Chapter 12-World Geography – Flashcards
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how might land forms and resources have helped make Europe rich and powerful?
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trade was common and resources supported the industry
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why can Europe be called a "peninsula of peninsulas"?
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it has many smaller peninsulas
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What European islands are located in the North Atlantic?
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Great Britain, Ireland, Iceland, and Greenland
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What are the large upland areas of Spain and France?
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Meseta and the Massif Central
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how do the mountains and uplands affect life in Europe?
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makes it difficult for people, goods, and ideas to move easily from one place to another and it affect weather
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Where does the Danube flow?
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cuts through the heart of Europe from west to east into the Black Sea
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How are rivers used in Europe?
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they are used to transport goods and people create links between regions and with the world
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What is the most important plain in Europe, and why is it important?
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The Northern European Plain, it is one of the most fertile agricultural regions of the world, and it is a very desirable agricultural land that has produced vast qualities of food over centuries but it is an avenue for invasion
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Where are some other plains in Europe? What resources does Europe have in abundance?
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Sweden, Hungary, and Lombardy in northern Italy have coal and iron ore
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Why are those resources important?
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they are essential for making steel
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Why do the Irish burn peat?
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because Ireland lacks energy sources, so they cut up peat from large beds and burn them to use them as fuel
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what kind of climatic and natural land forms act as tourist attractions?
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The Sunny Mediterranean beaches, snowy mountains, hot springs, and sunny beaches
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what is the North Atlantic Drift, and how does it affect temperature and rainfall?
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is a current of warm water from the tropics, it flows near Europe's west coast. the prevailing westerlies which blow west to east, pick up warmth from this current and carry it over to Europe, they also carry moisture giving the region adequate rainfall
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what extremes of climate are common in northeastern and East Central Europe?
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summers are warm and hot and winters are snowy and cold
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what moderating climatic influence is lacking?
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The warm westerlies winds produced by the North Atlantic Drift
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What parts of Europe benefit from the Mediterranean climate?
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southern Spain and France through Italy to Greece and other parts of the Balkan Peninsula
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how are the mistral and the sirocco similar?
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they are both strong Mediterranean winds; mistral is cold and dry in the winter, and sirocco is hot during the summer
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why do trees not grow in upper Scandinavia?
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the subsoil is always frozen, also known as permafrost
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What vegetation grows in the land The Midnight Sun?
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moss and lichens
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how does climate affect agriculture in Scandinavia?
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limits agriculture to southern Scandinavia
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what is a polder?
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land in Netherlands that is drained and dried
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What is remarkable about the Zuider Zee?
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The transforming of the sea, it was an arm of the northern sea and is now a fresh water lake
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why is water transport so important in Venice?
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because the city is made up of islands and canals
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why did Venice grow?
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on the Adriatic Sea and its a good location for a port and for trade
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What problems face Venice today?
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sinking, pollution, flooding, and algae
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what actions have led to deforestation in Europe?
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The clearing of forests in Europe for fuel and building which has caused industrial pollution
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how is acid rain produced?
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the high amounts of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions combining with water vapor
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How much of Europe's forest land has been affected by acid rain?
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an estimated 1/4 of all European Forests
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list Europe's three major peninsulas
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Iberian, Italian, and Balkan Peninsula
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what is the most famous mountain chain in Europe?
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The Alps
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What does the Alps have?
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it has a very harsh climate, high elevation which reaches above 5,000 feet, and snow can reach up to 33 feet
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which Mountain divides the Italian peninsula from east to west?
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The Apennines Mountain
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what river flows 820 miles from the interior of Europe to the North Sea?
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The Rhine River
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name the most fertile agricultural region in the world-
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Northern European Plain
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where did the Olympic games start?
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Greece
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where does the marine west coast climate exist?
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Northern Spain, France, Germany, and Western Poland
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what does the Mediterranean region produce?
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citrus fruits, olives, grapes, and wheat
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what happens in the arctic circle of Scandinavia?
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there are winter days where the sun never rises and summer days where the sun never sets
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who built windmills?
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the dutch
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why did they build windmills?
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to power pumps and drain land
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how many islands are there in the city of Venice?
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120
