octahedral
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90
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What type of atom can violate the octet rule by having more than eight electrons in the valence shell? Why?
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Expanded octet These atoms include 3D orbitals in their bonding being able to bond with other items
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What five atoms can have fewer than eight electrons? Why?
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Hydrogen Beryllium Helium Boron Lithium They use s and p orbitals that fill up quickly so they don't have extra room for extra bonding
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What does AXE Stand for
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A-central atom X-bonds E-lone pairs
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How do you know he central atom
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Usually first Whatever is after the hydrogen
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What is the purpose for deionized water in determining the rate law
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To act as the solvent diluting the concentration and to prolong the reaction causing the color change to occur later
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What is the point of the buffer solution in determine the rate law?
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Maintain the ph levels as a constant
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What is the function of the thiosulfate in studying the kinetics of the hydrogen peroxide iodide
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To prevent an equilibrium from going on during the reaction by removing I3 and to suppress the rate of he reverse reaction
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How do you calculate the moles of of something consumed or used during the course of the reaction
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M1V1=M2V2 With V2 being the total volume of everything and V1 being the volume of the molarity used
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What were the labels for the x axis and y axis for the procedure
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X- log(H2O2) Y-log(rate of reaction) Rate of reaction is changing in moles/change in time
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How do you find the order of the reaction?
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By determining the slope of the graph
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How do you determine Ea?
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Slope=-Ea/R May have to multiply times 10^3 depending on graph R=8.314
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What does alum consist of?
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Monovalent cations Trivalent cations And two sulfate ions with 12 waters of hydration
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Are the 12 waters in the salt used to calculate the theoretical yield of the alum
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You would need to know the mass of the entire thing in order to calculate the theoretical yield
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How do you calculate the theoretical yield
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Actual/theoreticalx100
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Are water molecule more strongly hydrated with monovalent or trivalent cations? Why?
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Trivalent because the cations are stronger causing a stronger attraction to the water
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What is the technique for securing a piece of filter paper into a funnel for Gravity filtration
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Fold the paper in a crease then again and open it to form a cone
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What is the technique for securing a piece of filter paper into a Büchner funnel for vacuum filtration
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Moistening the funnel with drops of water to make the filter paper stick
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Why are the alum crystals washed with an alcohol water mixture rather than with deionizer water
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It allows the salt to precipitate
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How do you calculate mass percent
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Mass of solute/ mass of solution x100
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How do you calculate molality
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Moles of solute/kg of solvent
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How do you calculate molarity
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Moles of solute/liters of solution
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How do you calculate mole fraction
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Moles of component/total moles of all components
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What happens if the contents in the flask are not completely dried before weighing?
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It Will cause it to have a higher result because the water adds to the weight
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What if some material is left in the pipet when transferring the solution to the flask
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It will cause the it to have a lower result because it isn't measure all of the solution it should have causing it to be less
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Is there an affect on the mass of a solution if they are measure while warm
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No
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How will calculated molarity be different if the particles splatter out of the flask during the drying process
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If particles splatter out of the residue will be wrong causing it to have a smaller molarity because less than it should be
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Why are alum crystals washed free of impurities with ethanol ice water rather than with room temp deionized water
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The alum is insoluble in water but soluble in deionized water
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How do you write a double salt synthesized alum
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Alum•sulfate x k2so4 x 2H20
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Name for experiment 24
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A rate law and activation energy
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Name for experiment 15
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Synthesis of alum
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Name for experiment 14
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Molecular geometry
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Name for experiment 13
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Solution concentration
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Name for experiment 35
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Spectrophotometric metal ion analysis
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For calibration curve what is x and y
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Y=absorbance X=molar concentrations
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What was the solution used for experiment 13
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NaCl
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How to calculate concentration from absorbance
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M1v1=m2v2 M1=molarity of stock solution V1=volume of specific trial V2=25ml
