question

Which of the following is involved in setting work standards in schedules needed to implement the firms tactical objective?

answer

Operation Planning

question

A _____ would be used by a department manager as a tool for making daily and weekly assignments

answer

Operation Plan

question

Strategic planning looks at the organization as a whole while ___ planning focuses on daily tasks and decisions

answer

operational

question

_____ planning is a part of contingency planning that is used to deal with sudden and unexpected changes in the business environment.

answer

crisis

question

_____ is choosing among two or more alternatives

answer

Decision Making

question

In a company in which an effective vision has been provided,

answer

Employees are likely to have a sense of purpose and a common set of values

question

Small business organizations lack the size required to reap the benefits of labor specialization. True or False

answer

False

question

Departments are functional units within the business such as sales, accounting, finance, and marketing. True or False

answer

True

question

Springfield National bank organizes its loan operations based on the market served , such as consumer, small businesses, and non-profit organizations. Departmentalization based on _____ allows springfield to better serve borrowers with different needs.

answer

Customer group

question

Question #41, what is the answer? A, B, C, or D

answer

Answer is D

question

The tendency for people to behave differently when they know they are being studied is known as the _____

answer

Hawthorne effect

question

Which of the following statements about worker motivation is most consistent with the findings of the Hawthorne studies?

answer

Employees are more motivated if they feel they are part of a social project or group

question

The concept that a hierarchy of human needs can be used to explain motivation was developed by _________

answer

Maslow

question

Maslow classified the needs for basic items such as food, water, and shelter as __________

answer

physiological needs

question

which of the following descriptions more appropriately reflects the way that GenXers prefer to communicate at work?

answer

through email

question

If fun and stimulation are rated as important job criteria by millennials, which of the following might be a way to motivate this generation?

answer

provide opportunity for innovation in job rotation

question

Three elements were basic to Taylor's approach; time, method, and rules of work. True or False

answer

True

question

Taylor's goal was to find ways to improve workers motivation by making work more interesting and challenging. True or False

answer

False

question

Managing a growing business often requires managers to create departments to accomplish various tasks. True or False

answer

True

question

Since motivation comes from within an individual, there is little that managers can do to motivate employees. True or False

answer

False

question

Organizing the structure of the company means deciding how many jobs need to be done and who is responsible for doing them. True or False

answer

True

question

If you have managerial skills and leadership ability, you also possess the personality to be an entrepreneur. True or False

answer

False

question

Most entrepreneurs get the idea for their products and service from a flash of inspiration. True or False

answer

False

question

Question #26

answer

Answer is FALSE

question

Theory X managers are likely to believe that:

answer

the average person dislikes work and will seek to avoid it when possible.

question

The practice of moving employees from one job to another to make work more interesting is called:

answer

job rotation

question

A key element of Taylor's approach was the time and motion study, which examined the tasks performed to complete a job and the time needed to complete each task. True or False?

answer

True

question

Taylor based his approach on the belief that each worker was an individual who should be treated as a unique asset to the firm. True or False?

answer

False

question

Elton Mayo is known as the father of scientific management. True or False?

answer

False. Frederick Taylor is.

question

What is Management?

answer

The process used to accomplish organizational goals through planning, organizing, leading, and controlling people and other organizational resources.

question

What are some of the changes happening in management today?

answer

Managers are giving more independence to employees; instead of giving orders they are coaching and mentoring and guiding, training, supporting employees; they are team players; they emphasize team work and cooperation over giving orders and disciplining.

question

What are the four primary functions of management?

answer

Planning, Organizing, Leading, and Controlling.

question

What is a SWOT analysis?

answer

It asses a businesses Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats

question

What are the four types of planning?

answer

Strategic, Tactical, Operational, Contingency

question

What is strategic planning?

answer

The process of determining the major goals of the organization and the policies and strategies for obtaining and using resources to achieve those goals. Managers determine Who to, What, When, and Where to sell their product or service.

question

What is Tactical Planning?

answer

The process of developing detailed, short-term statements about what is to be done, who is to do it, and how it is to be done. Essentially, this is the part of planning that begins to take action on the strategic objectives.

question

What is Operational Planning?

answer

The process of setting work standards and schedules necessary to implement the company's tactical objectives. Breaks down by department, setting standards and schedules for what needs to be done and by whom.

question

What is Contingency Planning?

answer

the process of preparing alternative courses of action the firm can use if its primary plans don't work out.

question

What is PMI?

answer

Listing all the pluses for a solution in one column, all the minuses in another, and the implications in a third column.

question

What's the difference between goals and objectives?

answer

Goals are the long-term accomplishments the business wishes to attain, and objectives are short term accomplishments or statements that show or determine how the business will reach their goals.

question

What are the six D's of Decision making?

answer

1. Define the situation. 2. Describe and collect needed information. 3. Develop alternatives. 4. Decide which alternative is best. 5. Do what is indicated (begin implementation). 6. Determine whether the decision was a good one, and follow up.

