question

0. The Milky way galaxy is about 1 million times larger than earth?

answer

False

question

IN the scientific method, it is not necessary to test your theory?

answer

False

question

A tropical year is the same as a sidereal year?

answer

False

question

The angular diameter of an object is inversely proportional to its distance from the observer?

answer

True

question

When the moon is directly opposite the Sun in the Sky, it's phase is?

answer

Full

question

The 12 constellations the Solar System bodies move through are the?

answer

Zodiac Signs

question

If the Moon's orbit were a little larger, solar eclipses would be?

answer

More likely to be annular

question

A star with a declination of +60.0° will be?

answer

North of the celestial equator

question

A lunar eclipse can only occur during the full phase?

answer

True

question

If Earth rotated twice as fast as it currently does, but it's motion around the sun stayed the same, then?

answer

The night would be half as long

question

The closest terrestrial analog to hours of right ascension is angle of longitude?

answer

True

question

A star with Right ascension of 2.6 hours will cross the local meridian from East to West 2.6 hours after the vernal equinox?

answer

True

question

If you are in the Moon's umbral shadow, then you will witness?

answer

A total eclipse

question

When a thin crescent of the Moon is visible jest before sunrise, the Moon is in its?

answer

Waning phase

question

You note a particular star is directly overhead it will be directly overhead again in?

answer

23 hours, 56 minutes

question

The sidereal day is determined by the Earth's rotation with respect to the stars?

answer

True

question

This diagram explains:

answer

Difference between solar ; sidereal time

question

The interval from new Moon to 1st qtr is about a(n):

answer

Week

question

You see a star ; it moves 15° across the sky. How long are you watching for?

answer

1 hour

question

The solar day is longer than a sidereal day?

answer

True

question

1. The heliocentric model of the Universe holds that Earth is the center ; everything else moves around it?

answer

False (heliocentric is Sun center model. Geocentric is Earth center model)

question

Aristotle was the 1st to propose that all planets revolve around the Sun?

answer

False (Galileo was)

question

A major flaw in Copernicus's model was that it still had?

answer

Circular Orbits

question

According to Copernicus, the retrograde motion for Mars must occur?

answer

At opposition, when Earth over takes Mars and passes between Mars and Sun.

question

Galileo fund the rotation period of the Sun was approximately?

answer

One month long

question

If Earth's orbit around the Sun were twice as large as it is now, orbit would take?

answer

More than 2 times as longer to traverse

question

Which of these was NOT seen telescopically by Galileo?

answer

Stellar Parallox

question

How much stronger is the gravitational pull of the Sun on Earth, at 1 AU, than it is on Saturn at 10 AU?

answer

100 times

question

Galileo's observations of the entire phase cycle of Venus proved that Ptomely's epicycles could not be correct in keeping Venus between the Sun?

answer

True

question

An asteroid with an orbit lying entirely inside Earth?

answer

Has an orbital semi-major axis of less than 1 AU

question

A calculation of how long it takes a planet to orbit the Sun would be most closely related to Kepler's?

answer

3rd Law of planetary motion

question

In Ptomely's geocentric model, retrograde motion occurs when the planet is closes to us, on the inside portion of the?

answer

Epicycle

question

You throw a ball to someone; before the ball is caught, it is temporally in orbit around Earth's center?

answer

True

question

A planet whose distance from the Sun is 3 AU would have an orbital period of how many Earth years?

answer

?27 (square root of 27)

question

According to Copernicus, retrograde motion occurs at opposition for the Outer Planets?

answer

True

question

Kepler relied heavily on the telescopic observations of Galileo in developing his laws of planetary motion?

answer

False (he relied on Tycho Brahe's observations)

question

Which of these observations of Galileo refuted Ptolmey's epicycles?

answer

The complete cycle of Venus' phases

question

If the distance between 2 asteroids is doubled, the gravitational force they exert on each other will?

answer

Be ¹/?th as great

question

In Newton's first law, the _____ of a body causes it to resist changes in its motion:

answer

Inertia

question

An X-Ray telescope located in Antarctica would not work well because of?

answer

Earth's Atmosphere

question

The blackbody curve of a star moving towards Earth would have it's peak shifted?

answer

...(toward higher energies???)

question

A star much cooler than the Sun would appear?

answer

Red

question

Imagine an emission spectrum produced by a container of hydrogen gas. Changing the amount of hydrogen in the container will change the colors of the lines in the spectrum.

