Ap Human Geography Chapter 9 Vocabulary Questions And Answers – Flashcards
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Double Cropping
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the practice of growing two or more crops in the same space during a single growing season
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Agriculture
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the science or practice of farming, including cultivation of the soil for the growing of crops and the rearing of animals to provide food, wool, and other products
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Slash and burn agriculture
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a widely used method of growing food in which wild or forested land is clear cut and any remaining vegetation burned. The resulting layer of ash provides the newly cleared land with a nutrient-rich layer to help fertilize crops
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First agricultural Revolution
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dating back 10,000 years, it achieved plant domestication and animal domestication
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Intensive Subsistence Agriculture
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A form of subsistence agriculture in which farmers must expend a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a parcel of land
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Plantation Agriculture
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a form of commercial farming where crops are grown for profit
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Agribusiness
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agriculture conducted on commercial principles, especially using advanced technology
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Green Revolution
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a large increase in crop production in developing countries achieved by the use of fertilizers, pesticides, and high-yield crop varieties
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Milkshed
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a region producing milk that may be supplied to the area of demand
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Undernutrition
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Case of not getting enough calories or nutrients
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Mixed Crop and livestock
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Both animal and crops are farmed in the same area
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Second Agricultural Revolution
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agricultural benefited from the Industrial revolution, causing the Second Agricultural Revolution
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Debt for nature swaps
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an agreement between a developing nation in debt and one or more of its creditors. Creditors agree to forgive debts in return for environmental protection
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Vegetative Planting
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reproduction of plants by direct cloning from existing plants
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Mediterranean Agriculture
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accounts for virtually all olive oil produced worldwide, 60% of wine production, 45% of grape production, 25% of dried nuts, 20% of citrus production, and about 12% of total cereal production
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Shifting Cultivation
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cultivation of crops in tropical forest clearings in which forest vegetation has been removed by cutting and burning
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Dairying
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an animal husbandry enterprise, raising female cattle, goats, or certain other lactating livestock for long-term production of milk which may be either processed onsite or transported to a dairy for processing and eventually retail sale
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Hunters and gatherers
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People who hunt and people who gather. Duh.
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Exstensive Substinence Agriculture
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use of little labor and capital to increase agricultural productivity
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Commercial Farming
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used to describe large scale farming and racnhing operations that employ vast land bases, large mechanized equipment, factory-type labor forces, and the latest technology
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Capital Intensive Farm
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uses mechanical goods such as machinery, tools, vehicles and facilities to produce large amounts of agricultural goods; a process requiring very little human labor
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Ranching Transhumance
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a seasonal periodic movement of pastorialists and their livestock between highland and lowland pastures
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Enclosure Movement
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a push in the 18th and 19th centuries to take land that had formerly been owned in common by all members of a village, or at least available to the public for grazing animals and growing food, and change it to privately owned land, usually with walls, fences or hedges around it
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Seed Agriculture
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reproduction of plants through annual planting of seeds that result from sexual fertilization
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Third Agricultural Revolution
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mechanization, chemical farming, and food manufacturing
