Ch 20 US History II – Flashcards
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Herbert Spencer's disciple who popularized social Darwinism in America was
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William Graham Sumner.
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The American Protective Association was an organization that
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promoted governmental restrictions on immigration.
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In the 1890s, Dr. James Naismith
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Invented basketball
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In the 1880s, the source of foreign immigration to the United States shifted from
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northwestern Europe to southeastern Europe.
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In 1882, Congress passed legislation to exclude immigrants from
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China
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A pioneer in making parks available for city dwellers was
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Frederick Law Olmsted
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Vaudeville was the name given to
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variety shows
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"Nativism" included religious prejudice against all the following except
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Presbyterians
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The implications of social Darwinism included
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a belief in the progress of human societies.
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The phrase "survival of the fittest" was coined by
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Herbert Spencer.
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By 1900, a greater proportion of the population was urbanized in the
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Pacific coast.
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Ellis Island
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Reception center in New York Harbor through which most European immigrants to America were processed from 1892 to 1954.
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nativist
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A native-born American who saw immigrants as a threat to his way of life and employment. During the 1880s, nativist groups worked to stop the flow of immigrates into the United States. Of these groups, the most successful was the American Protective Association who promoted government restrictions on immigration, tougher naturalization requirements, the teaching of English in schools and workplaces that refused to employ foreigners or Catholics.
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Chinese Exclusion Act (1882)
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The first federal law to restrict immigration on the basis of race and class. Passed in 1882, worked for ten yrs,1943 were the barriers to Chinese immigration removed.
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Frederick Law Olmsted
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In 1858, he constructed New York's Central Park, which led to a growth in the movement to create urban parks.
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Herbert Spencer
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As the first major proponent of social Darwinism, he argued that human society and institutions are subject to the process of natural selection and that society naturally evolves for the better. he was against any form of government interference
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social Darwinism
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Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection to society; used the concept of the "survival of the fittest"
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pragmatism
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William James founded this philosophy in the early 1900s. Pragmatists believed that ideas gained their validity from their social consequences and practical application.
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William James
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founder of Pragmatism and one of the fathers of modern psychology.
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John Dewey
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an important philosopher of pragmatism, preferred to use the term instrumentalism, because he saw ideas as instruments of action.
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Reform Darwinism
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A social philosophy that challenged Social Darwinism by asserting that humans could actively shape the process of evolutionary social development through cooperation and innovation.
