Chapter 15, Section 2: Evidence of Evolution – Flashcards
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New features that did not appear in the fossils of ancestors.
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Derived Trait
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More common features that appear in the fossils of ancestors.
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Ancestral Trait
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Anatomically alike structures that are inherited from and ancestor.
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Homologous Structure
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Structures that are like functional structures in other animals, but are reduced forms.
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Vestigial Structure
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Structures that are made the same way, and have similar purposes but are not from a common ancestor
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Analogous Structure
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Early pre-birth stage of stage of an organisms development.
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Embryo
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The study of the dispersion of plants and animals around the earth.
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Biogeography
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A measure of the relative contribution an organisms individual trait makes it to the next generation.
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Fitness
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The ability to blend in with the environments around you. Some species are born with natural camouflage.
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Camouflage
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When one species evolves to look like or copy the looks of another.
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Mimicry
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A spandrel example is a prominent trait that does not increase reproductive success. Meaning that it stands out and has a purpose, but it doesn't affect anything.
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Spandrel Example
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Fossils provide a record of organisms that lived in the past. They show some of the most significant evidences of evolution. By doing this they tell us whether a species has changed over time, or stayed the same.
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How do fossils provide evidence of evolution?
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Morphology shows us animals have changed over time to develop adaptations such as camouflage, which allows them to blend in with their surroundings.
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How does morphology provide evidences of evolution?
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Data shows common ancestry can be seen in the complex metabolic molecules many different organisms share. If an organism has slight variations in its amino acid sequence, the it has changed very little over time.
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How does biochemistry provide evidences of evolution?
