Chapter 6: Conformity and Obedience
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Milgram's experiment seems to have made use of which technique?
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foot-in-door
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Asch's studies of conformity show that
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many people tend to conform even to temporary groups.
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According to the text, personality predicts behavior when social influences are
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weak
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A concern for _______ produces normative influence, while a concern for _______ produces informational influence.
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social image; being correct
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According to conformity research, a group's social power is deflated when
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just one other person also differs from the majority.
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In Milgram's research, when the experimenter gave the commands by telephone instead of in person, full obedience
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dropped to 21 percent.
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David still thinks that the group is making a big mistake, but he decides to give into the pressure and go along with what they decide. This change is best described as
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Compliance
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Acting in accord with a direct order is called
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compliance
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A motive to protect or restore one's sense of freedom is called
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Reactance
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How did Asch's studies of conformity differ from those of Sherif?
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Asche's participants could clearly see the correct judgement.
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A psychiatrist who interviewed 40 of Milgram's participants a year after their participation concluded that
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none have been harmed
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According to Myers, an unchallenged assumption in individualistic Western nations is that _______ is good and _______ is bad.
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individualism; conformity
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Conformity is greater when people feel incompetent. This pattern reflects
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informational influence
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A change in behavior or belief to accord with others is called
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conformity
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In a variation of the Milgram study, the learner was in the same room as the teacher. Under these conditions
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there was a decrease compliance to a shock
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In one variation of his original experiment, Milgram arranged for a confederate \"clerk\" (posing as a fellow participant) to assume command in the experimenter's absence. As a result of this manipulation,
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80 percent of the teachers refused to comply fully.
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Conformity based on a person's desire to fulfill others' expectations, often to gain their acceptance, is called
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normative influence
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Bearman and Bruckner (2001) found that teens who made a public virginity-till-marriage pledge became somewhat more likely to remain sexually abstinent than similar teens who do not make the pledge. This is an example of how
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public commitment reduces susceptibility to social influence.
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A classmate across the room yawns and then several other students yawn. This is an example of
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the chameleon effect.
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A person who both acts and believes in accord with social pressure is demonstrating
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acceptance
