question

What did nineteenth-century American expansionists mean by the term Manifest Destiny?

answer

The citizens of the US had a God-given right to conquer the land to the Pacific Ocean

question

From 1818 until the early 1840s, the Oregon Territory was administered under which of the following arrangements?

answer

Great Britain and the US controlled it jointly

question

Which of the following made the Oregon Territory so appealing to Americans in the mid-1800s?

answer

Its mild climate and rich soil

question

Americans who migrated to the Oregon Territory in the 1840s settled in which of these regions?

answer

Willamette Valley

question

Which of the following statements characterizes American settlement in California before the mid-1840s?

answer

American settlement in California was fairly sparse in this period

question

By the 1830s, which of the following was the dominant Indian tribe on the central and northern Plains?

answer

Lakota

question

Which feature of the Lakota Sioux society protected it form the epidemics that decimated other Native American groups in the nineteenth century?

answer

Its small groups and nomadic lifestyle

question

How did Oregon fever affect national politics in the United States in 1844?

answer

The possibility of expansion into Texas became a major issue in the presidential election and citizens would vote for other people who agree with them

question

The popular phrase "Fifty-four forty or fight!" served as...

answer

A push for American control of the entire Oregon territory

question

How did pro-annexation Democrats engineer the annexation of Texas in 1845?

answer

The party approved it through a joint resolution, which required only a majority vote in both houses of Congress

question

Which man, who sought the presidency in 1844, is matched correctly with his description?

answer

James Polk- expansionist, dark-horse candidate of the Democratic Party, who won the election

question

Which of the following was the critical issue facing political parties in the late 1840s?

answer

Expansion of slavery

question

The 1845 annexation of Texas provoked...

answer

The Mexican War

question

Which action did President Polk take in 1845 as part of his California strategy?

answer

Polk sent orders to the U.S. Navy in the Pacific to seize San Francisco Bay and other California ports in the events of war with Mexico

question

Which of the following statements describes the Slidell mission to Mexico in December 1845?

answer

It failed because Mexico had suspended diplomatic relations with the US and refused to even see Slidell

question

In 1845, Texans claimed that their boundary extended...

answer

To the Rio Grande on the south and west

question

James K. Polk's declaration that American blood has been shed "upon American soil" was his call for..

answer

War with Mexico

question

Which of the following statements describes the American invasion of Mexico in 1846?

answer

The Americans captured Matamoros, Monterrey, and Tampico and most of northeastern Mexico

question

Despite stiff Mexican resistance, American forces also secured control of which future state in 1847?

answer

California

question

What did the Wilmot Proviso, introduced in Congress in 1846, propose to do?

answer

Prohibit slavery in any territory the US acquired from Mexico

question

Which of the following statements describes the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?

answer

The treaty purchased more than one-third of Mexico's territory for a mere $15 million

question

Americans who lined up behind the free soil cause in the late 1840s...

answer

Declared that slavery threatened American republicanism by undermining family farms

question

Why did radical abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison criticize the free-soil movement bitterly in the late 1840s?

answer

He founded its emphasis on freehold farming resist and insufficiently radical

question

Why did Democratic presidential candidate Lewis Cass propose the idea of squatter sovereignty in 1848?

answer

Cass hoped the plan would maintain the unity of the contentious Democratic Party with the slavery issue

question

Who of the following people is correctly matched to his position on the extension of slavery during the debate over the admission of California into the Union in 1850?

answer

Lewis Cass—supported popular sovereignty to address the slavery issue

question

Which of the following policies was implemented as part of the Compromise of 1850?

answer

Passage of a new Fugitive Slave Act

question

Popular sovereignty solved which of the following issues temporarily?

answer

Whether Congress had the authority to legislate slavery in the territories

question

Which of the following statements describes the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850?

answer

It denied alleged runaways a jury trial or the right to testify in their own defense

question

What happened in Christiana, Pennsylvania, in 1851?