answer

False

question

Two otherwise identical objects have temperatures of 1000 ? and 1200 ?, respectively. The object at 1200 emits roughly twice as much radiation as the object at 1000 ?.

answer

True

question

The energy of a photon is inversely proportional to the wavelength of the radiation?

answer

True

question

Imagine an emission spectrum produced by a container of hydrogen gas. Changing the amount of hydrogen in the container will change the colors of the lines in the spectrum.

answer

False

question

An electron moves to a higher energy level in an atom after absorbing a photon of a specific energy.

answer

True

question

According to the Zeeman effect, the splitting of a sunspot's spectral lines is due to?

answer

...(their magnetic fields.)

question

The temperature scale that places zero at the point where all atomic and molecular motion ceases is?

answer

...(Kelvin)

question

The radiation our eyes are most sensitive to lies in the color?

answer

...(yellow-green at about 550 nm)

question

Which of these is emitted when an electron falls from a higher to lower orbital?

answer

...(a photon)

question

As white light passes through a prism, the red (longer) wavelengths bend less than the blue (shorter) wavelengths, so forming the rainbow of colors?

answer

...(

question

Wein's law relates the peak wavelength of the blackbody to its size. The larger the black body, the shorter its peak wavelength?

answer

...(

question

In the Doppler effect, a red shift of spectral lines shows us the source is receding from us?

answer

...(false)

question

The Sun's observed spectrum is?

answer

...(a continuum with absorption lines)

question

The element first found in the Sun's spectrum, then on Earth 30 years later, is?

answer

...(helium)

question

According to Wein's law, the higher the surface temperature of a star, the redder its color?

answer

...(false)

question

If a star was the same size as our Sun, but was 81× more luminous, it must be?

answer

...( )

question

In general, the spectral lines of molecules are?

answer

...(more complex than those of atoms)

question

3. The main advantage to using the HST is the increased amount of "night time" viewing it affords?

answer

False

question

The main reason that most professional research telescopes are reflectors is that?

answer

large mirrors are easier to build than large lenses.

question

The term seeing is used to describe how faint an object can be detected by a telescope?

answer

False

question

When multiple radio telescopes are used for interferometry, resolving power is most improved by increasing?

answer

the distance between telescopes

question

The Spitzer Space Telescope (SST) is stationed far from Earth because?

answer

Earth is a heat source and the telescope must be kept very cool

question

The primary reason professional observatories are built on the highest mountaintops is to?

answer

Reduce atmospheric blurring

question

If telescope mirrors could be made of odd sizes, the one with the most light-gathering power would be?

answer

rectangle with two 1-m sides and two 2-m sides.

question

The best way to study young stars hidden behind interstellar dust clouds would be to use?

answer

Infrared light

question

In astronomy, an interferometer can be used to?

answer

To improve the angular resolution of radio telescopes

question

________ optics deform the shape of the mirror to compensate for the turbulence in the atmosphere and yield a diffraction-limited image?

answer

Adaptive

question

A major advantage of a Newtonian reflector over a refractor is?

answer

the elimination of chromatic aberration

question

Gamma-ray telescopes employ the same basic design that optical instruments use?

answer

False

question

Radio telescopes are large in part to improve their angular resolution, which is poor because of the long wavelengths at which they are used to observe the skies?

answer

True

question

Because gamma rays have very short wavelengths, gamma-ray telescopes can achieve extremely high angular resolution?

answer

False

question

The Cassegrain reflector needs a primary concave main mirror and a smaller, convex secondary mirror to reflect light back through a hole in the primary?

answer

True

question

The 400" Keck reflector can see objects 100 fainter than the 40" Yerkes lens?

answer

True

question

Radio telescopes have poorer angular resolution than optical telescopes because radio waves have a much longer wavelength than optical waves?

answer

True

question

Infrared astronomy can only be done from space?

answer

False

question

The line intensity of a spectrum depends both on the abundance of a particular element and its temperature as well?

answer

True

question

What is the resolution of a telescope?

answer

its ability to distinguish two adjacent objects close together in the sky

question

4. In the leading theory of solar system formation, the planets?

answer

formed from the same flattened, swirling gas cloud that formed the Sun

question

The total mass of all the planets is much less than the mass of the Sun?

answer

True

question

Asteroids, meteoroids, and comets are remnants of the early solar system?

answer

True

question

In the solar nebular theory, the dusty disk condensing around the Sun's equator became the ecliptic plane in which the planets then formed?

answer

True

question

Water on Earth was?

answer

Transported here by comets

question

The number of confirmed planets beyond our solar system is?

