question

Dark-skinned people are found in equatorial regions because:

answer

dark skin is a genetic adaptation to ultraviolet radiation.

question

If the replacement theory is correct, then:

answer

archaic and modern humans should overlap in time in most locations.

question

The increasing role of culture, complex social structures, increased brain size, and complex mental activities most likely occurred in:

answer

Homo erectus

question

According to the \"out of Africa\" theory, the disappearance of Neandertals resulted from:

answer

modern Homo sapiens evolving first in Africa and migrating to other areas, eventually replacing Neandertals.

question

The site at Middle Awash River Valley, Ethiopia, has yielded fossil discoveries of:

answer

both archaic and modern human ancestors.

question

Complex innovations that allow humans to cope with the environment are called:

answer

cultural adaptations

question

Scientists who study fossil remains of our early human ancestors are called:

answer

paleoanthropologists

question

Around 15,000 yBP, modern Homo sapiens had left Asia and migrated to:

answer

North and South America

question

Modern Homo sapiens first entered Australia about:

answer

40,000 years ago

question

What is the term for the natural history of Earth and the universe, including the span of human existence?

answer

Deep Time

question

The \"Hobbit\" of Flores Island, Indonesia, is characterized by all of the following, EXCEPT:

answer

powerful jaw with large molars.

question

A group of related organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile, viable offspring are called a:

answer

species

question

Ultraviolet radiation can cause which of the following?

answer

destruction of folate

question

Gene migration is defined as:

answer

exchange of genes between populations

question

The process that preserves an organism through a chemical process that turns it partially or wholly into rock is called:

answer

fossilization

question

A pseudoscience attempting to scientifically prove the existence of separate human races to improve the population's genetic composition by favoring some races over others is known as:

answer

eugenics

question

Many societies in the world divide people into groups based on supposed biological and social/intellectual differences. These groups are called:

answer

races

question

All human beings of every \"race\" share what percentage of their DNA?

answer

99.9%

question

What comprises all of the inherited genetic factors that provide the framework for an organism's physical form?

answer

genotype

question

After the Civil War, many states passed laws mandating the segregation of American citizens of European and African descent. These policies were known as:

answer

Jim Crow

question

Most ethnic groups establish traits that set them apart from others and identify members of their own group. These are known as:

answer

ethnic boundary markers

question

When part of an ethnic group splits off or two groups combine to form a new group that identifies itself separately, this is known as:

answer

ethnogenesis

question

A group of people who share an idea of cultural and ancestral connection and who see themselves as distinct from people in other groups is described as a(n):

answer

ethnicity

question

Since ethnicity is not biologically fixed, self-identification with a particular ethnic group can change through what process?

answer

situational negotiation of identity

question

What metaphor is used to describe the process of immigrant assimilation into U.S. dominant culture?

answer

melting pot

question

Practices like segregation that separate groups of people and relegate one group to inferior conditions like run-down schools while the other group gets top-of-the-line schools with the latest equipment is an example of:

answer

institutional racism

question

A marriage between a white person and someone of an \"inferior race\" was referred to as:

answer

miscegenation

question

The French have a strong sense of connection to their history, ideals, and culture that binds them together, and this is clearly missing in Iraq. This illustrates the concept of:

answer

ethnicity

question

The desire of Scots to have their own independent country of Scotland, separate from the United Kingdom, which they are a part of now, illustrates the concept of:

answer

nationalism

question

The text notes that the stories of the Mayflower, the first Thanksgiving, the Boston Tea Party, the American Revolution, and the settling of the West are retold to emphasize a shared destiny as well as the values of freedom, exploration, and individualism. These illustrate the concept of a(n):

answer

origin myth

question

Gender stereotypes are defined as:

answer

culturally based preconceived notions about the attributes of differences between, and proper roles for, men and women.

question

Anne Fausto-Sterling's analysis of biological sexual identity identifies:

answer

five sexes, including intersexuals.

question

The phrases \"boys will be boys\" and \"it's a girls' thing\" reflect gender:

answer

stereotypes

question

Gender is defined as:

answer

the expectation of thought and behavior that each culture assigns to people of different sexes.

question

Gender ideology is defined as:

answer

a set of cultural ideas about the essential character of different genders that functions to promote and justify gender stratification.

question

________ is gender identity displayed through action.

answer

performance

question

Geneticists have been able to successfully identify:

answer

no gene or cluster of genes that determines sexuality.

question

Contemporary anthropologists study sexuality:

answer

in cultures worldwide, including Western cultures.

question

Which of the following is NOT an example of the attempt to regulate aspects of sexuality by cultural institutions such as the government?

answer

age of licensed driver

question

All of the following are examples of sexuality in contemporary media and politics, EXCEPT:

answer

the debate over U.S. intervention in Syria.

question

Sexuality involves:

answer

both personal choices and cultural ideas.

question

According to contemporary cultural anthropologists, humans in most cultures engage in sexual activity:

answer

both for procreation and fun.

question

The Victorian ideal of sexuality was heavily influenced by which of the following:

answer

Christian teachings.

question

The restudy of women's role in the Trobriand Island exchanges indicated that:

answer

women and men played complementary roles in the exchange of foods.

question

Sex tourists in the Dominican Republic are typically:

answer

white European men.

question

The incest taboo universally prohibits sexual relations:

answer

between parents and children and siblings.

question

Which of the following builds kinship ties between two people who are not typically immediate biological kin?

answer

marriage

question

Which of the following statements about kinship is true?

answer

Kinship is the system that determines who is related to whom in a given society

question

Which type of marriage between two individuals is negotiated in order to form economic and political alliances between larger kinship groups?

answer

arranged

question

Individuals learn basic patterns of human behavior from their families in a process termed:

answer

enculturation

question

________is a gift exchange practice that helps stabilize a marriage by establishing a vested interest for both the groom's and bride's extended families in the success of the marriage.

answer

Bridewealth

question

Which of the following phenomenon is currently placing stress on kinship systems worldwide?

answer

globalization

question

Which of the following commonly creates socially recognized relationships that may involve physical and emotional intimacy, sexual pleasure, reproduction and raising of children, mutual support and companionship, and shared legal rights to property and inheritance?

answer

marriage

question

Which of the following types of marriage consists of one individual married to one other individual only (most commonly one man married to one woman)?

answer

monogamy

question

Which of the following is a descent group that is constructed through the mother's side of the family?

answer

matrillineal

question

Cousins who are children of a mother's brother or father's sister are considered which type of cousins?

answer

cross-cousins

question

Which of the following types of marriage specifically involves the union of one man to two or more women?

answer

polygyny

question

Which of the following is the practice of formalizing and legalizing a marriage through the exchange of gifts from the bride's family to the husband's family?

answer

dowry

question

The two types of descent groups distinguished by anthropologists are clans and:

answer

lineages

question

One way in which humans construct kinship groups is by tracking genealogical:

answer

descent

Anth101 Exam 2 Quiz Questions

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