other gram negative rods – Flashcards

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Causes pertussis/whooping cough
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Bortedella
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the only vaccine-preventable disease increasing in the US
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pertussis
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gram negative rod, oxidizes glucose, but cannot ferment it
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pseudomona aeruginosa
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has exotoxins A and S, elastase (that breaks down elastic fibers in IgA IgG) and Pyocyanin
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pseudomona aeruginosa
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Burn victims are especially at risk for it
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pseudomona aeruginosa
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what do Cystic Fibrosis, respiratory therapy, swimmer
s ear and burn victims have in common?
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1. all in contact with water
2. all susceptible for infection with pseudomona aeruginosa
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about 70-80% of patients suffering from this disease will eventually become colonized with pseudomonas aeruginosa
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cystic fibrosis
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forms very tenacious biofilms; can grow in soaps and is very hard to eliminate with antiseptics
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pseudomona aeruginosa
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can be treated with ticarcillin, piperacillin, aminoglycosides, ciprofloxacin, high-level cephalosporins
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pseudomonas aeruginosa
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causes Tularemia from contact with rabbits
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francisella
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biosafety level III because of ease in delivery and low dose
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francisella
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it manifests through lesions that spread to lymph nodes, if cutaneous, or flu-like symtoms, if ingested
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francisella
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named after an American legion convention
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Legionella pneumophila
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infection is a result of breathing in aerosolized bacteria, from water tower or fountain
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legionella pneumophila
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most at risk are old men with impaired lung function, smokers and immunosuppressed
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legionella pneumophila
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Causes Pontiac Fever in younger people
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legionella pneumophila
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DOC are rifampin and erythromycin
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legionella pneumophila
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requires cysteine for growth and is enhanced by iron
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legionella pneumophilla
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required BCYE media
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legionella
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colonies look like ground glass, with a greenish tint
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legionella
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rather than culture, DFA stain and serological studies are used for diagnose
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legionella
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small, aerobic, obligate intracellular parasite
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coxiella
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in animals, transmitted by ticks. In humans- by inhaling dust or dander from animals
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coxiella burnetti
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causes Q fever in animal handlers
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coxiella burnetti
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Anaerobic GN rod, accounts fro 85% of GI diseases, peritonitis, genital infections and wound infections
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Bacteroide fragilis
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Anaerobic GN rod, Seen in sinus, ear, periodontal and pelvic infections
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prevotella
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have mycolic acid as part of their cell wall
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acid-fast rods
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Which color do Acid-fast bacilli hold, primarily?
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red stain
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species of gram-positive rods that are truly acid fast
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mycobacterium
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its virulence depends on the cord factor
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mycobacterium tuberculosis
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stage of TB characterized by tubercles in lungs, especially in young children
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primary TB
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type of TB that is dormant and reactivates when immune system is weak
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secondary TB
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Causes consumption; macrophages carry bacillus to many sites of the body
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disseminated TB
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Macrophages engulf these bacteria, but dont destroy it; invite more macrophages, that form tubercles
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tuberculosis
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bacteria in which Caseous Lesions are formed as part of the disease
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tuberculosis
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direct observed therapy is recommended for this disease
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TB
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Also called hansen's disease
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leprosy
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the only bacteria that grows in peripheral nerves
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leprosy
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How is M. leprae cultured?
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cannot be grown artificially; armadillos or mice are used?
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in people with good cell-mediated immunity leprosy would have this form
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tuberculoid
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type of leprosy that causes severe disfigurement
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lepromatous
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one of the most important symptoms is loss of feeling and numbness
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leprosy
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this infection does not occur person-to person (only by food and water) and is more prominent among AIDS patients
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Mycobacterium Avium intracellulare
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partially acid-fast
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nocardia
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Do enterobacteriaceae ferment glucose?
