question

few; price

answer

An oligopoly has ____ sellers and must consider the decisions of its rivals in determining its own ____ and output

question

four (pure competition, pure monopoly, monopolistic competition, and oligopoly)

answer

Economists group industries into ____ distinct market structures

question

differentiation; monopolistic

answer

Product ____ distinguishes ____ competition from all other market structures.

question

marginal revenue minus average total cost multiplied by quantity price minus average total cost multiplied by quantity

answer

In pure competition, a firm's economic profit is equal to:

question

a zero; a normal

answer

From an economic standpoint, the break-even point is the level of output at which a firm makes ____ profit

question

pure

answer

____ competition is considered to be rare in the real world

question

cannot change market price, it can only adjust to it

answer

A firm operating in a purely competitive market is a price taker because it:

question

few ____ oligopoly very large number ____ pure competition one ____ monopoly large number (many) ____ monopolistic competition

answer

Match each market structure with the correct number of firms that dominate its industry few ____ pure competition one ____ oligopoly very large number ____ monopoly large number ____ monopolistic competition

question

revenue; marginal

answer

In a purely competition market, price per unit to the purchaser is synonymous with ____ per unit or ____ revenue to a seller

question

$393 and $131 put them all on the table (fig. 8.1 p. 166)

answer

in this graph, the first unit of output sold increases total revenue from zero to $131. the second unit sold increases total revenue form $131 to $262 and marginal revenue is again $131. the third unit sold increases total revenue to ____ and marginal revenue is now ____

question

loss-minimizing rule profit-maximizing rule

answer

The MR = MC rule is know as the:

question

the additional or extra revenue that an additional or extra unit of output contributes to total revenue

answer

Which of the following best describes marginal revenue

question

the rule can be re-stated as P=MC when applied to a purely competitive firm because product price and MR are equal the rule is an accurate guide to profit maximization for all firms regardless of their market structure When MR is equal to MC at a fractional level of output the last complete unit of output should be produced where MR > MC The rule applies only if producing is referable to shutting down

answer

Which of the following are true about the profit-maximizing rule of MR = MC

question

equal; variable; total; fixed

answer

If price is ____ to the firm's minimum average ____ cost, the firm will cover its ____ variable cost and its loss will equal only its total ____ cost

question

P4 where MC intercept ATC

answer

The price at which the firm will break-even or where it earns a normal profit, but not an economic profit is

question

P1 where MC lower than AVC

answer

at which price will a firm shut down

question

supply

answer

The marginal cost curve is the firm's short-run ____ curve

question

Technology Price of variable inputs

answer

Which of the following factors will alter costs and shift the marginal cost or short-run supply curve to a new location

question

perfectly

answer

A _____ competitive firm's average-revenue schedule is also known as its demand schedule.

question

total revenue

answer

A firm's price multiplied by the quantity of output or goods produced equal

question

upward; to the left

answer

A wage increase would increase marginal costs and shift the supply curve

question

elastic

answer

in a perfectly competitive market, the demand curve for an individual firm is perfectly _____ at the market price

question

it is the sum of the supply curves of all the firms in the industry and has an important bearing on price

answer

Which of the following describes the purely competitive industry's supply curve

question

taker

answer

A purely competitive firm is a price _____

question

What economic profit or loss will we realize if we produce this product If we produce this product, in what amount Should we produce this product

answer

Confronted with the market price of its product, a purely competitive producer will ask which three questions

question

false

answer

True or false: Because of the law of diminishing returns, marginal costs eventually fall as more units of output are produced.

question

. Quantity supplied increases in direct response to an increase in product price and desire to maximize profit . Because marginal costs rise with increased output, a purely competitive firm must get higher prices to motivate it to produce more output . At greater levels of output. the higher marginal costs equal the product price and marginal revenue and profit is maximized

answer

Which of the following are all true statements about perfectly competitive firms

question

increase

answer

The quantity of a product supplied by a firm in pure competition should _____ as long as price rises

question

profit; losses

answer

There are two ways to determine the level of output at which a firm will realize maximum economic _____ or minimum economic _____

question

false a pure monopoly involves one firm or seller producing a single unique product

answer

True or false: a pure monopoly involves a very large number of firms producing a single unique product

question

slopes downward this question refers to the market demand curve, not the individual demand curve for a purely competitive firm

answer

The market demand curve for a purely competitive industry:

question

price

answer

Within pure competition, an individual firm would not be able to affect _____ in that industry by simply changing its output

question

fixed; variable

answer

in the short run, the firm has a _____ plant and therefore, can adjust its output only through changes in the amount of ______ resources it uses.

question

false A purely competitive firm will maximize profit by producing up the point where marginal revenue is equal to marginal cost if the market price exceeds the minimum average cost

answer

True or false: A purely competitive firm in the short run will maximize profit by producing up to the point where marginal revenue is equal to marginal cost if the market price is less than minimum average variable cost

question

variable; greater than

answer

A firm should stop producing if its average _____ cost is _____ price

question

$69.50

answer

At a profit-maximizing level of output of 25 units, a perfectly competitive firm's marginal revenue is $4, average variable cost is $.30, average total cost is $1.22 and marginal cost is $3.75 this firm's economic profit equal

question

false A firm with pure competition will maximize its profit when total revenue is maximized over total cost

answer

True or false: A firm within pure competition will maximize its profits when total cost is maximized over total revenue

question

One firm selling a single unique product, where entry of additional firm is blocked and product differentiation is not an issue

answer

Which of the following best describes a pure monopoly

question

. The tenth unit should not be produced as it adds more to marginal cost ($150) than to revenue ($131) . Every unit of output up to and including the ninth unit represents greater marginal revenue than marginal cost. . Each of the first nine units adds to the firm's profit and should be pruduced

answer

The profit-maximizing case, as illustrated in the table, shows which of the following

question

price takers

answer

Since firms within pure competition are _____ all or a majority of firms within an industry must agree to change output in order to affect price

question

market price exceeds average variable cost.

answer

In the short run, purely competitive firm will maximize profit by producing up the point where marginal revenue is equal to marginal cost if

question

. revenue; marginal cost . cost; price . revenue; price (MR=MC and MR=P, therefore, MC = P

answer

in a purely competitive industry at profit maximization marginal _____ is equal to _____

question

An industry involving a very large number of firms producing identical products and in which new firm can enter or exit the industry very easily

answer

which of the following best describes pure competition

question

average recall the formula for profit or losses that states profit/loss = (price - ATC) x quantity. only when price is greater or above ATC can there be a profit

answer

When price is above ______ total cost, the firm incurs and economic profit

question

supply

answer

A purely competitive firm can maximize its economic profit (or minimize its loss) only by adjusting its

question

total costs increase at a decreasing rate as the firm uses its fixed resources more efficiently, but start to rise because of diminishing returns

answer

Which of the following explains why the rate of increase in total costs varies with the relative efficiency of the firm

question

What is her ATC per poster if she prints 1000 500 + 1000 / 1000 = 1.50 What is her ATC per poster if she prints 2000 500 + 1000 + 800 / 2000 = 1.15 What is her ATC per poster if she prints 10,000 500 + 1000 + 800 + (750 * 8) / 10,000 = .83 if the market price fell to 0.70 cents per poster, would there be any output level at which Karen would not shut down production immediately? NO

answer

Karen runs a print shop that makes posters for large companies. It is a very competitive business. The market price is currently $1.00 per poster. She has fixed cost of $500. Her variable costs are $1,000 for the first thousand poster, $800 for second thousand posters, and then $750 for each additional thousand posters

Chapter 8 Pure Competition – Flashcards

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