Geography 115 – Flashcards
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Wind always blow from area of high pressure to areas of low pressure
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True
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Wind that blows along the equator are not subject to Coriolis force.
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True
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The hydrostatic balance conditions breaks down when air is ascending fast into a thunderstorm.
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True
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A 270 degree wind will be blowing from the north direction.
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False
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Hydrological drough occurs when stream flow levels remain normal for a long period.
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False
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There is no universal definition for drought.
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True
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The onset and termination of drought are not easily recognized.
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True
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Daily ranges of temperature are higher during the drought.
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True
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The 1993 Mississippi River flood is an example of a 500-year flood.
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True
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Tree ring study drought frequencies of occurrence in the US.
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True
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A parcel of air is not in hydrostatic balance if it ascending fast into a thunderstorm cloud.
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True
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The magnitude of the convective available potential energy of an ascending parcel of air is directyly proportional to the area of the positive energy region on a thermodynamic diagram
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False
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At the level of free convection, the environment temperature and the parcel temperature are equal.
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True
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Inversion and stagnant high-pressure centers can enhance pollution buildup.
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True
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A lifted index of -7 indicates a very low probability for a tornado to occur.
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False
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The term "Hawaiian Fire House" and "Pineapple Express" refer to the same meteorological phenomenon.
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True
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Floods occur in all continents except Antartica.
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True
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Effect of land use, dikes, leeves, channelization, and dams and drainage.
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Non-weather
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Snowmelt from previous storms
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Weather
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Topography along the drainage
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Non-weather
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Number of rain events that occur in the same region
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Weather
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Deforestation and dumping trash into arroys
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Non-weather
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Turbulence in mountain waves
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Shear-induced
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Turbulence in high clouds
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Shear-induced
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Turbulence in clear air in the upper athmosphere aboe 300mb level.
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Shear-induced
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Turbulence caused by curvature of Rossby Waves (long waves)
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Shear-induced
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Turbulence caused by heat from the exhausted airplane.
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Thermal
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Turbulence caused by ceiling fans.
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Mechanical
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Deflected the wind to the left of its intended direction in the Southern Hemisphere.
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Coriolis
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Accelerates air thereby creating winds.
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Pressure Gradient Force
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Pulls air downward in the athmosphere towards the Earth's surface.
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Gravity
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Reduces the speed of the wind.
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Friction
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Is directed to the center of the path of a wind that blows along a curve
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Centripedal
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Acts to pull the wind away from curved path
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Centrifugal
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US Gulf and East Coast
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Hurrican and Middle Latitude Cyclone
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China
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Mel Yu front
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India, US Southwest and West Africa
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Monsoon Rainfall
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US West Coast
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Hawaiian Fire Hose
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Tsunami
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Coastal
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Squall Line
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Flash
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Supercell
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Flash
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Storm surge and storm tide
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coastal
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Snow melt (in spring)
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Wide spread
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Dam-break
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Wide spread
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Surface Chart
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position of pressure system
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850mb chart
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position of weather fronts
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700mb chart
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moisture and cloud distribution
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500mb chart
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position of longwaves and shortwaves
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300mb chart 200mb chart
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postion of jetstreaks
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A thunderstorm index
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SWEAT
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The region of the athmosphere where temperature increases with altitude
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Inversion
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A meteorological situation that occurs when the natural flow of wind is obstructed
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turbulence
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The change of ice directly to water vapor
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Sublimation
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The phenomenon that forms when the continental tropical air masses (cT) from nothern Mexico collides with the maritime tropical air mass (mT) from the Gulf of Mexico.
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dryline
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The United States defines drought as "less than 2.5mm of of rainfall in 48 hours."
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Agriculture
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Great Britain defines droughts as "15 days, none of which receive as much as 0.25 mm of rainfall.
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Agriculture
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Libya, a country in the Sahara Desert, defines drought as a period "when annual rainfall is less than 180mm.
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Meteorological
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Bali, an island in the tropics of Indonesia, defines drought as "period of six days without rain.
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Agriculture
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Conditions of abnormal dry wether that last more than a year within geographic regions where some rain might be usually unexpeceeted
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Meteorological
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Loaves of breads are short supply and expenses
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socioeconomic
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Conditions necessary for clouds to form
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sufficient water vapor condensation nuclei lifting mechanism athmosphere stability condition
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Triggering mechanism for clouds to form
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Surface heating/convection uplift along topography convergence of air Frontal uplifting
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Which of the following may occur
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Desertification, Cap Cloud, Lenticular clouds
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When the athmosphere is absolute unstable, which statement is true?
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only clouds with extensive vertical development form
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which combination of Lifted Index and CAPE will produce the most violent thunderstorm.
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LI value of -8 and CAPE value of 5200
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Identify the most correct statement about CAPE
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It measures the severity of thunderstorms updraft It is calcuated from the parcel and environmental temp. It determines the likelihood of tornadoes occuring It is computed from upper-air surrounding of the rawindsonde
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Which dynamic equilibrium occurs when the horizontal pressure gradient force and the Coriolis force act on an air parcel in the free athmosphere
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geostrophic balance
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On a day with an environment lapse rate of 9 degrees C/km, what type of athmospheric stability conditions would you forecast.
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Conditional instability
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The convective available potential energy of a rising energy of a rising parcel of air is expressed by: where the T1 and T2 are temperature, is altitude, and g is acceleration due to gravity. In this equation:
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T1 is parcel temperature
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Which force(s) will affect the wind whether or not the earth has stopped rotating
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Coriolis force Gravity force Friction force Pressure gradient force
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One of the following statement is incorrect. Which one is it?
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this every stron on winds in the free athmoshpere
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The updraft (w) in a thunderstorm is expressed by the following equation. What does CAPE represent?
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energy
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Which statement about Coriolis force is false?
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The CF is present within the boundary layer, not the present in the free atmosphere
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Identify the weather variable that is correctly paired its isoline
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Cloudiness - Isonepth
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Identify the correct pair.
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upper level divergence, surface low pressure
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Which type of natural hazard causes the highest number of deaths worldwide?
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droughts
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Droughts are always accompanied by:
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pressure
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Which index is used to define drought severity
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Palmer Index
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Supercool cloud droplets are:
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liquid droplets observed at temperature below 0 degrees C (32 degrees C
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Which cloud type forms completely at altitudes above freezing level?
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Cold clouds
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If the earth's gravitational force were to increase, athmospheric pressure at the groud would:
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Increase
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On the isobar surface
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pressure is constant
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The countour lines drawns on a 500 mb charts are lines of constant
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pressure
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On a upper level chart the wind tends to blow:
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parallel to the isobars or contours
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The pressure gradient force is directed from high pressure toward lower pressure
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at all places on earth
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The athmosphere around the earth would rush off to space if the vertical pressure gradient force were not balanced by:
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Gravity
