Chapter 3 Circulatory System Study Guide – Flashcards
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Name 3 functions of the cardiovascular system
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1. Distribution of blood to all areas of the body. 2. Delivery of needed substances to cells. 3. Removal of wastes.
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What is the function of the atria?
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are blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart
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What are blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart
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arteries
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In which vessels are materials exchanged between the blood and the body cells?
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capillaries
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What causes blood pressure?
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the pressure that is exerted by the blood against the walls of blood vessels
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What process cannot take place if a person lacks platelets in the blood?
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clotting
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What is the function of lymph nodes?
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to trap diease-causeing bactria
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Why is exercise important for cardiovascular health?
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It strengthens your heart
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What happens when ventricles contract?
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it closes the valves between the atria and the ventricles, making the "-lub" sound and squeezing blood into large blood vessels
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How does your heart beat when your pulse rate increases?
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faster
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What is the condition when blood pressure is consistently higher than normal?
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hypertetion
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How many loops does the human circulatory system contain?
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two
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What is the function of white blood cells?
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to fight disease
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What are needed substances carried to the body cells by?
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blood
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What does a pacemaker do?
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keeps heart beating at proper pace
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What does the blood contain when it flows into the right atrium from the body?
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blood that is low in oxygen and high in carbon dioxide
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What component of blood carries oxygen to the body cells?
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hemoglobin
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What eventually happens to fluid that leaks from capillaries into the surrounding tissues?
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It returns to the blood through the lymphatic system.
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What is the condition in which artery walls thicken as the result of a buildup of fatty materials?
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atherosclerosis
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What heart structure prevents blood from flowing backward?
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the valve
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Which chamber of the heart pumps oxygen-poor blood to the lungs?
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right ventricle
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What instrument is used to measure blood pressure?
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sphygmomanometer
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What component of blood is 90 percent water?
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plasma
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What are blood types determined by?
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markers
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When blood enters the left ventricle, is the blood low or high in oxygen?
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high in oxygen
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Where does the aorta carry the blood?
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to the rest of the body
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Where does the blood flow after leaving the right atrium?
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to the right ventricle
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Explain what happens during a heart attack. What is the effect of a heart attack on heart cells?
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A heart attack occurs when blood flow to part of the heart muscle is blocked. Cells die in the part of the heart that does not receive blood and oxygen. This permanently damages the heart.
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right atruim
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receives blood from the body that is low in oxygen and high in carbon dioxide
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right ventricle
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pumps oxygen-poor blood to the lungs
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aorta
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carries blood from the left ventricle to the body
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left atrium
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oxygen-rich blood moves from the lungs into the left atrium
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left ventricle
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pumps oxygen rich blood to all parts of the body
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septum
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prevents oxygen-rich blood and oxygen-poor blood from mixing in the heart
