question

1) Middle adulthood begins around age _______ and ends around age _______.

answer

40; 65

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2) During midlife, most adults begin to

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experience life-threatening health episodes—if not in themselves, then in their partners and friends.

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3) Jennifer had always enjoyed driving at night, but now, at age 55, she sometimes has trouble making out signs and moving objects. Her vision is also disrupted by the headlights of oncoming cars. Jennifer is experiencing

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the development of opaque areas in the vitreous.

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4) As adults age, the skin

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loses elasticity and begins to sag.

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5) Molly, age 25, wants to avoid premature aging of her skin. Which preventive measure will have the greatest impact?

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using proper skin protection or avoiding the sun

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6) Women's skin ages more quickly than men's because

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the dermis of women is not as thick as that of men.

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7) Thomas is approaching 50. He can anticipate an accumulation of fat in which areas of his body?

answer

back and upper abdomen

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8) Which of the following is true about loss of bone strength in middle adulthood?

answer

Loss of bone strength causes the disks of the spinal column to collapse.

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9) Mr. Chamberlain is 53. According to his doctor, Mr. Chamberlain's fertility has diminished but is retained. Mr. Chamberlain has reached the midlife reproductive transition called

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the climacteric.

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10) The changes involved in women's climacteric occur gradually over a 10-year period, during which

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the production of estrogen drops.

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11) Women who ____________ tend to reach menopause earlier.

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have not borne children

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12) Menopause may impact a woman's sex life because

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her genitals are less easily stimulated and her vagina lubricates more slowly during arousal.

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13) Tony, age 71, married Nichole, age 34. They are not using birth control because of Tony's advanced age. You can advise them that

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Tony produces less semen and sperm, which negatively affects fertility, but he can probably still father children.

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14) As Carlos experiences climacteric, he will

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need more stimulation to achieve an erection.

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15) Which of the following is true about sexuality in middle adulthood?

answer

The best predictor of sexual frequency is marital happiness.

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16) The leading causes of death in middle age are ____________ and _____________.

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cancer; cardiovascular disease

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17) A cell's normal genetic programming has been disrupted in Lois's body, causing uncontrolled growth and crowding out of normal cells. