Exploring Creation with Biology Module 6 Study guide – Flashcards
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Name the organelles that play a role in biosynthesis
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Ribosome (makes proteins) Smooth ER, Rough ER,(make molecules like polysaccharides and lipids) Golgi bodies (package the products), Chloroplasts (involved in photosynthesis), leucoplasts (store products), nucleus (helps through the DNA in itself)
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What helps the cell hold its shape if it doesn't have a cell wall?
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Cytoskeleton, endoplasmic reticulum
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How does a plant cell fight osmosis in a hypotonic solution?
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The cell has a central vacuole that expands as the cell absorbs water.
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A cell contains centriols and lysomes. Is it a plant or animal cell?
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animal
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What organelles are involved in secretion?
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secretion vessles, golgi bodies, plasma membrane, cell wall
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What things in the cell deal with cellular movement?
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Cytoplasm, Smooth ER, rough ER, Golgi bodies, secretion vesicles, waste vacuoles, centrioles, cytoskeleton
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What are the 11 main functions a cell must perform in order to support and maintain life?
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absorption, digestion, respiration, biosynthesis, excretion, egestion, secretion, movement, irritability, homeostasis, and reproduction
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What is the plasma membrane made out of?
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phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins
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What is the difference between a phospholipid and a regular lipid?
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A phospholipid has 2 fatty acid moelcules and a small molecule with a phosphate group. A normal lipid has 3 fatty acid molecules.
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What makes it possible for the plasma membrane to self-assemble?
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the phospholipids have a hydrophilic end and a hydrophobic end so they know how to reassemble
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A cell begins running low on food and its energy output decreases by 20%. What kind of plasma membrane transport is affected?
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active transport
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Identify the structures pointed out below. (see book #13)
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a-phospholipid, b-protien, c-glycoprotein, d-carbohydrate, e-cholesterol, f-filaments of the cytoskeleton, g-glycolipid
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If a cell dies by implosion, what kind of solution was in it?
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hypertonic
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List the four stages of aerobic respiration in the order in which they occur and the net number of ATPs that are made in each step.
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glycolysis-2, Formation of acetyl conenzyme A-0, Krebs cycle-2, electron transport system-32
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What is ATPs purpose in the cell?
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ATP supplies a package of energy produced in cellular respiration, which releases its energy slowly so the energy doesn't destroy the cell.
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If a cell has no oxygen, what stage of aerobic cellular respiration can still run?
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glycolysis
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If a cell has no oxygen, how many ATPs can it make from a molecule of glucose?
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2
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A scientist determines a means to extract all ADP from a cell. Why will it kill the cell?
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without ADP, the cell could not make ATP in which to store energy.
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What organelle is responsible for breaking polysaccharides into monosaccharides?
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the lysosome
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Cytoplasmic streaming
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The motion of cytoplasm in a cell that results in a coordinated movement of the cell's contents.
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Isotonic solution
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A solution in which the concentration of solutes is essentially equal to that of the cell that resides in the solution.
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Plasmolysis
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Collapse of a walled cell's cytoplasm due to lack of water.
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Cytolysis
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The rupturing of a cell due to excess internal pressure.
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Phagocytosis
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The process by which a cell engulfs foreign substances or other cells.
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Activation energy
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Energy necessary to get a chemical reaction going.
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A solution in which the concentration of solutes is greater than that of the cell that resides in the solution
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Hypertonic solution
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A solution in which the conentration of solutes is less than that of the cell which resides in the solution
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Hypotonic solution
