Chapter 2 Quiz Questions Answers – Flashcards

In 1776, _____ discussed control and the principle of specialization with regard to manufacturing workers. A.Douglas McGregor B.Abraham Maslow C.Frederick Taylor D.Adam Smith E.Max Weber

_____ refer(s) to reductions in the average cost of a unit of production as the total volume produces increases. A.Sociotechnical systems B.Bureaucracy C.Economies of scale D.Quantitative management E.Systematic management

_____, one of the first university programs to offer management and business education, was founded in the late 19th century. A.Stanford Graduate School of Business at Stanford University B.Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University C.Harvard Business School at Harvard University D.The Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania E.MIT Sloan School of Management at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology

_____ is a classical management approach that attempted to build into operations the specific procedures and processes that would ensure coordination of effort to achieve established goals and plans. A.Scientific management B.Systematic management C.Human relations D.Administrative management E.Bureaucracy

In the context of administrative management, _____ wrote the book Dynamic Administration, which emphasized the continually changing situations that managers face. A.Mary Parker Follett B.Adam Smith C.Henri Fayol D.Max Weber E.Lillian Gilbreth

Which of the following is one of Henri Fayol's 14 principles of management? A.Rules and controls B.Qualifications C.Scalar chain D.Adaptation E.Ownership

Which of the following is one of the five functions of management as identified by Henri Fayol? A.Adapting B.Commanding C.Recognizing D.Rewarding E.Advancing

Which of the following is true of Abraham Maslow's contribution to the field of human relations? A.He concluded that management decisions were unsystematic. B.He was concerned with meeting the explosive growth in demand brought about by the industrial revolution. C.He advocated the application of scientific methods to analyze work. D.He emphasized maintenance of inventories to meet consumer demand. E.He suggested that humans have five levels of needs.

Abraham Maslow suggested that the most basic human need(s) is/are the: A.safety needs. B.need for love and belonging. C.need for esteem. D.physical needs. E.need for personal fulfillment.

Which of the following is a contemporary approach to management? A.Administrative management B.Human relations C.Quantitative management D.Systematic management E.Scientific management

In the context of the systems theory, human resources, capital, and raw material are examples of _____. A.outputs B.control systems C.economies D.contingencies E.inputs

The values, goals, skills, and attitudes of managers and workers in the organization are examples of _____. A.outputs B.tasks C.economies D.contingencies E.physical needs

Who is sometimes criticized for his controversial practices such as selling off underperforming divisions and forced rankings of employees by performance? A.Gary Hamel B.Sam Walton C.Herb Kelleher D.Jack Welch E.Jim Collins

The book Managing Across Borders: The Transnational Solution written by _____ with coauthor Sumatra Ghoshal was named by the Financial Times as one of the 50 most influential business books of the 20th century. A.Robert H. Waterman B.Gary Hamel C.Christopher A. Bartlett D.Stephen Covey E.Peter Senge

Thomas J. Peters and Robert H. Waterman wrote the best-selling book _____, which urged U.S. firms to fight their competition by refocusing their business strategies on several drivers of success: people, customers, values, culture, action, and an entrepreneurial spirit. A.The Future of Management B.In Search of Excellence C.Managing Across Borders: The Transnational Solution D.The Fifth Dimension: The Art and Practice of the Learning Organization E.Good to Great

In the context of scientific management, which of the following is true of Frederick Taylor's contributions? A.Taylor eventually focused less on the technical and more on the human side of management. B.Taylor believed that supervisors would be motivated to provide training to underperforming workers. C.Taylor advocated the use of the differential piecerate system. D.Taylor created the Gantt chart, which helps managers plan projects by task and time to complete those tasks. E.Taylor developed a system to lower costs and increase worker productivity by showing how employees could work smarter, not harder.

In the context of classical approaches to management, _____ believed bureaucratic structures can eliminate the variability that results when managers in the same organization have different skills, experiences, and goals. A.Max Weber B.Peter Drucker C.Lillian Gilbreth D.Henri Fayol E.Mary Follett

Which of the following is a drawback of the bureaucratic approach to management? A.Production tasks were reduced to machine-like movements that led to boredom. B.The approach did not help managers deal with competitors and government regulations. C.Management decisions were unsystematic. D.The approach emphasized only money as a worker incentive. E.Some people did not perform their best with excessive rules and regulations.

In the context of classical approaches to management, the _____ approach aimed at understanding how psychological and social processes interact with the work situation to influence performance. A.human relations B.scientific management C.systematic management D.administrative management E.bureaucracy

In the context of classical approaches to management, which of the following is a principle of the human relations approach? A.Management is a profession and can be taught. B.Wasteful movements can be identified and removed to increase productivity. C.Management should cooperate with workers to ensure that jobs match plans. D.Social needs have precedence over economic needs. E.Scientific methods should be applied to analyze work.

Which classical approach to management advocates that management must gain the cooperation of the group and promote job satisfaction and group norms consistent with the goals of the organization? A.Administrative management B.Scientific management C.Systematic management D.Human relations E.Bureaucracy

Which of the following is a criticism of the human relations approach to management? A.Managers may ignore appropriate rules and regulations. B.The important characteristics of the formal organization are ignored. C.Production tasks are reduced to a set of routine procedures that lead to quality control problems. D.Too much authority may be vested in too few people. E.Procedures may become the ends rather than the means.

In the context of classical approaches to management, the _____ approach was a significant step in the development of management thought because it prompted managers and researchers to consider the psychological and social factors that influence performance. A.human relations B.scientific management C.bureaucratic D.administrative management E.systematic management

Which of the following is true of the sociotechnical systems theory? A.Most organizations did not adopt the sociotechnical systems theory for management problems until the 1940s and 1950s. B.It was the first major approach to emphasize informal work relationships and worker satisfaction. C.It emphasized a structured, formal network of relationships among specialized positions in an organization. D.It emphasized the perspective of senior managers within the organization. E.It was put into action in the late 1980s and 1990s when each of the large U.S. automakers created cooperative ventures with the major Japanese automakers.

In the context of contemporary approaches to management, managers may use _____ to compare alternatives and eliminate weaker options. A.sociotechnical systems theory B.contingency perspective C.quantitative management D.organizational behavior E.administrative management

Which of the following is an explanation that accounts for the limited use of quantitative management? A.Many of the decisions managers face are nonroutine and unpredictable. B.Management decisions are unsystematic. C.Managers are oriented more toward things than toward people. D.Most managers are not aware of the pressing concerns of their job. E.It is difficult to discontinue the use of this process once it has been established.

In the context of contemporary approaches to management, the use of _____ has been limited because many aspects of a management decision cannot be expressed through mathematical symbols and formulas. A.human relations B.organizational behavior C.quantitative management D.administrative management E.systematic management

McGregor advocated a _____, suggesting that managers who encourage participation and allow opportunities for individual challenge and initiative would achieve superior performance. A.Theory X perspective B.human relations approach C.contingency perspective D.Theory Y perspective E.bureaucratic approach

Which of the following is a criticism of the classical approaches to management? A.Most managers are not trained to use these techniques. B.Many aspects of a management decision cannot be expressed through mathematical symbols and formulas. C.There is only "one best way" to manage and organize because circumstances vary. D.The relationship between the organization and its external environment is ignored. E.Many of the decisions managers face are nonroutine and unpredictable.