US History Semester 1 Final Exam Review – Flashcards
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Freedman's Bureau
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government organization aimed at helping black and white southerners who had lost their homes in the fighting
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Black Codes
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laws passed in the South to keep freemen in a slavelike condition
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Ku Klux Klan
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group of white southerners who terrorized African Americans and whites who were loyal to the US government
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Fourteenth Amendment
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amendment that wrote the Civil Rights Act into the Constitution
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impeachment
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process for charging a federal official with a crime
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Fifteenth Amendment
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amendment saying people cannot be denied the right to vote because of their race
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carpetbagger
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a northerner who came south to take part in the region's political economic rebirth
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sharecropping
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farming system where the farmer was an employee of the landowner and received a share of the crop
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tenant farmer
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farming system where the farmer rents the land
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embargo
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the stopping of trade
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infantry
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foot soldiers
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cavalry
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soldiers on horseback
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Emancipation Proclamation
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document that freed the slaves in all areas that had rebelled against the United States
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freedman
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emancipated slaves
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platform
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statement of the principles that a group stands for
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bootlegger
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smuggler of illegal liquor
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Harlem Renaissance
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African American cultural flowering based in Harlem, New York
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jazz
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music that blends different music forms and is often composed on the spot
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deportation
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being sent back to one's country of origin
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reparation
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payments to make up for the damages of war
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isolationism
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a policy of not being involved in the affairs of other nations
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propaganda
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posters, newspaper stories, and other materials designed to influence people's opinions
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Treaty of Versailles
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treaty ending World War I
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reparations
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payments for damages and expenses caused by the war
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imperialism
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extension of a nation's power over other lands
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sphere of influence
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geographic area where an outside nation has special political or economic control
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protectorate
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a country under the control and protection of another country
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progressivism
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a reform movement
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initiative
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gave voters the power to put a proposed law on the ballot for public approval
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referendum
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allowed voters to approve or veto a recently passed law
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recall
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enabled voters to remove an elected official from office by special election
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prohibition
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movement to ban making, selling, and transporting alcoholic drinks
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literacy test
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an exam to determine whether immigrants could read English
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settlement house
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place where volunteers provided services to people in need
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lynching
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murder of an individual by a group or a mob
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poll tax
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fee people were charged to vote, intended to keep African Americans from voting
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transcontinental railroad
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railroad that crossed the entire country
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capitalism
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an economic system in which private buisness without government intervention
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laissez-faire
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type of capitalism that lets companies conduct business without government intervention
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social Darwinism
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belief that "survival of the fittest" benefits society
