Geology 100: Rivers – Flashcards
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Stream discharge is a function of which two variables?
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Velocity and cross-sectional area
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How does urbanization (paving, etc.) affect runoff and infiltration in a small, previously forested, drainage basin?
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infiltration decreases; runoff increases
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Where is erosion concentrated along a meandering stream?
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on the outer parts of the meander loops or bends Question 4
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Which of the following is the correct definition of stream gradient?
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the change in elevation of a stream divided by the distance the water travels
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________ is an abandoned, cutoff, meander loop.
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An oxbow
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If a stream channel is of constant width and depth, how must increased discharge be accommodated?
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increased velocity
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What type of river channel is characterized by multiple channels and gravel bars?
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braided
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How do point bars and cut banks differ from one another in a stream system?
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Cut banks are sites of erosion, while point bars are sites of deposition.
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The degree of urbanization consists of
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percentage of impervious cover and the percentage of area served by storm sewers
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How might attempts by humans to engineer structures to control floods actually increase flood damage?
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by encouraging development on the floodplain
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The floodplain is usually considered as a distinct system with respect to the river system.
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False
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Why is flood hazard mapping considered an important step in floodplain management?
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Flood hazard mapping guides appropriate development in the floodplain.
