Grade 7 – Social Studies – French, Dutch, Swedish Colonies in North America – Flashcards
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Colony
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settlement made in another land by people who are ruled by their home countries.
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French Colony in North America
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New France
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Jacques Cartier
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French explorer who arrived in eastern Canada in 1534. Planted a cross and claimed the land for France.
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Fur Companies Role In Creating a French Settlement
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Paid for the first major attempt to create a settlement in North America. Hired Samuel de Champlain.
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Samuel de Champlain
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Sailed to North America. Established Quebec, the first permanent French settlement. He explored the Great Lakes. He explored New York and found a large lake. Named it Lake Champlain.
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Acadia
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The name the French gave to the eastern coast of Canada.
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Quebec
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City that Samuel de Champlain established. It was the first permanent French settlement, near the mouth of the Saint Lawrence River.
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The French and Native Americans
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The French tried to learn the Native American culture (language and customs). This was unlike the Spanish, who tried to change Native American culture. The French formed trading partners and allies with the Algonquin Native Americans.
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Lake Champlain
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Lake in New York found and named after Samuel de Champlain.
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Great Lakes
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Largest fresh water lakes in the world. Interconnected and drain to the ocean via the Saint Lawrence River. Remember: HOMES Huron, Ontario, Michigan, Eerie, Superior.
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Fur Trade
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The economy of New France was based on the fur trade. The French traded with the Native Americans for furs. Furs were highly prized for making hats and coats. Upper class Europeans were eager to buy them. Fur traders could make a lot of money. The French, Dutch, and the Swedes were all involved and competed with each other in the fur trade.
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Fur Trade Economics
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When the supply of fur was low and the demand was high the fur traders made great profits due to the high price set. When the supply of fur was high and the demand was reduced the fur traders made less money because of the low price set. The French continued to trade fur with the Native Americans to maintain a friendly and peaceful relationship with the Native Americans.
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Nature's Highways
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Fur traders used the lakes and rivers as highways. They set up trading posts along the way.
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French Structures
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In addition to cities, such as Quebec, the French built: Forts and Trading Posts. Forts protected New France. Trading Posts allowed for people to trade.
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Robert de La Salle
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Explored the entire Mississippi River to the Gulf of Mexico. Claimed this land for France and called it Louisiana.
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Louisiana
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name given to the area around the Mississippi River.
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Lack of Immigration to New France
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The French did not want to go to New France because of cold weather and attacks from the Iroquois (Native Americans).
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Attracting French Settlers
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The French government attracted French settlers by giving land to French nobles (upper class French citizens) who brought settlers over to New France.
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Boundaries of New France
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Acadia, Canada, and Louisiana were a part of New France.
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Henry Hudson
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Sailed for the Dutch and discovered the Hudson River. Claimed the land along the Hudson River for the Dutch (Netherlands).
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Dutch Colony in North America
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New Netherlands was the name of the Dutch colony in North America. Included the settlement of New Amsterdam.
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New Amsterdam
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Settlement created by the Dutch on present day Manhattan Island.
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Swedish Colony in North America
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New Sweden was the name of the Swedish colony in North America.
