American History: Final Exam – Flashcards
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Geographical divisions to standardize time in specific zones
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Time Zone
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Gift of land in return for settling on it
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Land Grant
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A railroad that stretches across the continent
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Transcontinental Railroad
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Businesses involved in manufacturing, transportation, and communications
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Industry
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The replacement of manual labor with machinery
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mechanization
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One group or company's exclusive ownership and control of a market
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monopoly
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A business that sell stock to shareholders and uses the money to invest in business
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corporation
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He developed a giant steel corporation,
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Andrew Carnegie
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Before WWII, WWI was called this
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The Great War
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The US tried to remain ____ during WWI
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neutral
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What was the "spark" that set off WWI?
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Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand,
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Countries that join an alliance agree to:
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help each other if attacked
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Alliances in Europe before WWI were ___
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secret
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President during WWI,
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Woodrow Wilson
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To prepare the army&navy for war is to:
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mobilize
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During WWI all men aged 21-30 had to register for the ___
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draft
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The War Industries Board organized:
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the nation's industries
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During WWI sauerkraut in the US was called liberty cabbage because of
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bad feelings toward Germans
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The Food Administration oversaw the nation's ___ output.
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farm
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The Committee on Public Information tried to:
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rally people in support of the war
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President Wilson's peace plan
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Fourteen Points
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The treaty of Versailles included rules to punish:
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Germany
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Wilson's 14 points were ___ by the Senate
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rejected
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A group of people sharing racial or cultural background
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ethnic group
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Agreement among countries to work together; help each other
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alliance
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Agreement to temporarily suspend fighting in a war
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armistice
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Disagree or have an opinion that is different
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dissent
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Organization to help nations settle disputes after WWI
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League of Nations
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Migration of 500,000 African-Americans to the North
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The Great Migration
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Money paid by a losing country for war damages
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reparations
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A nation's ability to act on its own
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sovereignty
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European countries formed alliances to
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defend one another if attacked
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The years of WWI were
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1914-1918
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This lawmaking groups said no to Treaty of Versailles
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Senate
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Soldiers on both sides of WWI spent a great deal of time fighting in
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trenches
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Making large amounts of goods by machines
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mass production
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Buildings, roads, and other structures for use by all
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public works
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People who buy goods
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consumers
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To take ownership because a borrower has failed to pay a loan
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foreclose
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Place where shares in a company are bought and sold
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stock market
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Agreement to pay off a loan by making payments over time
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installment credit
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WWI veterans who wanted Congress to give WWI veterans early bonus
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bonus army
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Maximum number of people accepted into a nation
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quotas
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Business is slow, high unemployment, falling wages
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depression
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Another word for relief
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aid
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Blamed for not doing enough during Great Depression
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Hoover
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First woman to fly across Atlantic
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Earhart
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First person ever to fly over Atlantic Ocean
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Lindberg
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Communists support:
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a state-run economy
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This made automobiles affordable for middle class
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mass production
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A period of flourishing Africa-American art, music and literature
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Harlem Renaissance
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Marked and end to prosperity of 1920s
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stock market crash
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Women of the 1920s were wore shorter hair, dresses
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flappers
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The ____ Scare was a fear of communism taking over
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Red
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Hoover felt that help during the Depression should come from:
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local and state governments
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The murdering of an entire race or tribe
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genocide
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Planted to help ease the shortage for fresh produce
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Victory Gardens
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To allow only a certain amount of food, gasoline, etc. to each person
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ration
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A soldier who returns home from war
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veteran
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"Big Three" of WWII
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Stalin, Churchill, Roosevelt
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Hitler's invasion of this country started WWII
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Poland
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Benito Mussolini was the leader of this country
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Italy
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In 1939 the Soviet Union and Germany signed
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a non-aggression pact
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Dictator of Germany
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Hitler
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During the ---- there was a world-wide depression
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1930s
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U.S. enters WWII
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1941
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Invasion of France by the Allies
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D-Day
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Number of Jewish people killed in Holocaust
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over 6 million
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Admiral Nimitz wanted to set this up on Pacific Islands
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airfields
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Decided to drop the Atomic Bomb
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President Truman
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Kamikazes were
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Japanese pilots who flew suicide missions
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Second atomic bomb was dropped here
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Nagasaki
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First atomic bomb was dropped here
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Hiroshima
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This battle lasted a month; 20,000 Americans died
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Iwo Jima
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Elected president 4 times
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Franklin D. Roosevelt
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President blamed for the Great Depression
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Herbert Hoover
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Continent with Germany, France, Spain
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Europe
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After WWII, this was divided into 4 zones
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Germany
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Group including Japan, Germany, Italy
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Axis Powers
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Group included Great Britain, France & U.S.
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Allies
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Increasing prices when there is more money available than goods
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inflation
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Relocation place for Japanese Americans during WWII
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Internment camps
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U.S. President at the start of WWII
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Franklin D. Roosevelt
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Leader of Great Britain during WWII
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Winston Churchill
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Anit-semitism is the discrimination against
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Jewish people
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WWII began in this year
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1939
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WWII ended in this year
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1945
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Idea that a communist countries cause others to fall to communism
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domino theory
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Help and assistance from one country to another
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foreign aid
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Officially condemn or stop someone
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censure
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The plan to send aid to help rebuild Europe after WWII
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Marshall Plan
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A plan for how a country deals with other countries
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foreign policy
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Government of North Korea
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communist
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Government of South Korea
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democratic
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Truman's nickname for Congress
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"Do-Nothing"
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Counties against communism formed:
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NATO
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Place of employment that allows only union worker
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closed shop
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Accused people of being communists with little proof
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Senator McCarthy
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The Soviet Union failed to block the UN vote to send aid to Korea because they had
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walked out to protest another matter
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Residential areas surrounding cities
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suburbs
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Music style using aspects fo blues and African-American folk music
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rhythm and blues
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Measurement of quality of life
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standard of living
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Middle-class workers who do not engage in manual labor
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white-collar
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Large numbers of similar houses mass produced
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tract housing
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Person who flees their country to avoid persecution
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refugee
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Forms of communication reaching a large audience
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mass media
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The continental/larger part of a country not including islands
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mainland
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Differences of ideas between parents and their children
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generation gap
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To travel in search of work or food
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migrate
