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Anthropology is

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the study of humankind everywhere, throughout time.

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What does it mean to take a "holistic perspective"?

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To seek interconnections and relatedness between various parts of human culture and biology

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A "culture-bound" theory is

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a theory based on assumptions common to a particular culture rather than deriving from comparisons of many different cultures.

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How does the perception of organ transplantation differ between the U.S. and Japan?

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It is rarely performed in Japan because they do not believe in a mind-body split.

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Recent studies have shown that the unusual degree of separation of mother and infant in Western societies has important consequences. Which of the following are not consequences of the rather long degree of mother/infant separation in Western societies?

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Prevention of early ovulation after childbirth

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Cross-cultural studies show that in many non-Western cultures mother-infant "co-sleeping" is the rule. Which of the following is not a benefit of mother-infant co-sleeping?

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Infant begins to adapt to separation of space and individual identity

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Cultural anthropology is the study of patterns of human behavior. These standards..

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focus on humans as culture producing and re-producing creatures.

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The hallmark of ethnographic fieldwork is

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participant observation.

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In-depth descriptive studies of specific cultures are called

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ethnographies.

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What is the primary purpose of practicing applied anthropology?

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It allows the use of anthropological knowledge to solve practical problems.

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The branch of anthropology that studies human languages is called

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linguistic anthropology.

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Approximately how many living languages exist today?

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6,000

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An archaeologist studies material remains and environmental data to understand

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human culture.

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The Garbage Project in Tucson demonstrated that what people say and what they do can differ dramatically. For instance, investigators found that

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the amount of beer consumed, according to empty cans in the trash, was far higher than people claimed.

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The protection of cultural resources as part of archaeology is called

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cultural resource management.

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Which of the following are broad research interests of physical anthropologists?

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Biological variation in human populations and evolution of human characteristics

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From skeletal remains, the forensic anthropologist cannot establish which of following?

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Marital status

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Which of the following services is not one that forensic anthropologists routinely are called upon by the police and other authorities to identify?

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Potential archaeological sites

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A position that is a closely examined and critically checked explanation of observed reality is called a(n)

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theory.

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Anthropology studies the language of a culture, its philosophy, and its forms of art. In the process of doing research, ethnographers involve themselves intensively in the lives of those they study, trying to experience culture from their informants' points of view. In this sense, anthropology is

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humanistic.

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Suzanne Leclerc-Madlala worked with traditional healers in what country in order to promote greater awareness and effectiveness in addressing HIV/AIDS rates?

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South Africa

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The anthropologist has to consider obligations to three sets of people:

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the profession of anthropology, the people who funded the study, and the people studied.

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What is "transplant tourism"?

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Travel connected with the buying and selling of human organs

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The term that refers to worldwide interconnectedness, signified by global movements of natural resources, trade goods, human labor, finance capital, information, and infectious diseases is known as

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globalization

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All of the following are powerful forces that drive globalization except:

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financial autonomy between countries

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The gradual process of making beneficial adjustments to the environment is called

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adaptation

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All of the following are long-term challenges associated with high-yield marginal farmlands in the U.S. except:

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decreasing salinity of soil.

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The first clear and comprehensive definition of culture was made by

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Edward B. Tylor.

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Which of the following statements about society and culture is incorrect?

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Culture can exist without a society.

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In the movie Witness, a policeman named John Book was able to hide from his corrupt boss by staying with the Amish. He was protected by adopting their mode of dress, by the fact that they had no telephones, and by their being a close-knit community united by shared values that differed from those of the larger society. The Amish in the United States are an example of a(n)

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subculture.

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The Amish may be used as an example of subcultural variation because

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they maintain a distinctive way of life that emphasizes agrarian living and loyalty to fellow Amish rather than to the state.

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Which of the following statements is correct?

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Ethnic groups collectively and publicly identify themselves as distinct.

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A set of cultural ideas held by a group that collectively and publicly identifies itself as distinct based on shared features is called

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ethnicity.

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A sound, emblem, or other sign that is arbitrarily linked to something else and represents it in a meaningful way is called a(n)

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symbol.

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As a result of _____ work, in 1981, the Apaches were able to move into houses that had been designed with their participation, for their specific needs.

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George Esber's

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As a prelude to social interaction, Apache hosts feel compelled to offer their guest

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food.

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China is a pluralistic society. Which ethnic group dominates others in China and has a socially and politically ethnocentric ruling policy?

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Han

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All of the following statements about pluralistic societies are correct except:

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together these societies comprise a nation.

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The most important symbolic aspect of culture is

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language.

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A society is held together by a shared sense of identity and worldview. This collective body of ideas allows a society to make sense of the world, its challenges, and opportunities. It is known as

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superstructure.

Chapter 1-3 Anthropology – Flashcards

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