question

What is another name for the "one drop rule" that is used for determining race?

answer

Hypodescent

question

All human beings of every "race" share what percentage of their DNA?

answer

99.9 %

question

The concept that people of European descent are superior to all others is:

answer

White Supremacy

question

What is described in the text as "an invisible package of unearned assets" that are the legacy of generations of racial discrimination?

answer

White Privilege

question

Many societies in the world divide people into groups based on supposed biological and social/intellectual differences. These groups are called:

answer

Races

question

A sense of historical, cultural, and sometimes ancestral connection to a group of people who are imagined to be distinct from those outside the group is known as a(n):

answer

Ethnicity

question

What term is used to describe a political entity located within a geographic boundary whose population shares a sense of culture, ancestry, and destiny?

answer

Nation-State

question

Sometimes a group of people breaks away from an ethnic group to form a new identity, and, in the past, two ethnic groups have combined to form a new and unique identity. These are examples of:

answer

Ethnogenesis

question

The tendency of many ethnic groups that join American culture to assimilate has been described as a(n):

answer

Melting Pot

question

Most ethnic groups establish traits that set them apart from others and identify members of their own group. These are known as:

answer

Ethnic Boundary Markers

question

A person who believes that Italians are somehow "inferior" and therefore refuses to give an Italian person a job is demonstrating:

answer

Individual Racism

question

Laws in the United States that allowed such things as "white only" swimming pools, restaurants, schools, beaches, and the like, similar to apartheid in South Africa, were known as:

answer

Jim Crow

question

What country only exists during the ninety minutes its team plays a soccer match?

answer

England

question

The Bafokeng people of South Africa formed the corporation Royal Bafokeng Nation, Inc. to:

answer

Recover land taken by white settlers

question

According to Aztec tradition, they wandered across what is today Mexico until they came to an island with an eagle standing on a cactus with a snake in its mouth. According to their prophecy, this would be their new home. The Aztecs established their capital city on an island in Lake Texcoco, where tradition said they found the eagle. This demonstrates the concept of a(n):

answer

Origin Myth

question

In the United States, ________ are those most subject to nonfatal intimate partner violence.

answer

Women between the ages of twenty and twenty-four

question

Studies of physical differences indicate that:

answer

Human male and female bodies are more similar than different.

question

Anthropologists define ________ as the expectations of thought and behavior that each culture assigns to individuals.

answer

Gender

question

Mapping the global scope of diverse human sexual beliefs and behaviors is called the:

answer

Ethnocartography of human sexuality

question

In Kano, Nigeria, Rudolf Gaudio found that the code term for men who have sex with other men is:

answer

Masu Harka

question

The experience of being a middle-class black lesbian

answer

Is a unique status reflecting the intersectionality of race, class, and sexuality.

question

Contemporary anthropologists study sexuality:

answer

In cultures worldwide, including Western cultures

question

Which of the following is described as a lack of attraction to others?

answer

Asexuality

question

The scale describing a spectrum of human sexuality with exclusively heterosexual behavior on one end and exclusively homosexual behavior on the other is known as:

answer

The Kinsey Scale

question

Machismo is defined as

answer

a strong, sometimes exaggerated performance of masculinity.

question

Students at Antioch College developed a sexual offense policy centered on which of the following guidelines?

answer

"yes means yes"

question

According to contemporary cultural anthropologists, humans in most cultures engage in sexual activity:

answer

Both for procreation and fun

question

Ida Susser's initial research focused on:

answer

Social Change in Brooklyn (New York City)

question

Among the eight UN Millennial Goals, one that highlights gender issues specifically is to:

answer

Promote Gender Equality and Empower Women

question

By studying the "fag discourse" in US schools, anthropologists have learned that:

answer

Girls can increase their status by performing masculine behavior.

question

Clans that do not permit marriages within the group are considered:

answer

Exogamous

question

Which of the following statements about marriage is true?

answer

Marriage occurs in every culture in some form, but its exact characteristics vary widely.

question

Which of the following commonly creates socially recognized relationships that may involve physical and emotional intimacy, sexual pleasure, reproduction and raising of children, mutual support and companionship, and shared legal rights to property and inheritance?

answer

Marriage

question

Which of the following types of descent groups traces kinship through both the mother and the father?

answer

Ambilineal

question

Families and kinship networks have the power to provide support and to nurture, as well as to ensure reproduction of which of the following?

answer

The next generation

question

Individuals learn basic patterns of human behavior from their families in a process termed:

answer

Enculturation

question

Which type of assisted reproductive technology involves the implantation of a woman's egg that has been fertilized in a laboratory?

answer

In Vitro Fertilization

question

A patrilineal descent group traces kinships through which side of the family?

answer

Father's

question

What is a gift exchange practice that helps stabilize a marriage by establishing a vested interest for both the groom's and bride's extended families in the success of the marriage.