question

What three categories of skills must a manager have?

answer

Technical skills, Human Relations Skills, and Conceptual skills

question

What is Transparency?

answer

The presentation of a company's facts and figures in a way that is clear and apparent to all stakeholders.

question

What is Autocratic Leadership?

answer

Leadership style that involves making managerial decisions without consulting others.

question

What is Participative or Democratic Leadership?

answer

Leadership style that consists of managers and employees working together to make decisions.

question

What is Free-Reign Leadership?

answer

Leadership style that involves managers setting objectives and employees being relatively free to do whatever it takes to accomplish those objectives.

question

How does Enabling help to achieve empowerment?

answer

It provides the employee with the knowledge, skills, and confidence to be able to take part in empowerment, which would be to make important decisions without the guidance or orders from a higher up.

question

What are the five steps in the control process?

answer

1. Establish Clear standards. 2. Monitor and Record performance. 3. Compare results against standards. 4. Communicate the results. 5. If needed, take corrective action; give praise for good work done.

question

What is the difference between internal and external customers?

answer

External customers are those that buy products to sell to others and for personal use; internal customers are those that work within a department in an organization that receive services from other units or departments.

question

What is knowledge management?

answer

Knowledge management is finding the right information, keeping the information in a readily accessible place, and making the information known to everyone in the firm.

question

What is Economies of Scale

answer

The situation in which companies can reduce their production costs if they can purchase raw materials in bulk; the average cost of goods goes down as production levels increase.

question

Fayol's Principles of Organization

answer

the idea that each worker should report to only one manager and that managers, in turn, should have the right to give orders for others to follow and the power to enforce them. Division of labor(departments); -Unity of command -Hierarchy of authority -Division of labor -Subordination of individual interests to the general interest -Authority -Degree of centralization -Clear communication channels -Order -Equity -Esprit de corps

question

Max Weber and Organizational Theory

answer

an organizational structure composed of middle managers who implement the orders of top managers. He believed less-educated workers were best managed if managers or supervisors gave them strict rules and regulations to follow and monitored their performance.; was in favor of "bureaucracy" ; -Job descriptions -Written rules, decision guidelines and detailed records -Consistent procedures, regulations and policies -Staffing and promotion based on qualifications.

question

What is a Heirarchy?

answer

A system in which one person is at the top of the organization and there is a ranked or sequential ordering from the top down of managers who are responsible to that person

question

What is Chain of Command?

answer

The line of authority that moves from the top of a hierarchy to the lowest level.

question

What is an Organizational Chart?

answer

A visual device that shows relationships among people and divides the organization's work; it shows who reports to whom.

question

What is Bureaucracy?

answer

An organization with many layers of managers who set rules and regulations and oversee all decisions.

question

What does Division of Labor mean?

answer

Dividing the different tasks of a job among workers.

question

What does Job Specialization mean?

answer

dividing tasks into smaller jobs; creating groups etc.

question

Why are organizations becoming flatter?

answer

To improve customer satisfaction and satisfy demands quicker and also to keep up with managerial changes that includes empowering lower level workers and supervisors.

question

What are some reasons for having a narrow span of control in an organization?

answer

Span of control refers to the number of subordinates a manager supervises. Generally, the span of control narrows at higher levels of the organization, because work becomes less standardized and managers need more face-to face communication.

question

What are the advantages of Departmentalization?

answer

Departmentalization may reduce costs, since employees should be more efficient; employees can develop skills in depth and progress within a department as they master more skills; the company can achieve economies of scale by centralizing all the resources it needs and locating various experts in that particular area; employees can coordinate work within the function; and top management can easily direct and control various departments' activities.

question

What are disadvantages of Departmentalization?

answer

Communication is inhibited; employee's may identify with their department's goals rather than the organization's; the company's response may be slowed by departmentalization; employees tend to be narrow specialists; department members may engage in groupthink and may need input from the outside to become more competitive.

question

What are the 6 various ways an organization can Departmentalize?

answer

customer group, product, functional, geographic, process, and hybrid.

question

What is Line Organization?

answer

An organization that has direct two-way lines of responsibility, authority, and communication running from the top to the bottom of the organization, with all people reporting to only one supervisor.

question

What are Line and Staff Organization?

answer

Line Personnel: Employees who are part of the chain of command that is responsible for achieving organizational goals. Staff Personnel:Employees who advise and assist line personnel in meeting their goals.

question

What is a Matrix Organization?

answer

An organization in which specialists from different parts of the organization are brought together to work on specific projects but still remain part of a line-and-staff structure.

question

What are Cross-Functional Self-Managed Teams?

answer

Groups of employees from different departments who work together on a long-term basis.

question

What's the difference between line and staff personnel?

answer

Line personnel are responsible for directly achieving organizational goals. Line personnel include production workers, distribution people, and marketing personnel. Staff personnel advise and assist line personnel in meeting their goals.

question

What management principle does a matrix-style organization challenge?

answer

The flexibility inherent in the matrix-style organization directly challenge the rigid line and line-and-staff organization structures.

question

What's the main difference between a matrix-style organization's structure and the use of cross-functional teams?

answer

The main difference between matrix-style organization and cross-functional teams is that cross-functional teams tend to be long-lived as compared to the temporary and fluid nature of teams in a matrix-style organization.

question

What is Benchmarking?

answer

Comparing an organization's practices, processes, and products against the world's best.

question

What are core competencies?

answer

Those functions that the organization can do as well as or better than any other organization in the world.

question

What is an inverted organization?

answer

An inverted organization has employees who come into contact with customers at the top of the organization and the chief executive officer at the bottom. A manager's job is to assist and support frontline people, not tell them what to do.

question

Why do organizations outsource functions?

answer

If an organization is not able to efficiently perform the function themselves they will outsource the function. Outsourcing is the process of assigning various functions, such as accounting, production, security, maintenance, and legal work, to an outside firm. The goal is to retain the functions that the organization considers its core competencies.

question

What is organizational culture?

answer

Organizational or corporate culture is the widely shared values within an organization that create unity and cooperation. Usually the culture of an organization is passed to employees via stories, traditions, and myths.

question

How can US businesses maintain a competitive edge?

answer

Focusing on the needs of customers, maintaining a close relationship with suppliers to make sure they are meeting customer needs, practicing continuous improvement, focusing on quality, saving on costs through better site selection, using new technologies, adopting new production techniques.

question

What must U.S. companies do to continue to strengthen the country's manufacturing base?

answer

To strengthen the nation's manufacturing base will require an adjustment and recognition of the new realities in manufacturing. This will require focusing on new technologies, such as the green ventures discussed in your textbook.

question

What led companies to focus on operations management rather than production?

answer

One change is the shift from a manufacturing economy to one dominated by the service industry. Operations management is a more specialized area of management that converts resources into useful outputs.

question

What is Form Utility?

answer

The value producers add to materials in the creation of finished goods and services.

question

What is Process Manufacturing?

answer

manufacturing physically or chemically changes materials, such as turning sand into glass or computer chips

question

What is the Assembly Process

answer

puts together components to create a product.

question

What is the Continuous Process?

answer

process involves long production runs turning out finished goods over time. (Mass production)

question

What is an Intermittent Process?

answer

process involves short runs that respond directly to specific customer orders(more individual and custom production)

question

What is Mass Customization?

answer

is the process of tailoring products to meet the demands of a large number of individual customers

question

What are the major criteria for facility location?

answer

labor costs, availability of resources, access to transportation, proximity to customers, suppliers, crime rates, quality of life for employees and the cost of living, to mention but a few.

question

What's the difference between MRP and ERP?

answer

(MRP) is a computer-based operations management system that uses sales forecasts to make sure needed parts and materials are available at the right time and place. Enterprise resource planning (ERP), a newer version of MRP, combines the computerized functions of all the divisions and subsidiaries of the firm into a single integrated software program that uses a single database.

question

What's just-in-time inventory control?

answer

Just-in-time inventory systems keep a minimum of inventory on the premises and only deliver parts just as they are needed on the factory floor.

question

What are Six Sigma quality

answer

a quality-control standard which sets a benchmark of no more than 3.4 defects per million opportunities.

question

What is the Baldridge Award?

answer

created in 1987 to promote a standard for overall quality in the following areas: manufacturing, services, small business, education, and health care.

question

What is ISO9000

answer

quality management and assurance standards

question

What is ISO14000

answer

Environment

question

How could you use a Gantt chart to keep track of production?

answer

This chart will give management a clear idea as to the status of the project and how much has been completed at any given time.

question

What is a PERT Chart?

answer

analyze the tasks to complete a given project, estimate the time needed to complete each, and compute the minimum time needed to complete the whole project.

question

What are the similarities and differences between Taylor's time-motion studies and Mayo's Hawthorne studies?

answer

Frederick Taylor's time-motion studies measured output. Taylor inspired the Hawthorne studies. Originally Elton Mayo wanted to determine the optimal level of lighting necessary to increase production on the factory floor which is a type of scientific management. He later determined that people who were empowered worked harder. Ultimately Mayo's study brought about behavioral management.

question

How did Mayo's findings influence scientific management?

answer

The findings at Hawthorne plant in Cicero, Illinois, completely changed how people thought about employees and motivation. One finding was that money was not a primary motivator. These new assumptions led to to many theories about the human side of motivation.

question

Explain the distinction between what Herzberg called motivators and hygiene factors.

answer

motivators made employees productive and gave them satisfaction. These factors related to job content. Hygiene factors related to the job environment and could, if left unattended, cause employee dissatisfaction but would not provide long-term motivation. Hygiene factors include such things as pay and working conditions.

Business Test Chapters 7-10 – Flashcards

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