question

According to the views of Carl Rogers, what is an important component in therapy?

answer

Empathy with the patient

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Sarah has just received her first treatment of electroconvulsive therapy. She is most likely to

answer

experience amnesia and confusion for an hour after the treatment.

question

What is usually used as a placebo in a study of psychosocial treatments?

answer

A wait list

question

Chrissy and her therapist together wrote a list of ten scenes involving Chrissy's fear of flying. After teaching her a relaxation technique, Chrissy's therapist told her to imagine herself in the least frightening scene while she made herself feel relaxed. Chrissy was undergoing

answer

systematic desensitization.

question

Humanistic-experiential therapies are based in the belief that psychopathology is a result of

answer

lack of fulfillment.

question

Which of the following is a form of behavior therapy that is commonly used in the treatment of anxiety disorders?

answer

Systematic desensitization

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Oscar has been prescribed the following drugs over the years: Valium, Serax, Xanax, and Ativan. We can guess that Oscar has had problems with

answer

anxiety and insomnia.

question

A doctor prescribing lithium should NEVER say

answer

"We are going to 'target dose' your lithium: When you feel symptoms coming on, take your medication."

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The mechanisms of antidepressant medications suggests that

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changes in cellular functioning are necessary to alleviate the symptoms of depression.

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Valium exerts its anxiolytic effects by increasing the activity of

answer

GABA.

question

Dennis has disorganized type of schizophrenia. He has lived in an institution for years. He rarely shows any attempt at socializing. A new program is started - every time Dennis speaks to another person he is given a piece of red paper. At the end of each week, he can use the red papers to get cigarettes or extra privileges. This new program is

answer

a token economy.

question

Which of the following is an advantage of using Beck's cognitive treatment for depression, as compared to drugs?

answer

The likelihood of relapse is decreased.

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Which of the following is a type of "classical antidepressant"?

answer

monoamine oxidase inhibitors

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ECT has been found to be an effective treatment for

answer

depression.

question

The basic assumption of cognitive-behavior therapy is

answer

problems develop because people view themselves and their world in biased ways.

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Suzanne is taking a benzodiazepine to treat her anxiety. She should be concerned that

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she may become physically dependent on the drug.

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Research on the impact of matching the client's race and ethnicity with the therapist's indicates that

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there is no solid evidence that outcomes are diminished when client and therapist are not matched.

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Psychodynamic interpersonally oriented therapies agree with classical psychoanalysis in the importance of

answer

understanding the present in terms of the past.

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A token economy is

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a type of contingency management.

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The newer antianxiety drug Buspar has the advantage that

answer

it has a low potential for abuse.

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Which of the following is a disadvantage of psychotherapy?

answer

It takes time.

question

When asked what their orientation is, what do most of today's psychotherapists say?

answer

Eclectic

question

How has psychodynamic therapy changed over time?

answer

It focuses on all relationships, not just early experiences.

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What has research on the use of a combined approach to the treatment of depression demonstrated?

answer

Medication in combination with therapy yields the best results.

question

What two professional groups deal extensively with emotional problems but typically do not have specific training in counseling?

answer

Physicians and the clergy

question

The text reported the case of a 6-year-old boy who hated school and showed off in class. His parents and teacher were instructed to ignore the showing-off behavior while reinforcing appropriate behavior. This is an example of

answer

systematic use of reinforcement.

question

Today, neurosurgery

answer

is used as a last resort and involves the destruction of only tiny areas of the brain.

question

Andrea begins therapy and expects that the therapy will help her. This expectancy

answer

may be enough by itself to produce positive change.

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According to rational-emotive behavior therapy, which of the following is one of the irrational beliefs at the core of psychological maladjustment?

answer

One should be thoroughly competent and intelligent in all respects.

question

A clinical psychologist who said that maladaptive behaviors are shared between members of a relationship and not just the responsibility of an individual would be in harmony with therapists who take the ________ approach.

answer

family therapy

question

Lawrence, a hypochondriac, gains a great deal of attention from his family when he complains about health problems; they tend to ignore him when he talks about other topics. A behavior therapist has instructed the family to reverse these responses: ignore the complaints and reinforce other topics. What kind of treatment does this best illustrate?

answer

Contingency management

question

Which of the following is an advantage of behavior therapy?

answer

It usually achieves results in a relatively short period of time.

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____________________ is not a problem associated with the benzodiazepines.

answer

Tardive dyskinesia

question

Which of the following is a criticism of humanistic-experiential therapies?

answer

Goals are not clear

question

The use of electroconvulsive therapy can be traced to

answer

the belief that schizophrenia and epilepsy are rarely comorbid disorders.

question

For which client is behavior therapy most likely to be effective?

answer

Wilson, whose complaint is fear of spiders.

question

A randomized clinical trial

answer

is a study where people are assigned to different groups by a flip of a coin, one-half to a treatment group and one-half to a seemingly identical placebo group.

question

Abby is participating in cognitive-behavioral therapy to treat her depression. Her therapist

answer

will help her conduct "experiments" to test a variety of hypotheses about the accuracy of her cognitions.

question

Cognitive-behavioral therapy

answer

assumes that thinking influences emotion, motivation, and behavior.

question

The advantage of using outside independent observers or pre/post test comparisons to evaluate a client's progress is that

answer

they increase the objectivity of ratings over those given by the people involved in treatment.

question

Which of the following would be the most objective way of evaluating treatment success?

answer

Measuring the change in through personality tests and other instruments

question

While most antianxiety drugs act on ________, Buspar acts primarily on ________.

answer

GABA; serotonin

question

How commonly are medications and therapy combined today?

answer

Research suggests that over half of those in treatment receive both psychotherapy and medication.

question

Yuko is painfully shy. Her therapist first shows her appropriate social skills so she can interact competently with others. Then Yuko attempts the same behavior while getting feedback. This illustrates the behavior therapy technique called

answer

modeling.

question

The outcome of psychotherapy is usually dependent on whether the therapist and client achieve

answer

a productive working alliance.

question

An analysis of brief psychodynamic psychotherapy found that

answer

there is great promise in it for borderline personality disorder.

question

In structural family therapy,

answer

the therapist initially acts like one of the family and participates in family interactions.

question

Individuals vary tremendously in their degree of motivation for psychological treatment. Which of the following is likely to be the most motivated?

answer

Harvey, who is going through a job layoff and feels overwhelmed by the crisis.

question

Traditional behavioral couples therapy

answer

uses training in communication skills and problems solving to increase caring behaviors in couples.

question

The conventional antipsychotic drugs have a problematic side effect involving abnormal movement. This side effect is called

answer

tardive dyskinesia.

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