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Representative democracy allows individuals to gain political power through

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E. competitive elections

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The Declaration of Independence explicitly stated that governments were instituted among men to

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D. secure rights

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The Articles of Confederation created a

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D. league of friendship

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The Great Compromise finally allocated representation on the basis of

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C. population in the House and statehood equality in the Senate

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Relative to the notion of democratic government, the Supreme Court's power of judicial review

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A. places limits on majority rule

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Dividing power between the states and the national government is referred to as

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E. federalism

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For the Founders, federalism was a device to

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A. protect personal liberty

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The Founders did not include in the U.S. Constitution an explicit statement of state powers but added it later in

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C. The Tenth Amendment

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An important outcome of Marshall's ruling in McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) was to

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E. confirm the supremacy of the federal government in the exercise of the constitutional powers granted to Congress

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A ___________ system of government is one in which the states are sovereign and the national government is allowed to do only that in which the states permit

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C. confederation

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The basic element of U.S. political culture holds that people ought to take community affairs seriously and help out when they can

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D. Civic duty

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U.S. senators were not popularly elected until the _____________ amendment.

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D. Seventeenth

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The Preamble to the U.S. Constitution lists all of the following goals of government EXCEPT

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D. Democracy

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When registered nonvoters are asked why they did not vote, the most common response that they give refers to

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B. scheduling conflicts or being "too busy"

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Of the following statements, which one best describes voters relationship with political parties

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C. Voters are less attached to political parties today than they were a hundred years ago

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The Founders—and George Washington in particular—thought of political parties as

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B. "factions" motivated by ambition and self-interest.

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Over recent decades, research on party identification has found

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E. an increase in independents.

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In most states, candidates for office are chosen by

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C. primary elections

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National party conventions were developed as a reform of

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B. party caucuses

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Ticket-splitting helps create

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C. divided government

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The term superdelegate refers to

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A. elected officials and party leaders who are not required to pledge themselves in advance to a presidential candidate.

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After a decade of reforms, the Democrats and Republicans have come to represent to ideological a different sets of

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E. Upper-middle-class voters

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Of the following statements, which is true about party machines?

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A. Party machines are characterized by a high degree of leadership control over member activity.

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Which of the following statements about the two-party system is correct?

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B. The United States is one of the few countries with such a system

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The most recent independent candidate for president Who was able to get on the ballot in every state was

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A. Ross Perot

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National convention delegates, compared with their respective party members, tend to be

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A. More liberal if they are Democrats and more conservative if they are Republicans

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The disadvantage of the new primary system that has developed in the United States is that it

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B. increases the chances that the party will nominate a candidate who is unappealing to the average voter

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After party caucuses when national dominating conventions dominated, the real power, in selecting presidential nominees was wielded by

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B. local party leaders

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Most of the money that individual candidates spend during the course of a campaign is directed towards

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A. media-related activities

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A comprehensive study on political advertisements found that the largest number emphasized

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B. voters' fears

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The text suggests that the term campaigning has become a synonym for

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E. fundraising

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A major difference between presidential campaigns and congressional campaigns is that

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D. presidential races are generally more competitive.

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Which of the following statements best summarizes the value of presidential coattails to congressional candidates of the same party?

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E. They are becoming much less significant today.

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Voters tend to prefer a presidential candidate that has served in this type of elected office

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A. Governor

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When a district is so unequal that the votes of citizens are significantly diluted, it is

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A. malapportioned

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When a district is drawn in a bizarre or unusual shape to assist a candidate, it is

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D. gerrymandered

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To win the presidential nomination as opposed to the general election, candidates generally present themselves as

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D. more liberal if Democratic, more conservative if Republican

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Disputed congressional elections are decided by

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C. Congress

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In recent elections, candidates have relied increasingly on

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E. broadcasting to reach potential voters

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You must declare in advance that you are a registered member of a political party in a(n) _____________ primary.

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C. closed

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Based on research, presidential debates seem to

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D. have little effect on election results.

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In a(n) __________ primary, you decide when you enter the voting booth which party's primary you wish to participate in.

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B. open

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Interest groups are an important way for people to have their voices heard because

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E. all of the above are true

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Which is NOT an example of an interest group?

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D. green party

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PACs are created by __________ groups.

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E. all of the above are true

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Americans are more likely to join _________ than are citizens of other countries.

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C. religious and civic associations

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The reason Americans participate in civic associations more frequently than do citizens of other countries is

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E. their sense of political efficacy and civic duty.

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The single most important activity of interest groups, in the eyes of many lobbyists and academic students of lobbying, is

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B. supplying credible information.

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The increase in political action committees (PACs) might actually reduce the probability that members of Congress can be bought easily because

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E. money is available on every side of almost every conceivable issue.

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The Court's decision in Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission allowed __________ to fund "electioneering communications" within 30 days of a primary election.

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D. Options A, B, C, and D are true.

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In this country, the libel laws make it almost impossible to prevent press criticisms of

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A. public figures

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Although newspapers are rapidly losing their audience, they remain vitally important because

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C. much of what is on the Internet comes from newspapers

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During the 2010 midterm elections, more than half of all Americans used __________ to get political news about the elections.

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A. the Internet.

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The television weekly "60 Minutes" runs a segment on the role of local politicians in the drug trade. The issue soon becomes the subject of national debate. In these circumstances, "60 Minutes" is acting as a(n) ___________.

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A. gatekeeper

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When Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein wrote the stories that broke the Watergate scandal, the reporters were acting as ___________.

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C. watchdogs

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When it comes to the freedom of the press, the First Amendment has been interpreted as meaning that no government, federal or state, can

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A. place "prior restraints" on the press except under very narrowly defined circumstances

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Public distrust of the media

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A. appears to be growing.

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