Chapter 11 – Politics and Reform Review – Flashcards
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The Interstate Commerce Commission was
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established to regulate interstate commerce
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Rebates and lower rates for shipping goods were
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not given to small businesses and farmers by the railroads in the late 1800's
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the Sherman Antitrust Act
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established a precedent in regulating corporations
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the Sherman Antirust Act
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declared trusts to be illegal
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the presidential election between 1876-96 were
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won by narrow margins
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half breeds were
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civil reformers
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under the Pendleton act
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people would gain government jobs according to their performance on examinations
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the Democracy party of the late 1800s was
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viewed as the party of personal liberty
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mugwumps were
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republican reformer who supported Cleveland for president
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in response to the ruling of Wabash v. Illinois
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congress created the Interstate Commerce Commision
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the McKinley Tariff
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resulted in a national budget deficit
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new technology
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helped farmer produce more crops, which tended to lower prices
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many farmers joined the Independent National Party because
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the party wanted the government to print more greenbacks
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the Farmers' Alliance cooperatives failed because
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they were too small to dramatically affect word prices for farm products and they loaned too much money at low interest rates that was never repaid
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the Populists hoped to beat the Democrats in the South by
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appealing to poor whites and poor blacks
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the Supreme Court set the stage for legalized segregation by
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overturning the Civil Rights Act of 1875
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Republicans of the late 1800s were viewed as
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the party of reform
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in 1876 and 1888, presidential candidates
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won the popular vote but still lost the election
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the Supreme Court case Wabash v. Illinois established the principle that
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only the federal government can regulate interstate commerce
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the Sherman Antitrust Act was not very effective initially because
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the courts were responsible for enforcement
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to get inflation under control after the Civil War
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the federal government started paying off its bonds and stopped printing greenbacks
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Passed in several western states, Granger laws
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limited railroad rates
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supporters of the subtreasury plan believed
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that it would force crop prices up
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populists in the 1892 elections called for
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federal ownership of railroads and a graduated income tax
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unlike the North, segregation in the South
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was enforced by law
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in a newspaper article, Ida Wells
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reported that three African American grocers in Memphis had been lynch because they had competed successfully against white grocers
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Grover Cleveland
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pushed through the repeal of the Sherman Silver Purchase Act
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Goldbugs
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believed that American currency should be based only on gold
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Silverites
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believed that unlimited amounts of silver coins would solve the economic crisis
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Lynchings
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were executions carried out by a mob without allowing the accused to appear in court
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Booker T. Washington
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expressed the ideas that became known as the Atlanta Compromise
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James A. Garfield
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was assassinated a few months into his presidency
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Chester A. Arthur
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was a stalwart who supported the Pendleton Act
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Jim Crow
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character popularized by a slaver-era stage performer
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Plessy v. Ferguson
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established the doctrine of "separate but equal"
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Atlanta compromise
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stated that African Americans should pursue economic goals before political goals
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the grandfather clause
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was used to prevent many African Americans from voting
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"the Crome of '73"
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referred to the decision to stop minting silver coins
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William McKinley
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waged a "front porch campaign" in the 1896 election
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Benjamin "Pap" Singleton
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organized the African American mass migration to Kansas
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Homer Plessy
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an African American arrested for riding in a "whites-only" railroad car
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W.E.B. Du Bois
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was particularly concerned with protecting and exercising voting rights for African Americans
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Ida Wells
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launched a fearless crusade against lynching
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the subtreasury
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was a warehouse meant to store crops
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William Jennings Bryan
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was a candidate for president in 1896 for the Populists and Democrats
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Charles W. Macune
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was the leader of the Farmers' Alliance
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