answer

More than 300

question

If we were to construct an accurate scale model of the solar system on a football field with the Sun at one end and Neptune at the other, the planet closest to the center of the field would be?

answer

Uranus

question

The solar system is of largely uniform composition?

answer

False

question

The largest asteroid, and probably the only one to be a spherical "world" is?

answer

Ceres

question

How much advance warning did we have of the close approach of asteroid 2002 MN in June 2002?

answer

None; it was found 3 days after its closest approach

question

The tail of a comet always points?

answer

Away from the sun and becomes longest and brightest at perihelion

question

The most detailed look we've had of an asteroid comes from?

answer

Spacecraft sent to an asteroid

question

Pluto's orbit has the lowest inclination to the ecliptic of any planet?

answer

False

question

Pluto is more similar to the jovian planet's icy moons than to any of the other planets?

answer

True

question

Some meteorites are believed to have come from Mars and the Moon?

answer

True

question

The two smallest planets, Mercury and Pluto, have no moons?

answer

False

question

Any successful model for the formation of the solar system must explain why the orbits of the planets have low eccentricities?

answer

True

question

The Oort Cloud is believed to be?

answer

a spherical cloud of cometary nuclei far beyond the Kuiper Belt.

question

Meteorites are important because?

answer

All of the above (: they contain pristine material from the solar nebula, some come from the Moon and Mars, as well as the asteroid belt, large ones may cause mass extinctions)

question

All the terrestrial planets lie inside the asteroid belt?

answer

True

question

5. Motion of the crustal plates is driven by convection in Earth's upper mantle?

answer

True

question

The first figure in Discovery 5-2 shows that levels in Earth's atmosphere began to rise rapidly?

answer

In the mid-19th century

question

Like Earth, the Moon has a molten metal core?

answer

False

question

Lunar maria are extensive lava-flow regions?

answer

True

question

Because of tidal forces, the Moon is in a synchronous orbit around Earth?

answer

True

question

The Earth's inner core is about the same temperature as the surface of the Sun?

answer

True

question

Sunlight absorbed by Earth's surface is reemitted in the form of?

answer

Infrared

question

In what part of our atmosphere do we live?

answer

Troposphere

question

Today, an average lunar moonquake releases about as much energy as?

answer

A firecracker

question

Due to its larger mass, the Sun's gravitational on Earth's tides is greater than the Moon's?

answer

False

question

Weather occurs in the troposphere?

answer

True

question

The major presence of water detected on the Moon is in?

answer

the floors of deep craters in the polar regions, as ice deposits that never thaw

question

Earth's magnetic field is the result of our planet's large, permanently magnetized iron core?

answer

False

question

Except for the layer of air closest to Earth's surface, the ozone layer is the warmest part of the atmosphere?

answer

True

question

The ozone layer is contained within the stratosphere?

answer

True

question

Earth's average density is about the same as that of?

answer

Chunk of Black Volcanic Rock

question

If you were making a scale model of Earth representing our planet by a 12-inch basketball, the inner core would be about the size of?

answer

A 2" golf ball

question

If Earth had no Moon, then tides would?

answer

occur with the same frequency, but would not be as strong

question

What is true of spring tides?

answer

The difference between low and high tides would be greatest

question

At what phase would you expect to find extremely high and low tides?

answer

Both new & full moons

question

6. Numerous surface features on Venus can be seen in Earth-based images made in the ultraviolet part of the spectrum?

answer

False

question

There is strong circumstantial evidence that active volcanism continues on Venus?

answer

True

question

In terms of area, the extinct Martian volcano Olympus Mons is about the size of?

answer

Colorado

question

The most likely theory of the formation of Earth's Moon is that it?

answer

formed from a collision of Earth with a Mars-sized object.

question

There are many indications of past plate tectonics on Mars?

answer

False

question

Mercury's solar day is longer than its solar year?

answer

True

question

In comparison to the atmosphere of Venus, the vastly different atmospheric character of Mars is likely due to a/an?

answer

reverse greenhouse effect

question

Valles Marineris is comparable in size to Earth's Grand Canyon?

answer

False

question

Evidence of lava flows is common on the surface of Venus?

answer

True

question

No evidence of impact craters has been found on Venus?

answer

False

question

The surface of Mars is surprisingly smooth and featureless?

answer

False

question

Because of its axial tilt and more elliptical orbit, Mars' polar caps change size even more than do the earth's?

answer

True

question

The seasonal polar caps on Mars, which grow and shrink over the year, are primarily carbon dioxide?