answer

A group of African American and white abolitionists skirmish with a pose intent on capturing four fugitive slaves hidden in town

question

Which of the following statements describes the historical significance of Harriet Beecher Stowe's 1852 novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin?"

answer

It sparked an unprecedented discussion about race and slavery in the United States and abroad

question

The northern states responded to the 1850 Fugitive Slave Act by sponsoring...

answer

Personal-liberty laws

question

Which of the following developments occurred during the 1852 presidential campaign?

answer

Democrats nominate Franklin Pierce as a compromise candidate because he was a congenial man with southern sympathies

question

How did James Gadsden distinguish himself during Franklin Pierce's presidency?

answer

He bought a small amount of land form Mexico to facilitate a southern transcontinental railroad (New Orleans to Los Angeles)

question

During the 1850s, proslavery American expansionists attempted to acquire which of the following regions?

answer

Cuba

question

In 1854, why did Senator Stephen A. Douglas introduce a bill to extinguish Native American rights in the Great Plains and organize the northern segment of the Louisiana Purchase into a large territory called Nebraska?

answer

He wanted to build a transcontinental railroad from Chicago to Northern California

question

The 1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act led to which of the following outcomes?

answer

The Missouri Compromise of 1820 was repealed

question

Which of the following statements described the American Party, or Know-Nothings, that emerged in the North in the 1850s?

answer

The American Party originated in anti-immigrant and anti-Catholic societies of the 1840s

question

How did the Franklin Pierce administration approach the settlement and organization of the Kansas Territory in 1854 and 1855?

answer

Pierce officially favored the legitimacy of the proslavery legislature in Lecompton

question

Which of the following events took place in Kansas during the summer of 1856?

answer

John Brown and his followers murdered and mutilated five proslavery settlers at Pottawatomie

question

From 1854 to 1856, which of the following was the fundamental principle all Republicans agreed on?

answer

An absolute opposition to the expansion of slavery into any new territories

question

Which of the following scenarios occurred during the 1856 presidential election?

answer

The Republicans emerged as a formidable replacement for the Whigs and came close to winning the election

question

The 1857 Dred Scott decision had which of the following consequences?

answer

The decision persuaded many Republicans that the Supreme Court and President Buchanan were part of the "slave power" conspiracy

question

Which of the following statements describes President Buchanan's handling of the Kansas issue?

answer

He tried but failed to have Kansas admitted as a slave state and fractured the Democratic Party

question

The creation of the Republican Party, the Pottawatomie massacre, and the negation of the Missouri Compromise were all consequences of the...

answer

Kansas-Nebraska act

question

Abraham Lincoln belonged to which political party during his first four terms in the Illinois state legislature?

answer

Whigs

question

In an 1858 senate campaign speech, Abraham Lincoln...

answer

Warned that the nation could not endure as "a house divided against itself," that is, half slave and half free.

question

In 1858, in his so-called Freeport Doctrine, Stephen Douglas...

answer

Asserted that settlers could exclude slavery from a territory by not adopting local legislation to protect it

question

What was the outcome of the midterm election in 1858?

answer

Republicans won control of the U.S. House of Representatives

question

Which of the following individuals expressed public support for John Brown's attempt to ignore a slave rebellion in Virginia in 1859?

answer

Henry David Thoreau

question

Why did the Republican Party nominate Abraham Lincoln for presidency in 1860?

answer

His egalitarian image would attract votes among farmers and workers

question

In the aftermath of Lincoln's election to the presidency in 1860, southerners feared which of the following?

answer

Lincoln would break his promise and interfere with slavery where it existed

question

The movement toward secession in the winter of 1860-1861 proceeded the most rapidly in the...

answer

Deep/lower south

question

At which of the following points did the states of the Lower South secede and organize a provisional government of the Confederate States of American headed by Jefferson Davis?

answer

Before Buchanan left the White House and Lincoln was inaugurated

question

President Buchanan responded to the secession crisis by...

