Chapter 16 questions Test Questions – Flashcards
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Humanistic-experiential therapies are based in the belief that psychopathology is a result of
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lack of fulfillment.
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Which of the following is a form of behavior therapy that is commonly used in the treatment of anxiety disorders?
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Systematic desensitization
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Oscar has been prescribed the following drugs over the years: Valium, Serax, Xanax, and Ativan. We can guess that Oscar has had problems with
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anxiety and insomnia.
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A doctor prescribing lithium should NEVER say
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"We are going to 'target dose' your lithium: When you feel symptoms coming on, take your medication."
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The mechanisms of antidepressant medications suggests that
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changes in cellular functioning are necessary to alleviate the symptoms of depression.
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Valium exerts its anxiolytic effects by increasing the activity of
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GABA.
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Dennis has disorganized type of schizophrenia. He has lived in an institution for years. He rarely shows any attempt at socializing. A new program is started - every time Dennis speaks to another person he is given a piece of red paper. At the end of each week, he can use the red papers to get cigarettes or extra privileges. This new program is
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a token economy.
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Which of the following is an advantage of using Beck's cognitive treatment for depression, as compared to drugs?
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The likelihood of relapse is decreased.
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Which of the following is a type of "classical antidepressant"?
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monoamine oxidase inhibitors
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ECT has been found to be an effective treatment for
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depression.
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The basic assumption of cognitive-behavior therapy is
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problems develop because people view themselves and their world in biased ways.
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Suzanne is taking a benzodiazepine to treat her anxiety. She should be concerned that
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she may become physically dependent on the drug.
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Research on the impact of matching the client's race and ethnicity with the therapist's indicates that
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there is no solid evidence that outcomes are diminished when client and therapist are not matched.
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Psychodynamic interpersonally oriented therapies agree with classical psychoanalysis in the importance of
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understanding the present in terms of the past.
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A token economy is
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a type of contingency management.
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The newer antianxiety drug Buspar has the advantage that
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it has a low potential for abuse.
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Which of the following is a disadvantage of psychotherapy?
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It takes time.
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When asked what their orientation is, what do most of today's psychotherapists say?
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Eclectic
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How has psychodynamic therapy changed over time?
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It focuses on all relationships, not just early experiences.
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What has research on the use of a combined approach to the treatment of depression demonstrated?
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Medication in combination with therapy yields the best results.
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What two professional groups deal extensively with emotional problems but typically do not have specific training in counseling?
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Physicians and the clergy
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The text reported the case of a 6-year-old boy who hated school and showed off in class. His parents and teacher were instructed to ignore the showing-off behavior while reinforcing appropriate behavior. This is an example of
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systematic use of reinforcement.
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Today, neurosurgery
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is used as a last resort and involves the destruction of only tiny areas of the brain.
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Andrea begins therapy and expects that the therapy will help her. This expectancy
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may be enough by itself to produce positive change.
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According to rational-emotive behavior therapy, which of the following is one of the irrational beliefs at the core of psychological maladjustment?
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One should be thoroughly competent and intelligent in all respects.
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A clinical psychologist who said that maladaptive behaviors are shared between members of a relationship and not just the responsibility of an individual would be in harmony with therapists who take the ________ approach.
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family therapy
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Lawrence, a hypochondriac, gains a great deal of attention from his family when he complains about health problems; they tend to ignore him when he talks about other topics. A behavior therapist has instructed the family to reverse these responses: ignore the complaints and reinforce other topics. What kind of treatment does this best illustrate?
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Contingency management
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Which of the following is an advantage of behavior therapy?
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It usually achieves results in a relatively short period of time.
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____________________ is not a problem associated with the benzodiazepines.
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Tardive dyskinesia
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Which of the following is a criticism of humanistic-experiential therapies?
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Goals are not clear
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The use of electroconvulsive therapy can be traced to
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the belief that schizophrenia and epilepsy are rarely comorbid disorders.
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For which client is behavior therapy most likely to be effective?
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Wilson, whose complaint is fear of spiders.
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A randomized clinical trial
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is a study where people are assigned to different groups by a flip of a coin, one-half to a treatment group and one-half to a seemingly identical placebo group.
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Abby is participating in cognitive-behavioral therapy to treat her depression. Her therapist
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will help her conduct "experiments" to test a variety of hypotheses about the accuracy of her cognitions.
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Cognitive-behavioral therapy
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assumes that thinking influences emotion, motivation, and behavior.
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The advantage of using outside independent observers or pre/post test comparisons to evaluate a client's progress is that
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they increase the objectivity of ratings over those given by the people involved in treatment.
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Which of the following would be the most objective way of evaluating treatment success?
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Measuring the change in through personality tests and other instruments
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While most antianxiety drugs act on ________, Buspar acts primarily on ________.
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GABA; serotonin
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How commonly are medications and therapy combined today?
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Research suggests that over half of those in treatment receive both psychotherapy and medication.
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Yuko is painfully shy. Her therapist first shows her appropriate social skills so she can interact competently with others. Then Yuko attempts the same behavior while getting feedback. This illustrates the behavior therapy technique called
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modeling.
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The outcome of psychotherapy is usually dependent on whether the therapist and client achieve
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a productive working alliance.
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An analysis of brief psychodynamic psychotherapy found that
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there is great promise in it for borderline personality disorder.
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In structural family therapy,
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the therapist initially acts like one of the family and participates in family interactions.
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Individuals vary tremendously in their degree of motivation for psychological treatment. Which of the following is likely to be the most motivated?
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Harvey, who is going through a job layoff and feels overwhelmed by the crisis.
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Traditional behavioral couples therapy
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uses training in communication skills and problems solving to increase caring behaviors in couples.
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The conventional antipsychotic drugs have a problematic side effect involving abnormal movement. This side effect is called
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tardive dyskinesia.
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