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Yes
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Enterobacteriaceae and oxidase
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Enterobacteriaceae- oxidase negative
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Species of GN rods that reduce nitrates to nitrites
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enterobacteriaceae
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motility in enterobacteriaceae
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motile by peritrichious flagella or non-motile
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GN rods that grow well on MacConkey
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Enerobacteriaceae
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Q fever
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Coxiella burnetti
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BCYE media
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legionella
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Bile-resistant anaerobic GNR
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B. fragilis
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Most common cause of endocarditis
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Coxiella
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swimmer's ear
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pseudomona aeruginosa
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gram stain of penile exudate is diagnostic
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treponema pallidium
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petechial rash
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Rickettsia
Neisseria meningiditis
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rabbit fever
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francisella
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Yaws, Pinta, bejel
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treponema pallidium
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Lyme disease
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borellia
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cystic fibrosis
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pseudomonas aeruginosa
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20% horse blood
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Bordetella (pertussis)
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erythema migrans
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borelia (lyme disease)
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non-gonococcal urethritis
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1. mycoplasma pneumoniae
2. chlamydia trachomonas
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Bile-sensitive anaerobic GNR
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prevotella
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pontiac fever
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legionella
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Only effective drug is Ceftiaxone
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Neisseria Gonorhoeae
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Best cell for diagnosis is monocyte
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Erlichia
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Relapsing fever
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Borellia (lyme disease)
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Pyocianins
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Pseudomona aeruginosa
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Ophtalmia neonatum
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neisseria gonorhoeae
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RPR aka VDRL
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treponema pallidum (syphillis)
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best specimen for lab ID is urine
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leptospira
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Causes most seafood-related deaths in US
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virbrio vulnificus
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Biosafety III
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1. Francisella
2. brucella
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Gummas
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Treponema pallidum (syphilis)
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Rice-water stools
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vibrio cholera
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Epidemic / Louse-Borne typhus
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rickettsia
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Parrot fever
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Chlamydia psitacci
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10% CO2, 42C
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campylobacter jejuni
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Best cell for diagnosis is neutrophil
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treponema pallidum (syphilis)
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Penicillinase, not beta-lactamase
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Neisseria gonorrhoeae
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No fever
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cholera
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rapid urease
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helicobacter pylori
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microscopic colonies like fried eggs
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mycoplasma
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stomach cancer
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helicobacter pylori
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Weil's Disease
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leptospira
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Atherosclerosis
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chlamydia pneumonia
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Thayer-Martin Agar or NYC agar
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Neisseria gonorrhoeae
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walking pneumonia
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mycoplasma pneumoniae
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Most common cause of bacterial disease in Japan
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Vibrio parahemolyticus
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Legionnaire's Disease
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Legionella
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Painless chancre at initial site of infection
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treponema pallidum (syphilis)
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Guillain-Barre Syndrome
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Campylobacter
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Cough Plate
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Bordetella (pertussis)
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MHA- TP
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treponema pallidium (syphilis)
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Most common bacterial cause of diarhea in US
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campylobacter
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Rash extending to palms and soles
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1. treponema pallidium
2. Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
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HGE/HME
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erlichiosis
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Rat urine
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leptospira
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Brill-Zinsser
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Rickettsia (typhus)
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Most common bacterial STD in US
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Chlamydia trachomatis
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30 degrees, liquid media, dark
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leptospira
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cat scratch fever
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bartonella
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soft chancre
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helicobacter ducreyi
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Arthritis
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1. neiserria meningiditis
2. Borrelia bergdorferi (lyme disease)
3. Chlamydia pneumoniae (atherosclerosis)
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X&V factors
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h. influenzae
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brazilian purpuric fever
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H. aegyptius
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Trench fever
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Bartonella
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cat bite cellulitis
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pasteurella
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Undulant fever
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Brucella
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Adenylate Cyclase toxin
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1. vibrio cholera
2. bordetella (pertussis)
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Whooping cough
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bordetella pertussis
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Cystic Fibrosis Lung Infections
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pseudomona aeruginosa
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Tularemia
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Francisella
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death by seafood
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vibrio vulnificus
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urea breath test
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helicobacter pylori
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trachoma
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chlamydia trachomatis
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migraines
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helicobacter pylori
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lipooligosaccharide (LOS)
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Neisseria meningiditis
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electrolyte replacement therapy
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vibrio cholera
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DOC is penicillin
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treponema pallidium (syphilis)
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never refrigerate!
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Neisseria gonorhoeae
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Only lactose-fermenting stool pathogen
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e-coli O157
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Raw pork
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Yersinnia enterocolitica, yersinia pseudotuberculosis
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ineffective dose is 10-100 organisms
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1. shigella
2. e-coli O157
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Mary Mallon
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salmonella typhi
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bubos
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yersinia pestis
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shiga toxin
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1. shigella
2. e-coli O157
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grows at refrigerating temps
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1. yersinia enterocolitica
2. yersinia pseudotuberculosis
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transovarian transmission
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salmonella OTT
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most common cause of UTI
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ecoli
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hemolytic uremic syndrome
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e-coli O157
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typhoid fever
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salmonella typhi
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rats and fleas
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yersinia pestis
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mimmics appendicitis
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1. yersinia enterocolitica
2. yersinia pseudotuberculosis
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raw eggs
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salmonella OTT
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bacillary dysentery
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shigella
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human is only reservoir
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salmonella typhi
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traveler's diarrhea
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e-coli
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pet turtles
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salmonella OTT
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sorbitol negative
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E-coli O 157
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black death
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yersinia pestis
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most commonly isolated bug in lab
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ecoli
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