answer

Declaring secession illegal but claiming that the federal government had no power to force a state to return

question

The Crittenden Compromise of 1861 included a proposal to...

answer

Amend the Constitution to protect slavery where it already existed and the westward extension of the Missouri Compromise line

question

Which of the following describes the Crittenden Compromise?

answer

The plan was a failed attempt to prevent secession

question

After his inauguration in March 1861, Lincoln...

answer

Stated that secession was illegal and declared that he would enforce federal law

question

Why was the battle of Fort Sumter in April 1861 significant?

answer

It was the first battle of the Civil War

question

Which of the following statements describes Virginia's secession after the outbreak of the war?

answer

Many Virginia whites voted against secession but lost to those in favor of secession 88 to 55

question

Which of the following border states quickly joined the Confederacy in 1861?

answer

Tennessee

question

What was the Confederacy seeking to achieve with war in 1861?

answer

Permanent independence and "to be let alone"

question

On July 4, 1861, in a statement to a special session of Congress, President Lincoln...

answer

Declared that the war was a noble crusade that would determine the fate of democracy throughout the world

question

Which of the following statements describes Lincoln's military strategy at the beginning of the Civil War?

answer

Strike immediately against the Confederate capitol in Richmond, Virginia

question

Which of the following describes the outcome of the first Battle of Bill Run on July 21, 1861?

answer

Union troops panicked during a Confederate counterattack and retreated to Washington

question

How did the battles that took place in Virginia from June 25 to July 1, 1862, unfold?

answer

Lee ferociously attacked Union troops under McClellan as they were approaching Richmond

question

Why did Robert E. Lee invade Maryland in August and September 1862?

answer

He hoped that a victory over Union forces would humiliate Lincoln's government

question

Which of the following statements describes the significance of the Battle of Antietam?

answer

Lincoln removed McClellan from command after the battle for his timidity

question

The Civil War has been described as the first total war in modern times. A total war is defined as...

answer

One in which all the resources, including civilians, are mobilized for war

question

Why did President Lincoln decide to suspend habeas corpus during the Civil War?

answer

He believed it would stop disloyal activities, such as protests against the draft

question

The Enrollment Act of 1863...

answer

Led to riots in New York City

question

Which of the following describes the purpose of the U.S. Sanitary Commission?

answer

It was a voluntary organization in the North that provided medical services, distributed supplies and medicines, and recruited physicians and nurses

question

Which of the following was the major cause of death for Civil War soldiers?

answer

Disease and infection

question

How did the Confederacy, with its agricultural economy, acquire the products and equipment it needed to supply its army?

answer

Profits from cotton exports provided funds to purchase imported products

question

The Republican-dominated U.S. Congress took advantage of southerners' absence to institute which of the following reforms during the Civil War?

answer

A neomercantilist program of government assisted economic development

question

How did the Union raise money to pay for most of its Civil War costs?

answer

By issuing interest paying treasury bonds

question

Which of the following constituted a critical problem for the Confederacy during the Civil War?

answer

High levels of inflation

question

The Confederacy financed the civil war by...

answer

Issuing paper currency that was not backed by gold or silver

question

Which of the following characterizes government economic and political decision during the Civil War?

answer

Both governments utilized their national power to make decisions

question

Which of the following statements describes the place of emancipation in the Union's war aims in 1861 and 1862?

answer

Moderate Republican leaders began to redefine the war as a struggle, not only against Confederate armies, but also against the institution of slavery

question

During the early years of the Civil War, the term "contraband" came into use to describe...

answer

Freedom-seeking slaves who fled from Confederate masters to Union armies

question

Which of the following statements describes the movement toward emancipation within the Republican Party in 1862?

answer

Radical Republicans in Congress pushed moderates toward embracing their agenda of total abolition

question

The second Confiscation Act, passed in July 1862, declared that...

answer

Any slave who came to Union lines, through either flight or capture, would be forever free

question

The Emancipation Proclamation stated that...

answer

Saves in the rebel states would be freed

question

Which general is properly paired with a battle that he led?