answer

Bridewealth

question

Which type of marriage between two individuals is negotiated in order to form economic and political alliances between larger kinship groups?

answer

Arranged

question

Cousins who are children of a father's brother or a mother's sister are considered which type of cousin?

answer

Parallel Cousins

question

Early anthropologists identified how many primary systems used to classify relatives in the parental generation, including the bifurcate merging system?

answer

Four

question

Both matrilineal and patrilineal patterns of descent build kinship groups through either one genealogical line (the mother's side) or the other (the father's side), which reflects which type of descent?

answer

Unilineal

question

Which of the following is the practice of formalizing and legalizing a marriage through the exchange of gifts from the bride's family to the husband's family?

answer

Dowry

question

The practice of requiring an individual to marry someone within their own group is considered:

answer

Endogamy

question

What are the two basic social units typically found in foraging societies?

answer

Nuclear Family and Band

question

The incest taboo is a cultural universal, but

answer

Not all cultures define incest the same way.

question

In what way is exogamy adaptive?

answer

It increases the number of individuals that one can rely on in times of need.

question

What term is used to refer to a nonhuman apical ancestor of a clan?

answer

Totem

question

What term refers to a unilineal descent group whose members claim, but cannot demonstrate, common descent from an apical ancestor?

answer

Clan

question

What is polygyny ?

answer

A situation in which a man has more than one wife at the same time

question

Which of the following statements about the incest taboo is true?

answer

The incest taboo does not eliminate incest

question

What is the most stable social group among band societies with a seasonal pattern of population dispersal?

answer

The nuclear family

question

In matrilineal societies

answer

Descent groups include only the children of the group's women.

question

Gezon and Kottak argue that the relatively high incidence of expanded family households among poorer North Americans is

answer

An adaptation to poverty

question

Biological differences between males and females, other than contrasts in breasts and genitals, is known as

answer

Sexual Dimorphism

question

Which of the following is not part of the patrilineal-patrilocal complex?

answer

Reduced gender stratification

question

Which of the following statements about the domestic-public dichotomy is true?

answer

It tends to be more pronounced among food producers than among foragers.

question

In general, societies with the patrilineal-patrilocal complex are characterized by all of the following except

answer

Inheritance of land and prestige through female lines.

question

What have recent cross-cultural studies of gender roles demonstrated?

answer

The relative status of women is variable, depending on factors such as subsistence strategy, the importance of warfare, and the prevalence of a domestic-public dichotomy.

question

Which of the following statements about the patrilineal-patrilocal complex is true?

answer

Men control the distribution of goods outside the domestic sphere.

question

More than half of American households with incomes below the poverty line

answer

are headed by women

question

A political system ruled by men in which women have inferior status is known as a(an)

answer

patriarchy

question

The worldwide increase in female-headed households stems from all of the following except

answer

decreasing divorce rates

question

The fact that chimpanzees and other nonhuman primates engage in masturbation and same-sex sexual activity suggests that

answer

Flexibility in sexual expression is part of humans' primate heritage

question

Which of the following is a major difference between Brazilian and American racial classifications?

answer

In the United States, social race is determined at birth and does not change, but in Brazil, racial identity can change from day to day.

question

What is the term for identification with, and feeling part of, a cultural group, and exclusion from other cultural groups?

answer

Ethnicity

question

Some populations like the Polynesians, the San, or the people of northern India have phenotypes that do not fit neatly into "standard" racial categories. This suggests that

answer

Phenotypical variation between human populations involves gradual shifts across different geographic zones, rather than sharp breaks indicative of discrete races.

question

What is the term for policies and practices that harm a group and its members?

answer

Discrimination

question

What rule automatically places the children of a union between members of different groups in the minority group?

answer

Hypodescent

question

Instead of asking about race, what does the Canadian census form ask about?

answer

Visible Minorities

question

Today, rather than attempting to classify humans into racial categories, biologists and anthropologists are

answer

Seeking to explain why specific biological variations occur.

question

What term refers to the devaluing of a group because of its assumed behavior, values, abilities, or attributes?

answer

Prejudice

question

In what sense are nationalities "imagined communities"?

answer

Despite their shared feeling of comradeship, most members of a nationality will never meet; they only imagine that they participate in the group.

question

What term refers to the destruction of an ethnic group's culture?

answer

Ethnocide

question

Which type of a situation is most likely to result in a matrilineal-matrilocal society?

answer

Warfare is infrequent

question

Which of the following is not culturally constructed?

answer

Sex

question

Which of the following statements about Etoro conceptions of heterosexual intercourse is not true?

answer

It was permitted to take place only in a couple's residence.

question

In most patrilineal-patrilocal horticultural societies

answer

Women are the primary producers of subsistence crops.

question

A policy of ethnic expulsion or ethnic persecution may create

answer

Refugee Populations

question

Discrimination that is not legally sanctioned is known as

answer

de facto discrimination.

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