question

Conservatives typically favor

answer

smaller government

question

For accurate results, a public-opinion sample must

answer

be representative

question

If given the range of choices below, most Americans (until very recently) would probably have classified themselves as

answer

moderate

question

New research suggests that opinion favoring marriage rights is increasing more quickly in states that

answer

have legalized same-sex marriage than in other states

question

Normally, samples of how many people are considered sufficient for accurately measuring public opinion through the use of surveys?

answer

1,000

question

Studies show that even individuals with low levels of political knowledge are able to make relatively informed political choices by relying on

answer

voter cues

question

The bandwagon effect occurs when

answer

polling results themselves influence people to support the probable victor

question

the practice of push pulling involves

answer

asking loaded questions to subtly shape the respondent's opinion

question

The processes through which underlying political beliefs and values are formed are collectively called

answer

political socialization

question

The set of underlying orientations, ideas, and beliefs through which individuals come to understand and interpret politics is called

answer

political idealogy

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The social desirability effect can damage the accuracy of a poll by respondents

answer

causing respondents to say what they think the interviewer wants to hear

question

The term used to denote the beliefs that people have about political issues, events, institutions, and personalities is

answer

public opinion

question

What is the so-called gender gap?

answer

political and voting differences between men and women

question

What is wrong with the following poll question: "Do you think it was appropriate for President Bush to lie so that he could start a war with Iraq?"

answer

push polling

question

What was the chief problem with the Gallup preelection polls that predicted a very close race between presidential candidates Mitt Romney and Barack Obama in the 2012 election?

answer

selection bias

question

when using a simple random sample

answer

every individual in a population has an equal probability of being selected as a respondent

question

Which group is the most influential agent of socialization in early childhood?

answer

family

question

Which kind of polling error arises when a sample of public opinion overrepresents or underrepresents some opinions?

answer

selection bias

question

Which of the following agents of socialization provides most people with their initial orientation to politics?

answer

family

question

Which of the following best describes political knowledge in the United States?

answer

the average American exhibits relatively low political knowledge

question

Which of the following is not a core U.S. value?

answer

big government

question

Which of the following statements about education as an agent of political socialization is accurate?

answer

college graduates are more likely than other Americans to be associated with greater involvements in politics

question

Which of the following statements about how the government and media mold public opinion is accurate?

answer

President Obama's White House has been unique in the high level to which it has used social media to shape public opinion

question

Which of the following would be the most important factor in determining the reliability of a poll?

answer

the size of the sample

question

A key requirement of an effective ____ is that it is representative.

answer

public-opinion sample

question

A push poll might include a question with the following wording:

answer

Do you think it was appropriate for President Bush to lie to start a war with Iraq?

question

As opposed to a value or belief, an attitude represents

answer

a person's specific preference on a particular issue

question

Big government is ____________ considered a core U.S. value.

answer

not

question

Equality of opportunity is a

answer

basic political value held by most Americans

question

How did the media affect the Bush Administration's decision to go to war in Iraq in 2003?

answer

It helped to increase the public popularity of the preparations for war

question

If you prefer smaller government, you are probably a

answer

conservative

question

In contemporary politics being liberal has come to imply supporting

answer

social reform

question

Political and voting differences between men and women are known as the ____ gap.

answer

gender

question

Political socialization is the process through which

answer

political beliefs and values are formed

question

Selection bias occurs when a sample ____ some opinions.

answer

overrepresents or underrepresents

question

The bandwagon effect has been particularly problematic in

answer

the presidential nomination process

question

The most important agent of socialization early in life is

answer

family

question

The size of the overall population under study is ____ in determining the reliability of a poll.

answer

not important

question

Until recently, the classification of "moderate" would have applied to

answer

most americans

question

What argument does Nicholas Carr make in his best-selling book on the Internet's effect on political knowledge and participation?

answer

The internet reduces depth of thought and analysis regarding political knowledge

question

What is the state of political knowledge among Americans?

answer

low

question

What kinds of questions are particularly problematic in relation to the social desirability effect?

answer

questions about race or gender

question

When a pollster asks a loaded question to shape a respondent's opinion, it is known as a

answer

push poll

question

Which of the following best describes the characteristics of a "scientific" poll?

answer

representatives sample from a sufficiently large population with no selection bias

question

Which of the following is one of the two major ways that low levels of political knowledge can shape American democracy?

answer

Political power can more easily be manipulated by political elites, the media, and wealthy special interests.

question

Which of the following is true of political polarization in the United States?

answer

Party polarization may actually reduce levels of political knowledge

question

Which of the following is true of the effect of political party membership or loyalty on political orientation?

answer

Partisans tend to rely on party leaders and the media for cues on the appropriate positions to take on major political issues.

question

Which of the following views would a conservative be more likely to hold than a liberal?

answer

concern about law and order

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