answer

Confederate general Robert E. Lee—Antietam

question

Which pair of battles marked the turning point in the Civil War?

answer

Vicksburg and Gettysburg

question

Which of the following scenarios unfolded at the Battle of Gettysburg in July 1863?

answer

Picket's charge at the heart of the Union line was a costly blunder that forced a Confederate retreat

question

Which of the following resulted from the Union victories at Vicksburg and Gettysburg in 1863?

answer

Republicans swept the 1863 elections in Pennsylvania, Ohio, and New York

question

Why was the ship "Alabama" instrumental to the Confederate war effort?

answer

The warship captured or sank more than one hundred Union merchant ships

question

Why was the South unable to convince England to provide it with more support during the Civil War?

answer

England needed Union wheat more than the South's cotton

question

Why was the enlistment of African Americans in the Union army and their deployment in battle delayed until 1863?

answer

Most Union generals doubted that they would make good soldiers

question

Which of the following statements characterizes the role played by African Americans in the Civil War?

answer

African Americans served in segregated regiments and fought courageously

question

After being placed in charge of all Union armies in 1864, General Grant and Abraham Lincoln crafted which of the following new military strategies?

answer

An attack of every major Confederate army simultaneously

question

Which of the following describes the 1864 Shenandoah Valley campaign?

answer

Union troops led a scorched-earth campaign to punish farmers who had aided the South

question

Which of these statements describes events that took place during the 1864 presidential campaign?

answer

The Republicans temporarily changed their name to the National Union Party in order to attract the border states and Democratic votes

question

In his attack on Atlanta in the summer of 1864, Sherman's Union forces...

answer

Waged a campaign that began in July and succeeded in early September

question

Which issue caused a split in the Democratic Party during the election of 1864?

answer

Continuing the war

question

How did Abraham Lincoln fare in the 1864 presidential election?

answer

He was swept to victory in the wake of Sherman's capture of Atlanta

question

Approved by Congress in January 1865, the Thirteenth Amendment...

answer

Prohibited slavery throughout the United States

question

Why did so many Confederate soldiers flee their units by 1865?

answer

Poor white soldiers resented fighting for the benefit of wealthy slave owners and they needed to work

question

Which of the following describes the South after the conclusion of the Civil War in 1856?

answer

Many of the South's factories, railroads, and cities lay in ruins

question

According to the Constitution, which branch of government is responsible for readmitting states that have seceded from the Union?

answer

The Constitution does not address this question

question

Which of the following describes Lincoln's Ten Percent Plan, which he announced in December 1863?

answer

It specified that a state could return to the Union when 10 percent iof its voters took an oath of loyalty to the Union

question

How was the Wade-Davis Bill of 1864 different from Lincoln's Ten Percent Plan?

answer

It stipulated that new southern governments could be formed only by those who had not fought against the North in the Civil War

question

How did Abraham Lincoln respond to the Wade Davis Bill in 1864?

answer

He did not sign it and he opened talks with key congressional representatives to find a compromise solution

question

Southern whites responded to the end of slavery by enacting...

answer

Black codes

question

Under President Johnson's restoration plan, high-ranking Confederate leaders and wealthy southerners...

answer

Could request and expect to receive presidential pardons that exempted them from punishment

question

Which of the following statements describes the Freedmen's Bureau, which originated in 1865?

answer

Created by Congress, it helped ex-slaves adjust to freedom and secure their basic civil rights

question

The Civil Rights Act of 1866...

answer

Asserted that all former slaves would receive equal protection under the law

question

Why did Resident Johnson veto the Freedmen's Bureau law and Civil Rights Act in 1866?

answer

These two pieces of legislation posed too great a challenge to his deeply racist views

question

Which of these events spurred Congress to pass the Civil Rights Act in April 1866?

answer

The eruption of antiblack violence in various parts of the South

question

Which of the following scenarios took place in the federal government immediately after Congress passed the Civil Rights Act in April 1866?

answer

Republicans introduced an amendment declaring that "all persons born or naturalized in the United States" were citizens

question

Which of the following statements describes Radical Reconstruction?

answer

It aimed to reform the South and increase federal power

question

Which of the following was the final outcome of the congressional campaigns and elections of 1866?

answer

Johnson suffered a humiliating defeat as Republicans gained a three-to-one margin in Congress

question

Which of the following pairs identified with Radical Republicans?

answer

Charles Sumner and Thaddeus Stevens

question

Which of the following was the official reason Congress cited for impeaching Andrew Johnson?

answer

He infringed on the powers of Congress

question

Which of the following statements characterizes the congressional impeachment of Andrew Johnson?

answer

Radical Republicans failed to remove Johnson from office, but they damaged his power and authority

question

What was the outcome of the 1868 election?

answer

Republicans won the presidency and retained their two-thirds majority in both houses

question

Ratified in 1870, the Fifteenth Amendment...

answer

Forbade states from denying any citizen the right to vote on the grounds of race, color, or previous condition as a slave

question

Which of the following pairs is correctly matched?

answer

Civil Rights Act of 1866—allowed formerly enslaved people full access to the courts

question

Through which of the following practices did southerners avoid former slaves the right to vote?

answer

Collecting poll taxes

question

Why was it necessary to add the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments to the U.S. Constitution following the Civil War?

answer

The Constitution had condoned slavery and allowed states to set voting requirements

question

Which of these reforms originated with the Grant administration?

answer

Securing the right to vote for all male U.S. citizens regardless of race

question

Which of the following was Elizabeth Cady Stanton's response to the denial of women's suffrage while freedmen and immigrant men were being enfranchised?

answer

She made a racist attack on the uneducated black men who could vote while educated white women could not

question

Granting suffrage to African American males caused...

answer

A split in the women's movement

question

Which of the following statements characterizes the women's suffrage movement after the Civil War?

answer

Most suffragists agreed that they should concentrate on securing voting rights for African American men as a means to press for the same rights for all women

question

Expecting freedom from slavery near the end of the Civil War, most African Americans were eager to...

answer

Vote and secure land for economic independence

question

Which of the following statements describes the resettlement of former slaves in the South?

answer

Under Johnson's amnesty plan, ex-Confederates were allowed to recover their land, and freedmen were forced to work for them or leave

question

Why were many congressional leaders unwilling to consider breaking up plantations for independent farms to freed slaves?

answer

They hoped to restore cotton cultivation and the export of American cotton

question

Which of these statements describes the status of African American women in the Reconstruction-era South?

answer

Freedwomen valued their new right to marry legally and their opportunity to create a stable family life

question

Many African American sharecroppers became trapped in a vicious cycle of debt after the Civil War mainly because...

answer

They could not pay the high prices and interest that whites charged as the price of cotton declined in the 1870s

question

Which statement describes the sharecropping system that emerged to replace slavery in the South after the Civil War?

answer

Most sharecroppers believed it was preferable to a wage labor system

question

Which of the following groups composed the largest percentage of registered voters in Alabama and Mississippi in the late 1860s?

answer

Black Republicans

question

Some southerners used the term "scalawags" to describe...

answer

Southerners who supported the process of Reconstruction and were ridiculed by ex-Confederates as worthless traitors

question

During Reconstruction, why was southern Democrats' dismissal of black politicians as ignorant field hands misguided?

answer

Many had been free artisans or tradesmen

question

Those who participated in the creation and implementation of Radical Reconstruction intended to...

answer

Achieve a new southern society in the North's image with full equality and no racism

question

Southern Republicans state Reconstruction governments pursued which of the following goals?

answer

Expanding the legal rights of married women

question

A secret organization that functioned as the grassroots wing of Radical Republicanism in the South was called the...

answer

Union league

question

The Republican state Reconstruction governments in the South made significant and long-lasting achievements in...

answer

Public education

question

One critical flaw of southern Reconstruction governments was their...

