Basic Concepts of Personality Development Essay Example

develops any of these types of ideas mentioned above, they are likely to develop a personality disorder. In this specific case study, Emma developed a negative idea about the world she is living in (her boyfriend's city) because she felt that living there should be more enjoyable. The main cause of her depression is her dilemma between going back to her hometown where people knew how to celebrate or staying in the current city.

According to this theory, what is the matrix of problem(s) in this case study?

The matrix of problems in Emma's case, according to the theory, arises from her struggle with deciding whether to continue residing in the city or return to her hometown where people knew how to celebrate.

Emma’s struggle with indecisiveness leads her to seek the guidance of a therapist to help navigate the conflicting thoughts weighing on her. In this case study, the assumptions regarding the development of her disorder(s) revolve around the idea that Emma's ongoing difficulty in making decisions ultimately leads to depression. Therefore, during assessment, it is important for a therapist to consider the underlying factors contributing to Emma's depression. By understanding these elements, the therapist can establish a solid foundation for counseling Emma and guiding her towards making informed choices. The key individuals involved in this assessment are Emma herself and the therapist. Both play crucial roles in evaluating and addressing her situation.

Both Emma and the therapist play important roles in providing details about Emma's underlying situation and condition. According to the cognitive theory, the relationships in this case study that are important for assessment are the ones between Emma and her society's expectations. The theory suggests

that a person's behavior and social understanding are influenced by their upbringing. In Emma's case, her strong attachment to societal norms makes it difficult for her to adapt to her boyfriend's urban lifestyle.

By addressing this relationship, a therapist has the chance of counseling Emma on what decision she should take in her individual's life.

Interventions

Though various interventions can be used to address Emma's case, the most appropriate intervention that is applied to solve Emma's situation are assimilation, accommodation, and equilibration as put forward by Piaget's cognitive theory (Evans, ; Stanovich, 2013). The first intervention, adaptation, plays the role of utilizing the current schema to deal with the new object situation. Accommodation response ensures that when the existing understanding fails to work it requires the individual to change the current schema to facilitate dealing in the new scene. In most cases, when assimilation intervention fails to achieve its goal, equilibration comes in.

The main objective of equilibration is to restore g balance by mastering the challenges of the new schema. To achieve this, the clarification-counseling technique should be used to address the dilemma faced by Emma. By employing these techniques, the counselor asks the client to clearly explain the problem, aiming to improve the counselor's understanding of the situation. In Emma's case study, cognition plays a role in helping her mind process knowledge acquired through experience and senses imposed by the therapist.

Role of the Therapist

According to Leventhal (2014), a therapist should possess the following personality traits:

• Verbal fluency
• Warmth and acceptance
• Focus on the client
• Affective modulation and expressiveness

These traits are crucial as they greatly contribute to providing effective counseling for the client. Through focusing on the client, the counselor can better understand the client's situation.

The personalities also have a listening and understanding relationship between the customer and the therapist. Transference, in cognitive counseling, is the phenomenon characterized by unconsciously transferring feelings from one person to another, allowing the therapist to share the client's knowledge.

Role of the Client

In the provided case study, Emma is the client who requires the therapist's attention due to a mental disorder. After visiting the therapist, Emma is expected to make a solid decision regarding the previously encountered dilemma. The counseling received helps Emma develop a better decision for the situation.

Therapeutic Outcomes

According to cognitive theory, a therapy can be considered successful if it helps the client overcome their problematic situation (Stevens, 2013). In Emma's therapy, success would be determined by her ability to make wise decisions in her current situation. The effectiveness of the treatment is measured by the extent of change experienced by the client.

Personal reaction/evaluation to this theory

The cognitive theory aims to promote adaptive thinking and develop new strategies for dealing with situations.

The most appropriate elements in cognitive theory are behavioral, cognitive effective and collaborative. If I were a therapist, I would apply the theory of cognitive because incorporating it in my counseling session’s makes the achievement of counseling goals.

Reference

• Evans, J. S. B., & Stanovich, K. E. (2013). Dual-process theories of higher cognition advancing the debate. Perspectives on psychological science, 8(3), 223-241.
• Leventhal, H. (2014, January).

The text discusses the fusion of emotion and cognition, specifically from the perspective

of the perceptual-motor theory of emotion. It is part of the 17th annual Carnegie Symposium on cognition called Affect and cognition, located in Hillsdale (NJ) (Volume 7, pages unspecified).

121-56). Stevens, A. L. (2013). A cognitive theory of inquiry teaching. Instructional design theories and models: An overview of their current status, 247.