Social Studies- 50 Facts About Ancient China
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China fell into the Period of Disunion after what dynasty collapsed?
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The Han dynasty
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What were the dates of the Period of Disunion?
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220 C.E.-589 C.E. (369 years)
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What two cultures were mixed (Involving the nomads), and why?
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Northern Chinese culture and nomadic culture, because the nomadic people settled in Northern China.
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What two cultures were mixed (Involving the Southern Chinese), and why?
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Northern Chinese culture and Southern Chinese culture, when many Northern Chinese people fled to Southern China because they were unwilling to live under nomadic rule.
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After the mixing, how did Chinese culture change?
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THere were new types of art and music. New foods and clothing styles became popular. The new culture spread over a wider geographical range, and more people became Chinese.
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Who ended the Period of Disunion, how, and when?
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Yang Jian (Yang jee-ehn), a Northern ruler, conquered the South, and unified China in 589 C.E.
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What dynasty did Yang Jian create?
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Sui (Sway) Dynasty
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How long did the Sui Dynasty last?
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589 C.E.-618 C.E. (29 years)
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During the Sui Dynasty, what did the leaders accomplish?
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Restored order and began to build the Grand Canal, a canal linking Southern and Northern China.
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What was the new dynasty? When and how was it established?
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Tang Dynasty was established in 618 C.E. when a former Sui official overthrew the old government.
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Which two Tang leaders were recognized as great rulers?
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Taizong (Ty- tzoong) and Xuanzong (Shoo-an tzoong)
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What did Taizong accomplish?
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He conquered many lands, reformed the military, and created law codes.
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The Tang Dynasty was also ruled by who? (The only woman to rule China.) When did she rule and why?
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Empress Wu became the empress in 655 C.E. when her sickly husband, the former emperor, died. She felt that her sons were unworthy to inherit the throne, so she kept power for herself.
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What happened after the Tang Dynasty fell apart?
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China fell into another period of disorder from 907 C.E.-960 C.E. (53 years)
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What was the division of China after the end of the Tang Dynasty known as?
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It was also known as the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms.
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What new dynasty unified China again? When?
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The Song Dynasty unified China in 960 C.E.
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In what dynasty did Buddhism first come to China?
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Han Dynasty
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When did Buddhism start to spread in China and why did people convert?
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Buddhism widely spread during the Period of Disunion. People converted because they took comfort in Buddhist teachings, which taught that people could escape suffering and find peace.
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How and where did Buddhism spread to new lands besides China?
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Chinese missionaries travelled to Korea, China, and other Asian lands to spread Buddhism.
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When was the \"Age Of Buddhism\"?
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400 C.E.- 845 C.E.
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How did the golden age of Buddhism end?
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A Tang emperor launched a campaign against Buddhism by burning Buddhist texts, taking lands from Buddhist temples, destroying many temples, and turning other temples into schools.
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People began to blend Buddhism with elements from other philosophies, especially __________ and ___________
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Confucianism and Daoism.
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What crops did Northern farmers grow?
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They grew wheat, barley, and other grains.
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What crop did Southern farmers grow?
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They grew rice.
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What new irrigation techniques/tools improved farming?
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Some farmers dug underground wells, and the dragon backbone was a portable pump that farmers could use to scoop up water and pour it into an irrigation canal.
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After Chinese farmers learned how to make cotton, what products were workers able to make?
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Workers could make processed cotton fiber to make clothes and other cotton goods.
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What helped pay taxes to the government?
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Agricultural surpluses.
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What was the Tang Dynasty's population?
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About 60 million.
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What was the Song Dynasty's population?
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About 100 million.
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What was the Tang Dynasty's capital and largest city? What was it also used for?
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Chang'an. It was also a trade center.
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During what dynasty did the Grand Canal improve and expand?
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Tang Dynasty.
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What goods did China export?
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Tea, rice, spices, jade, and silk.
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What was the thin, beautiful type of pottery that the Chinese developed?
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Porcelain.
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During what dynasty was porcelain developed?
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Song Dynasty.
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The world's first form of paper money was invented when and during what dynasty?
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The first form of paper money was invented in the 900s during the Song Dynasty.
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Who was Wu Daozi?
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A Tang artist that painted murals that celebrated Buddhism and nature.
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Who were Li Bo and Du Fu?
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Tang poets.
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Who was a female Song poet?
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Li Qingzhao (ching-Zhow)
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Song artists made porcelain items covered in a pale green glaze called _______.
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Celadon.
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According to legend, how was paper made?
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A man named Cai Lun invented paper in 105 C.E. during the Han Dynasty.
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What was a later Tang invention that was built on Cai Lun's invention?
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Woodblock printing, a form of printing in which an entire page is carved into a block of wood. Ink is applied and the block is pressed against paper.
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When was the world's first known printed book printed?
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868 C.E.
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During what dynasty was gunpowder invented?
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Tang Dynasty.
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What was gunpowder originally used for, and how did its uses evolve?
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Gunpowder was originally used for fireworks, but later was used to make small bombs and rockets. Eventually, gunpowder was used to make explosives, firearms, and cannons.
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What invention was perfected by the Tang Dynasty?
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Magnetic compasses.
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What is movable type?
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Movable type is a set of letters or characters that are used to print books.
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How are moving type and block printing different?
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Unlike block printing, moveable type can be rearranged and reused to create new lines of text and different pages.
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Which dynasty introduced the concept of using paper money?
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Song Dynasty.
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Before paper money, what did the Chinese use?
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They used coins made of bronze, gold, and silver.
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What was the dominant philosophy in China?
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Confucianism.