answer

Support of the convict leasing system

question

Which of the following became critical community institutions for African Americans throughout the South during Reconstruction?

answer

Churches

question

Why was the Civil Rights Act of 1875 significant?

answer

The legislation was the last congressional effort to address Civil Rights until the 1960s

question

Which politician's death marked the waning of Radical Reconstruction?

answer

Charles Sumner

question

In the 1872 presidential election, the still disorganized Democratic Party...

answer

Allied with the reform-minded Liberal Republicans

question

Ex-Confederates who sought to return political and economic control of the South to white southerners after the Civil War were known as..

answer

Redeemers

question

What was the goal of the Ku Klux Klan under the leadership of former Confederate general Nathan Bedford Forrest in 1866?

answer

To use any means to damage the Republican government of Tennessee

question

In the Reconstruction South, the Ku Klux Klan was...

answer

Often indistinguishable from the Democratic Party

question

Reconstruction ended in 1877 because...

answer

The North lost interest in the cause

question

Why did Republicans nominate Rutherford B. Hayes for president in 1876?

answer

He had won a reputation for honesty and appeared to be safe from charges of corruption

question

Which of the following statements describes the election of 1876?

answer

The Democratic candidate won the popular vote, but Republican officials in three southern states certified Republican victories, sending two sets of electoral votes to Congress

question

Why was the election of 1876 significant?

answer

The outcome was determined by an electoral commission established by Congress

question

During and after the Civil War, the Republican Congress implemented its economic vision for the United States by...

answer

Subsidizing the transcontinental railroad

question

Which Reconstruction-era politician created the blueprint for American economic expansion and later imperialism?

answer

William Seward

question

The 1868 Burlingame Treaty achieved the American goal of...

answer

Settling terms of emigration for Chinese labors

question

Which of the following events demonstrated the newfound international power of the United States in the immediate aftermath of the Civil War?

answer

Britain's damage payments to the U.S.

question

How did the federal and state governments encourage railroad building in the nineteenth century?

answer

Both granted public lands to private companies

question

The federal government's Civil War debt was paid off primarily through...

answer

Tariff revenues

question

Republicans used which of the following arguments to justify high tariffs?

answer

Protection against European-style industrial poverty is necessary

question

Which constitutional amendment did the Supreme Court use in the 1870s to the 1890s to protect the rights of corporations- even through it had been written to protect individual rights?

answer

Fourteenth

question

Which of the following countries was the first to convert to the gold standard?

answer

Britain

question

The United States adopted the gold standard in the 1870s for its currency because...

answer

It hoped to encourage European investment in the United States

question

In 1867, the United States bought Alaska from...

answer

Russia

question

Which of the following was one of the reasons that the United States encouraged Chinese immigration after the Civil War?

answer

Many Chinese were useful railroad workers and farm laborers in the West

question

Which of the following describes the Homestead Act of 1862?

answer

Homesteaders were required to occupy and improve the land

question

In the 1860s and 1870s, Nevada's Comstock Lode, Colorado's Rocky Mountains, and South Dakota's Black Hills were all known for...

answer

Mining

question

Who benefitted most from the General Mining Act of 1872, which allowed individuals who discovered minerals on federally owned lang to work the claim and keep the proceeds?

answer

Powerful investors

question

Which of the following developments made open ranching feasible on the Great Plains between the 1860s and 1880s?

answer

The availability of free land

question

Which of the following statements accurately characterizes the post-Civil War western cattle boom?

answer

It attracted both investors seeking large profits and romantics drawn by the allure of the West

question

Why was it necessary for railroads and land speculators to promote settlement of the Great Plains in the late nineteenth century?

answer

Americans thought of the area as the Great American Desert

question

Which of the following technological advances played an important role in opening up the Great Plains to farming?

answer

Steel plows and other farm machinery

question

Which of the following groups called themselves the "Exodusters" in 1879?