answer

True

question

Valles Marineris is the most striking example of a(n)?

answer

rift valley

question

The NASA missions that landed on Mars in 1976 were the?

answer

Vikings I and II

question

The presence of a Mercurian magnetic field surprised the planetary scientists on the Mariner 10 team because?

answer

the dynamo theory predicted that Mercury was spinning too slowly for one

question

What is the main constituent of the atmosphere of Venus?

answer

Carbon Dioxide

question

The largest difference between Mars' northern and southern hemispheres is that:

answer

the southern appears older, with more impact craters

question

What is true of Mars?

answer

Iron oxide on the surface is responsible for its reddish color

question

We now know of polar caps on Mercury, the Moon, Earth, and Mars?

answer

True

question

7. Like the discovery of Uranus, the finding of Neptune was accidental?

answer

False

question

Of the jovian planets, which generates the least internal heat?

answer

Uranus

question

All four jovians spin faster than any of the terrestrials?

answer

True

question

The reason the jovian planets lost very little of their original atmosphere is due to their?

answer

Large Mass

question

What is thought to lie at the center of Jupiter?

answer

a massive core of rocky materials with some iron mixed in

question

Jupiter's axial tilt is similar to that of Mercury, while Saturn's is more like ours?

answer

True

question

Compared to Earth, Saturn's core is roughly?

answer

10 times more massive

question

All nine planets in the solar system have been visited by spacecraft?

answer

False

question

All four jovian planets are made primarily of hydrogen and oxygen?

answer

False

question

Differential rotation is when a planet's equator and polar regions rotate at different rates?

answer

True

question

The axial tilts of Uranus and Neptune are similar?

answer

False

question

Neptune probably does not have a rocky core?

answer

False

question

During the northern summer of Uranus, an observer near the north pole would observe the Sun high and almost stationary in the sky?

answer

True

question

The element helium plays an important role in producing Saturn's atmospheric colors?

answer

False

question

The solid surface of Jupiter lies just below the cloud layers that are visible from Earth?

answer

False

question

William Herschel was the discoverer of Uranus?

answer

True

question

The Galileo probe was deliberately steered into Jupiter's atmosphere, ending its mission?

answer

True

question

The magnetic fields of both Uranus and Neptune are highly tilted relative to their rotation axes and significantly offset from the planets' centers?

answer

True

question

Although often referred to as a gaseous planet, Jupiter is mostly liquid in its interior?

answer

True

question

Jupiter and the other jovian planets are noticeably oblate because?

answer

they are fluid bodies that are spinning rapidly

question

8. If Uranus takes 84 years to orbit the Sun, and Voyager 2 found its rings wide open at solstice in 1989, when will they appear edge on, as seen from Earth?

answer

2010

question

If Saturn takes about 30 years to orbit the Sun, and its rings were seen edge-on in 1995, when will they appear most open at solstice?

answer

2002

question

What best explains the darkness of the rings beyond Saturn's?

answer

old, sooty debris and radiation darkening

question

All four ring systems orbit the equators of Jovian planets outside their Roche limits?

answer

False

question

Io's internal heat is due to tidal interactions with Jupiter and Europa?

answer

True

question

Io's surface appears very smooth because it?

answer

is continually resurfaced by volcanic activity

question

The particles in Saturn's E ring probably come from volcanic eruptions on Enceladus?

answer

True

question

The rings of Uranus were discovered when it passed in front of a star, and the dark rings occulted the star several times for brief intervals?

answer

True

question

The haphazard terrain of Miranda suggests it was broken up by impact after it had differentiated, then fell back together as a jumbled maze?

answer

True

question

Of the Jovian satellites, which shows the oldest, most cratered surface?

answer

Callisto

question

The atmosphere of Titan is composed mostly of?

answer

Nitrogen

question

The composition of Saturn's ring particles is predominantly water ice?

answer

True

question

Two small shepherd satellites are responsible for the unusually complex form of Saturn's F ring?

answer

True

question

Saturn's rings exist because they lie within the planet's Roche limit?

answer

True

question

Uranus has no large moons?

answer

True

question

Pluto was discovered via its gravitational effect on Neptune?

answer

False

question

For a moon the same density as its planet, the Roche limit lies at ________ times the radius of its planet?

answer

2.5

question

The brightest and probably youngest surface of any moon of Saturn belongs to?

answer

Enceladus

question

Besides Mars, exobiologists find Europa also a good candidate for life?

answer

True

question

What statistic below has changed the most in the last decade?

answer

the number of known Jovian moons

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