chem final – Flashcards
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what is nuclear symbol for radioactive isotope of copper with a mass number of 60
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60/29 cu
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the product of alpha decay of 235/92
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231/90
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the symbol 0/-1e is a symbol used for
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beta particle
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The damaging effects of radiation on the body are a result of
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the formation of unstable ions or radicals
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Which is NOT a way to minimize your exposure to radiation?
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staying a longer time.
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a nuclear equation is balanced when
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the sum of mass equal to the sum of atomic number and particles are same on both sides of equation.
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in the nuclear equation of a beta emitter
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the new nucleus contains 1 more proton
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What is the radioactive particle released in the following nuclear equation? 90/38 sr→90/39Y ⁺?
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beta particle
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What is the radiation particle used in the bombardment of nitrogen -14?
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neutron
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A patient recieves 4x10³ mrads of iodine -131 how may rems did the patient recieve?
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4
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why is it important that radioisotopes used in diagnostic tests have short half-lives?
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to minimize the harmful effects of the radiation.
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a positron is a particle emitted from the nucleus that has the same mass as a
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electron but has a positives charge
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the dosage of technetium -99m for myocardial imaging is 280
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18mci
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A patient recieves 3.0 mL of solution containing technetium -99 for a breast image. what is the dose received by the patient?
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28.5 mCi
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the half life of a radioisotope is
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the time it takes for 1/2 sample to decay
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krypton -79 has a half life of 35 hours. How many half-lives have passed after 105 hours
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3 half lives
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in the sun nuclei of hydrogen combine to form a larger nucleus and release a great amount of energy. The process is known as
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fusion
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if absorbed internally, alpha particle emitters are the most damaging because alpha particles
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have the greatest mass
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radium -226 decays by alpha emission to
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radon -222
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the most widely used medical isotope in nuclear medicine is
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TC-99m
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compounds that have the same molecular formula but different arrangements of atoms are called
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isomers
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in three-dimenional structure of methane, CH₄, the hydrogen atoms attached to a carbon atom are aligned
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at the corners of a tetrahedron
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what is the name of this compound? Cl CH₃-C H-CH₂-CH₂-Cl
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1,3 dichlorobutane
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Most organic compounds have
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a low melting point
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The functional group contained in the compound CH₃-CH₂-O-CH₂-CH₃ is a
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ether
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the functional group contained in compound CH₃-CH₂-NH₂ is an
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amine
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carbon atoms always have how may covalent bonds
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4
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the carbon atoms in saturated hydrocarbons
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have only single bonds
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What is the name of this compound CH₃-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₃
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pentane
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what are the products of the complete combustion of any hydrocarbon
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CO₂ + H₂O
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What is the name of the alkyl group CH₃-CH₂-CH₂
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propyl (pro=3, yl =alkyl)
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which of the following compounds could have the molecular C₇H₁₆
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2,3 dimethylpentane
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which of the following pairs of compounds of isomers?
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same atoms (molecular formulas) but different dimensional arrangements
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what is the name for a two carbon saturated alkyl group
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ethyl
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what is the name for a five carbon continuous chane alkane
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pentane
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what is prefix for a nine-carbon continous alkane?
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nonane
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when drawing a structural formula the first step is to draw
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the main carbon chain
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lipids are not organic compounds
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false
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functional groups always contain atoms other than just carbon and hydrogen
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false
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mineral oil is a liquid hydrocarbon used as a laxative and lubricant in medical practice
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true
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1
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meth
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2
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eth
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3
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pro
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4
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but
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5
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pent
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6
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hex
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7
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hept
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8
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oct
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9
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non
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10
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dec
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alchohlic beverages contain
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ethanol
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low mass alcohols are suluble in water because they hydrogen with the water
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tru
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alcohols have low boiling points
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false
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alcohols have a odor burning nasal passages
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false
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simplest form of alcohol is
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methanol
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covalent compounds containing one or more -OH groups are called
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alcohols
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if the name of a compound ends in ol that compound contains a hydroxyl group and is called a
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alcohol
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cholesterol, tocopherol (vitamin E) , retinol (vitamin A) are all
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alcohol
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You can find high concentration of myoglobin in muscles of sea animals
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true
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the - contains hydrogen bonds that form between N-H group and C=O group.
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alpha helix
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The primary structure of a protein determine its secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structure.
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True
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When cells die and come off our body our bodies need new healthy tissue to replace them such as skin, hair, nails
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true
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How many vitamins are currently universally recognized
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13
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the first 2 named vitamins were
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a, b
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water soluble vitamins lead to hypervitaminosis
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false
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A vitamisosis disease is caused by vitamins
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false
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the point where enzymes are most active is known as the - pH.
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optimum
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what is the cause for enzyme inhibition with a noncompetive inhibitor?
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the substrate and no fit or does not fit properly
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enzymes are commonly named by adding a suffix -ide to the root of the subtrate molecule it is acting upon
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false
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the only substrate that fits the active site of sucrase is
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sucrose
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the two coenzymes that are special to glucose catabolism are
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NAD and FAD
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most enzymes have names ending in
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ase
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lactase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of
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lactose
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which enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of maltose
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maltase
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a hydrocarbon with a double bond is
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alkene
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which of the following compounds is an alkyne
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CH₃₋CH₂-C=CH
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the IUPAC name for CH₃-CH₂-C C-CH₃ is
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2-pentyne
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what is condensed structural formula for the compound 3-hexene?
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CH3-CH2- CH=CH-CH2-CH3
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what is the condensed structural formula for the product of the dydrogenation of 2-butene using a platinum catalyst?
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CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₃
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small molecules that make up the repeat unit in polymers are called
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monomers
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a compound that contains ring structures of benzene is called a
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aromatic compounds
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insects communicate with chemicals called
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pheromones
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is a cis alkene, the groups are on the same side of the double bone
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true
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hydrogeneration of unsaturated vegetable oils raises the melting point and makes them more solid
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true
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one essential building block of aspirin ibuprophen and acetaminophen is the benzene ring?
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true
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which of the following compounds is an alcohol?
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OH CH₃-CH₂-O-CH₂-CH₃
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alcohols contain which functional group?
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hydroxyl
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in the dehydration of an alcohol to an alkene, what is produced in addition to the alkene?
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water
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three functional groups found in this compound are
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alcohol, ether, ketone
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which of the following objects is chiral? assume that each object has no markings or printings
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glove
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cycloalkanols are straight chain alcohols?
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false
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ethers can only be straight chain compounds
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false
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the suffix -al indicates an aldehde in the IUPAC system of naming
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true