answer

Blacks who migrated to Kansas

question

What distinguished farming on the plains in the 1880s from frontier farming in America fifty or one hundred years earlier?

answer

Plains farmers raised cash crops that sold on the global market

question

Which of the following statements describes women's experience in the West in the late nineteenth century?

answer

Single women made up between 5 and 20 percent on homesteaders in North Dakota

question

Which of the following was a consequence of widespread settlement on the Great Plains after the Civil War?

answer

New rights and opportunities for many women

question

Farmers on the Great Plains in the late nineteenth century often faced which of the following natural challenges that could easily destroy crops?

answer

Hailstorms

question

Which of the following statements describes the agricultural technique known as dry farming?

answer

It involved deep planting and quick harrowing after rainfalls

question

Why were late-nineteenth century farms on the Great Plains much larger than eastern farms?

answer

Dry-farming techniques required about three hundred acres to support a family

question

The phrase "The largest, longest-run agriculture and environmental miscalculation in American history" refers to...

answer

Farming the Great Plains

question

The majority of white settlers on the Great Plains in the late nineteenth century viewed themselves as...

answer

Conquerors over the wilds of nature

question

John Wesley Powell, in his "Report on the Lands of the Arid Regions of the United States" (1878), famously stated that...

answer

Massive cooperation under government control was the only way farming would succeed on the Great Plains

question

In 1872, which of the following was established by Congress as the first national park?

answer

Yellowstone

question

Which Indian tribe was pursued 1,100 miles and forced to surrender just south of the Canadian border in 1877?

answer

Nez Perce

question

What was the result of the first wildlife protection bill passed by Congress in 1874?

answer

President Grant vetoed the bill because he knew that killing the bison would cripple Indian resistance ***

question

Which of the following was a reason the U.S. government elected to define small preserves of "uninhabited wilderness" in the 1860s and 1870s?

answer

To contribute to the conquest of Native Americans in the West

question

Which of the following was the dominant northern Plains Indian tribe?

answer

Sioux

question

The largest mass execution in American history took place as a result of...

answer

The Dakota uprising

question

Which of the following is true of the Sand Creek Massacre?

answer

Cheyenne camp under protection was brutally attacked by state militia

question

Which president refashioned U.S. Indian policy in the latter half of the nineteenth century?

answer

Grant

question

White reformers, such as those who founded the Indian Rights Association, advocated for...

answer

The idea that Indians has the innate capacity to become equal with whites

question

Reformers believed that the best way to save Indians was through...

answer

Education

question

What was the purpose of Indian boarding schools in the late nineteenth century?

answer

To assimilate Native American children more easily into white culture

question

Which of the following factors contributed to the failure of the Indian peace policy in the late nineteenth century?

answer

Rivalries among different Catholic missionary groups

question

Why did Indians view reformers as just another white interest group?

answer

Reform groups sent mixed messages and made no promises that were kept

question

In "Lone Wolf v. Hitchcock" (1903), the Supreme Court...

answer

Ruled that Congress could ignore all existing Indian treaties

question

The Dawes Severalty Act of 1887 was intended to...

answer

Promote Indian assimilation by dividing their lands

question

As a result of the Dawes Severalty Act, Indian tribes...

answer

Lost almost two-thirds of their land

question

Which of the following phenomena led the U.S. government to dismantle the Indian reservation system it had previously established?

answer

White land hunger ***

question

Which Sioux leader led the forces that annihilated Colonel George A. Custer and his men on June 25, 1876?

answer

Sitting Bull

question

Following the Sioux victory at Little Big Horn, the U.S. government...

answer

Pursued the various bands of Sioux until they surrendered

question

Why did the Ghost Dance movement spread so quickly in Native American reservations in the late 1880s and early 1890s?

answer

The Dance fostered native peoples' hope that they could drive away white settlers

question

Which of the following statements describes the historical significance of the Battle of Wounded Knee?

answer

The massacre of the Lakotas there stands as an indictment of U.S. Indian policy and western expansionism

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