Chemistry Chp 1-2 – Flashcards
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| A small amount of salt dissolved in water is an example of a __________. |
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| Homogeneous mixture |
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| Which one of the following is a pure substance? |
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| elemental copper |
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| For which of the following can the composition vary? |
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| both homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures |
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| An element cannot __________. |
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| be separated into other substances by chemical means |
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| Homogeneous mixtures are also known as __________. |
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| solution |
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| In the following list, only __________ is not an example of a chemical reaction. |
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| the condensation of water vapor |
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| Of the following, only __________ is a chemical reaction. |
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| tarnishing of silver |
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| Which of the following are chemical processes? |
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| rusting of a nail and decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen gases |
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| In the following list, only __________ is not an example of a chemical reaction. |
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| the tarnishing of a copper penny |
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| Of the following, __________ is the smallest mass. |
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| 2.5 ? 10^9 fg |
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| Of the following, __________ is the largest mass. |
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| Accuracy refers to __________. |
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| how close a measured number is to the true value |
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| The SI unit for mass is __________. |
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| kilogram |
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| __________ is the abbreviation for the prefix mega-. |
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| M |
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| Milli is the abbreviation for the prefix ________. |
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| m |
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| A common English set of units for expressing velocity is miles/hour. The SI unit for velocity is __________. |
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| m/s |
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| The SI unit of temperature is __________. |
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| K |
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| 1 nanometer = __________ |
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| 1000 picometers |
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| There are ______ electrons, ______ protons, and _______ neutrons in an atom of 132/54Xe. |
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| 54, 54, 78 |
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| An atom of the most common isotope of gold, 197Au, has __________ protons, __________ neutrons, and __________ electrons. |
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| 79, 118, 79 |
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| Isotopes are atoms that have the same number of __________ but differing number of __________. |
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| protons, neutrons |
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| Different isotopes of a particular element contain the same number of __________. |
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| protons |
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| Different isotopes of a particular element contain different numbers of __________. |
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| neutrons |
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| The average atomic weight of copper, which has two naturally occurring isotopes, is 63.5. One of the isotopes has an atomic weight of 62.9 amu and constitutes 69.1% of the copper isotopes. The other isotope has an abundance of 30.9%. The atomic weight (amu) of the second isotope is __________ amu. |
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| 64.8 |
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| An unknown element is found to have three naturally occurring isotopes with atomic masses of 35.9675 (0.337%), 37.9627 (0.063%), and 39.9624 (99.600%). Which of the following is the unknown element? |
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| Ar |
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| Which pair of elements would you expect to exhibit the greatest similarity in their physical and chemical properties? |
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| Ca, Sr |
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| Which pair of elements would you expect to exhibit the greatest similarity in their physical and chemical properties? |
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| O, S |
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| Which one of the following does not occur as diatomic molecules in elemental form? |
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| sulfur |
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| Which one of the following molecular formulas is also an empirical formula? |
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| C2H6SO |
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| Of the choices below, which one is not an ionic compound? |
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| PCl5 |
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| Which one of the following is most likely to lose electrons when forming an ion? |
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| Rh |
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| Which species is an isotope of 39Cl? |
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| 36Cl- |
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| There are __________ protons, __________ neutrons, and __________ electrons in 131I-. |
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| 53, 78, and 54 |
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| Which pair of elements is most apt to form a molecular compound with each other? |
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| sulfur, fluorine |
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| Which species below is the nitride ion? |
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| N3- |
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| Which species below is the sulfite ion? |
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| S O3-2 |
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| The charge on the copper ion in the salt CuO is __________. |
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| +2 |
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| Horizontal rows of the periodic table are known as __________. |
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| periods |
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| Elements in Group 7A are known as the __________. |
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| halogens |
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| When a metal and a nonmetal react, the __________ tends to lose electrons and the __________ tends to gain electrons. |
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| metal, nonmetal |
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| The charge on the manganese in the salt MnF3 is |
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| +3 |
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| Potassium forms an ion with a charge of __________. |
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| +1 |
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| Aluminum forms an ion with a charge of __________. |
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| +3 |
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| Fluorine forms an ion with a charge of __________. |
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| -1 |
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| The ions Ca2+and PO43- form a salt with the formula __________. |
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| Ca3 (PO4)2 |
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| How many electrons does the Al3+ ion possess? |
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| 10 |
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| How many protons does the Br- ion possess? |
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| 35 |
