Cell Energy Study Guide – Flashcards
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Autotrophs get energy from
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the sun
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Heterotrophs get energy from
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eating food
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What does ATP do for the cell
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It's an energy storing molecule
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Does ADP have stored chemical energy usable for the cell
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Yes
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What is the difference between ATP and ADP
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ATP has usable energy for and ADP doesn't
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What organelle performs photosynthesis
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Chloroplast
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What process converts light energy into chemical energy
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Photosynthesis
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What are the 3 stages of Photosynthesis
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1. Absorption of light= Primary pigment chlorophyll 2. Conversion of light energy to chemical energy 3. Storage of energy and organic molecules= Calvin Cycle
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Which stages would be considered a light reaction
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Light reactants
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Which stages would be considered a dark reaction
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Calvin Cycle
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What pigment absorbs light on the thylakoid membrane
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Chlorophyll
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What does photosynthesis release into the air
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Oxygen
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What are the reactants of photosynthesis
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6CO2+6H2O
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What organelle performs cellular respiration
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Mitochondria
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What process releases the chemical energy stored in food
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Cellular respiration and photosynthesis
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What are the 2 stages of cellular respiration
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1. Breakdown of organic molecules= Stage name: Oxygen 2. Production of carbon dioxide= Calvin Cycle
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What does cellular respiration release into the air
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Carbon Dioxide
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What are the reactants of cellular respiration
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6CO2+6H2O+Energy
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What are the products of photosynthesis
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6O2+C6H12O6
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Is the mitochondria used for aerobic respiration
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Yes
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Is the mitochondria used for anaerobic respiration
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No
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How are photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration related
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By some molecules at use but they are switched
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what organelle is used in cellular respiration if oxygen is present
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Mitochondria
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What is it called when respiration as oxygen
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Aerobic
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What happens if oxygen is not present
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Fermentation
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When would a cell produce the most ATP, with or without oxygen
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With Oxygen
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Why do plants have mitochondria
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Because it turns glucose into energy
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What is anabolic
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one that involves creating large molecules out of smaller molecules
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Why are more chloroplast found in leaves of plants
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Because the surface area is bigger
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Why does change color in the fall
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lack or chlorophyll
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Which steps in respiration are anaerobic
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Glycolysis and Fermentation
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Where does oxygen used in respiration end up
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ends up in water
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Define photosystem and pigment
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Main Pigment: Chlorophyll, Pigment: Colored substances that absorbs or reflects light, and Photosystem: Cluster of pigments
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What bonds are broken to release energy during photosynthesis
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Phosphate
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Energy is trapped in the cell in 2 ways
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ATP and NADPH
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What is the total break down of ATP in each step in respiration
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Glycolysis: 2, Krebs Cycle: 2, Electron Transport chain: 32
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What is the difference between alcoholic fermentation and Lactic Acid Fermentation
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Alcoholic: takes place in yeast and bacteria Lactic Acid: Builds up in muscles
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What is the most important energy storing compound
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ATP
