Additional Study Guide for Practicing for Esthetics State Board Exam
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Number of nerve endings found within 1 inch of skin
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1,300
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Number of oil glands found within 1 inch of skin
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100
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Number of cold & heat receptors found within 1 inch of skin
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12
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Nerves found within 1 inch of skin
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12 feet
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Blood vessels found within 1 inch of skin
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15 feet
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Capillaries found within 1 inch of skin
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15 feet
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Number of pressure receptors found within 1 inch of skin
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155
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Number of hairs found within 1 inch of skin
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65
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Number of sweat glands found within 1 inch of skin
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650
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4 elements needed: Nourishment, Protection, Function & Proliferation
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Cell Survival
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Red/yellow type of melanin
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Pheomelanin
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Dark/black type of melanin
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Eumelanin
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Another name for Basal layer or Stratum Germinativum
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Birth layer
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Replaced every seven years
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Bones
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Cells that divide into two identical cells
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Daughter Cells
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Forms the hard palate of the mouth, not affected by facial massage
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Palatine bones (2)
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also known as the nasal bone, thin layers of spongy bone on either of the outer walls for the nasal septum, not affected by facial massage
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Turbinal (1)
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flat, thin bone that forms part of the nasal septum, not affected by facial massage
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Vomer (1)
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Greek word for "to produce"
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Gennan
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The fluid matrix in the dermis
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Ground Substance
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Another name for water
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Hydro
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Technical term for oil-water balance on the skin's surface
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Hydrolipidic
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Surround cells and provide protection, hydration & nourishment to the cells
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Intercellular Lipids and Proteins
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Greek word for glue
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Kolla
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Oil
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Lipidic
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Phospholipids, glycolipids, cholesterol, triglycerides, squalene & waxes
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Lipids
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How much liquids containing salts are eliminiated daily thru sudoriferous pores in the skin
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One or two pints
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Examples are Mexican wild yam, sage, hops & soy
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Phytoestrogen
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Sense of touch
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Tactile
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Transepidermal Water Loss, the water loss caused by evaporation of the skin's surface
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TEWL
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An enzyme involved in melanin production
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Tyrosinase
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Located in the uppermost part of the midbrain had has 2 main parts, Thalamus and Hypothalamus
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Diencephalon
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Located in the lower part of the diencephalon, controls many bodily functions such as body temperature; it also controls the pituitary gland
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Hypothalamus
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Located in the upper part of the diencephalon acts as a relay station for sensory impulses and play a role in the recognition of pain and temperature in the body
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Thalamus
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The rapid oxidation of a substance, accompanied by the production of the heat and light
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Combustion
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Water loving or capable of combining with or attracting water
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Hydrophilic
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Oil loving or having a affinity or attraction to fats & oils
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Lipophilic
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Term for opening of the follicle
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Ostium
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Similar to open comedones, mainly solidified impaction of oil without the cell matter
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Sebaceous filaments
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An acquired, thickened patch of epidermis. Example Callus or a corn
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Keratoma
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An adnormal growth many are benign or harmless also used to describe wasting away
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Hypertrophy
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Hair grows under the surface, instead of growing up & out of the follicle, causing a bacterial infection
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Folliculitis
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Razor bumps without the pus or infection
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Pseudofolliculitis
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Benign lesions frequently seen in the oilier areas of the face. Over growths of the sebaceous glands appear similar to open comedones - doughnut shaped
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Sebaceous hyperplasia
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A type of fungi that cause skin, hair & nail infections
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Dermaphytes
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Cutaneous infections acquired from whirlpools, footbahs, caused a concern in pedicure industry in 2000
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Mycobacterium Fortuitum Furunculous
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One celled microorganisms with both plant & animal charactertistics
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Bacteria
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Vegetable (plant) parasites, including molds, mildews & yeasts
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Fungi
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A disease of the scalp, but occurring occasionally on any part of the skin & even at times on mucous membranes
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Favus
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A hospital grade disfectant that is formulated to destroy viruses
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Virucidal
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Responsible for food poisening and a wide range of diseases including toxic shock syndrome
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Staph
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Previously used in spas or salons as a disinfectant for its anti-bacterial properties, is no longer considered safe
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Fomalin
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A caustic poision (carbonic acid) used to reliably to disinfect implements
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Phenol
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Should be mixed disinfectant to water; not water to disinfectant
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Disinfectants
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Instruments disinfected in 5% solution of Phenolic Disinfectant
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Metal implements
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Takes 10 - 15 minutes to disinfectant instruments
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Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QUATS)
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Process of properly handling sterilized and disinfected equipment and supplies so that they do not become contaminated by microorganisms until they are used on a client
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Aseptic procedure
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Bacterium that cause infections in different parts of the body, resistant to some commonly used antibotics
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Methicillin-resistant staphylocous aureus (MRSA)
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Bacteria that rarely shows active mobility or self movement
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Cocci
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A hospital grade disfectant that is formulated to destroy bacteria
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Bactericidal
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A hospital grade disfectant that is formulated to destroy fungi
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Fungicidal
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A hospital grade disfectant that is formulated to destroy pseudomonas bacteria
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Pseudomonacidal
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A hospital grade disfectant that is formulated to destroy tuberculosis
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Tuberculocidal
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Metals, minerals and pure water are examples of
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Inorganic
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Gasoline, plastics, synethic fabrics, and fertilizers are examples of
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Organic
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Also known as compounds
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Compound molecules
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Contain two or more atoms of the same element that are united chemically
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Elemental molecules
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Elemental molecules & compound molecules
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Two types of molecules
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Chemical reaction creates a chemical change in the identity of the substance
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Oxidation
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When an acid is mixed with an alkali, also called a base, in equal proportions to neutralize each other and form water (H2O) and a salt
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Acid-alkalie neturalization
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Rapid, oxidation of any substance, accompanied by the production of heat and light
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Combustion
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Cause an oxidation reaction and produce a new one of these in the process and also known as super oxidixers
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Free radicals
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One of the most common types of chemical reactions
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Oxidation-reduction
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Intensive mxing of mutally insoluble substances to obtain a soluble suspension or emulsion, for example homogenzing milk so that the cream doesn't separate out
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Homogenization
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Complete mirror images of each other, much as one's left & right hands are "the same" but opposite
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Enantiomer
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Surface active agents that reduces surface tension between the skin & the product to increase product spreadability
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Surfactants
