question

What did historian Fredrick Jackson Turner argue about the importance of the western frontier in American history in 1893?

answer

The western frontier made the U.S. Different from Europe.

question

Why did the U.s government decide to move Indians to reservations around the mid 19 centiry?

answer

The governments policy of Indian removal further west was no longer practical because western land was no longer inexhaustible.

question

What was the outcome of Native Americans settlement on reservation in the late 19th century?

answer

They came to depend on government assistance

question

Which group or groups decimated the buffalo herds on the Great Plains in late 19th century

answer

Both buffalo hunters hired by the railroads and irresponsible sportsman.

question

Which of the following describes the Indian wars on the Great Plains after the civil war?

answer

The wars began when euro American settlers invaded Native American lands

question

Which of the following describes the state of the Native American population in the continental US by 1900?

answer

The Native population had fallen to 250000 from an estimated 15 million at the time of the first contract with Europeans.

question

What was the comstock lode?

answer

The richest vein of silver ore found on the North American continent

question

In a speech to a group of reformers in 1892, Richard Pratt describes the vices of reservations and the virtues of schooling that would bring young native Americans into the mainstream of American society. What was his policy referred to as?

answer

Citizenize

question

Which group or groups composed the population of the area from the Great Plains to the Pacific Ocean during the last decades of the 19th century?

answer

People from various parts of Europe Asia and the Americas.

question

For what reason we're African American troops serving in the west during the Indian wars known as buffalo soldiers?

answer

Native Americans thought their hair resembled that of the bison.

question

Chinese workers made up what proportion of the workforce that build Americas first transcontinental railroad?

answer

90%

question

What was the purpose of the Chinese exclusionary act of 1882?

answer

To decrease the Chinese population of the American west

question

Manifest destiny-the belief that the U.S. Had a God given right to aggressively spread the values of white civilization and expand the nation from ocean to ocean was used to justify which of the following?

answer

Removal of the 5 civilized tribes to oaklahoma Colonize Texas Conquer California, Arizona, New Mexico and parts of Utah and Colorado in the Mexican American war (All of the above)

question

Why did the federal government do so little to halt corruption and scandal in the western territories

answer

Distance, funding, and local hostility limited the governments ability to prosecute cases.

question

For what reason did hundreds of thousands of American migrate to the West in the three decades after 1807?

answer

To own their own land

question

Which of the following describes how life in the agrarian West compared to life in the mining West?

answer

Equally speculative and exploitative

question

Which of the following characterizes life for women on the western frontier in the late 19th century?

answer

They were forced to work hard to accomplish even the simplest tasks

question

What did the state and federal governments do to encourage railroad construction in the decades after the Civil War?

answer

They gave railroad companies 180 million acres of public land

question

What did settlers passing through the western portion of Kansas and Nebraska and the eastern portion of Colorado in the years after 1870 call the area?

answer

The Great American Desert

question

How did the invention of barbed wire revolutionize the cattle industry?

answer

The wire allowed ranchers to fence in their cattle

question

Between 1870 and 1900, the population of rural America shrank from 80 percent to 66 percent while the agricultural sector of the economy experienced what change?

answer

It grew through mechanization, commercialization, and expanding urban markets

question

By the late 19th century, farmers were no longer the self-sufficient yeomen anchoring the Republic as originally described by which of the following men?

answer

Thomas Jefferson

question

Which of the following describes the Gilded Age?

answer

An era marked by personal greed and a corrupt partnership between business and politics

question

Which of the following development was a key factor in the rise of the Gilded Age?

answer

The growth of industrialism in the United States

question

Which of the following big businesses came to dominate American life in the second half of the 19th century?

answer

Railroading

question

Which of the following factors boosted 19th century railroad construction in America significantly?

answer

Monetary aid and land grants from federal and state governments

question

John D. Rockefeller first organized Standard Oil as a trust to

answer

Control the key elements of production and corner the market for oil

question

In her "History of the Standard Oil Company" published in "McClure's Magazine", Ida M. Tarbell characterized John D. Rockefeller as

answer

The man whose business methods made him a symbol of heartless monopoly capitalism

question

The industries that grew up around the revolutionary inventions of Alexander Graham Bell and Thomas Alva Edison demonstrated that:

answer

The age of the inventor was becoming the age of the corporation

question

The turn of the 20th century saw individual entrepreneurship in the United States yield to:

answer

Finance capitalism

question

Prominent business leaders of the late 19th century, such as J.P. Morgan, believed:

answer

Consolidation and central control were preferable to competition

question

What is an oligopoly?

answer

A competitive business system in which several large companies control production in an industry

question

What idea was promoted by the theory of social Darwinism in the late 19th century?

answer

Progress is the result of competition, and social reforms and other modes of human interference impede progress

question

What message did Andrew Carnegie promote in his gospel of wealth?

answer

Millionaires should be trustees and agents for the poor

question

The economic theory of laissez-faire gained political clout in the late 19th century because:

answer

The Supreme Court increasingly was reinterpreting the Constitution to protect business

question

Which of the following factors explains the high voter turnout in national elections during the last three decades of the 19th century?

answer

Voting was an important way to get a government job

question

To what did the term "solid South" refer in the decades after Reconstruction?

answer

The states of the old Confederacy, which voted Democratic in every election for the next 70 years

question

What was evident in the call for a New South in the decades after Reconstruction?

answer

The desire among some Southerners to shift from an agicultural economy to an industrial one

question

How did American women respond to the denial of their right to vote in the late 19th century?

answer

Women participated in the political pocess through the antilynching, suffrage, and temperance movements

question

Why were most people looking for government jobs in the 1880s worried about having to pass an examination to quality?

answer

Few potential employees had enough education to pass a written examination

question

The tariff posed a threat to America's prosperity in the 1880s because:

answer

It created a surplus that was not used to produce goods and services

question

Democrats dubbed the Republican-dominated 51st Congress the "Billion Dollar Congress" because it spent the nation's budget surplus on:

answer

Lawmakers' own constituents

question

How effective was the Interstate Commerce Commission, the nation's first federal regulatory agency?

answer

It was so weak in its early years that it served as little more than a historical precedent

question

When advocates of bimetallism referred to the crime of '73, they were talking about:

answer

The decision by Congress in 1873 to stop buying and minting silver

question

Between 1870 and 1900, most settlers moved west to:

answer

Improve their economic situation

question

The Great Plains presented farmers with one problem not faced by farmers of earlier American frontiers. It was:

answer

Scarce water and timber

question

In what year was the first transcontinental railroad completed

answer

1869

question

The Homestead Act of 1862 did which of the following?

answer

Promised 160 acres free to any citizen who settled on the land for five years

question

Exodusters were:

answer

Southern blacks who went west to settle

question

The explicit linking of manhood with citizenship and voting rights in the Constitution marked a major set back for reformers who supported the vote for women. Which of the following female leaders lamented the introduction of the word "male" into the Fourteenth Amendment?

answer

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

Chapter 17 & 18 (U.S History 2) – Flashcards

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