Apes ch 11 – Flashcards
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Famine is a condition in which _____________is so extreme that large numbers of deaths occur in a given area over a relatively ___________ period of time.
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food insecurity; short
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To achieve food security a nation must have I. economic security. II. political security. III. physical access to food.
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All 3
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What is the general relationship between meat consumption and affluence?
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More affluent nations tend to consume more meat products.
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A steady diet of high calorie, low nutrition fast food may lead to I. overnutrition. II. malnutrition. III. undernutrition.
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I and II
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Currently the world's farmers grow enough grain to feed
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More than the worlds population
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Use Figure 11-1. If you eat 2000 calories of a typical 2010 U.S. diet in a day, how many calories of energy were needed to produce the food?
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20,000
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Typically, most of the energy subsidies in modern agriculture are in the form of
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Fossil fuels
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Which of the following is NOT a benefit associated with industrial agriculture?
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d. There is a low ratio of energy input to calorie output.
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Which is directly associated with irrigation? I. Fishery collapse II. Waterlogging III. Salinization
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II and III
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Which is NOT a disadvantage of monocropping?
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Nutrition and pesticide needs do not change
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After many years of applying a selective pesticide, a farmer notices that the applications seem less effective. What is the most likely explanation for this change?
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. The target species has begun to evolve resistance.
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The pesticide treadmill is I. a positive feedback loop. II. a cycle of pesticide development following pesticide resistance. III. an improvement in pesticide efficiency.
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II only
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Many scientists argue that worldwide fisheries are declining, yet the worldwide number of fish harvested continues to increase. What best explains this discrepancy
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Improvements in technology are increasing the catch despite declining populations.
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Use Figure 11-2. In the figure, the global fish production line includes both wild-caught fish and aquaculture-raised fish. About how many metric tons of fish were wild-caught in 1990?
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65 million metric tons
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Which areas of the world are most susceptible to desertification?
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Areas adjacent to existing deserts
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Which is the best sustainable agriculture technique for soil types with low productivity?
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Nomadic grazing
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Under what conditions do nomadic grazing and shifting agriculture work?
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Small human populations where subsistence farming is used
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Which is NOT a technique of integrated pest management (IPM)?
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Increased use of traditional pesticides
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Why is integrated pest management (IPM) especially successful in developing countries?
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High-input industrial farming is not feasible because farmers lack financial resources.
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Which is an advantage of aquaculture? I. Aquaculture uses no antibiotics or synthetic chemicals. II. Aquaculture can alleviate human caused pressure on native fisheries. III. Aquaculture helps protect the health and biodiversity of local ecosystems.
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II only
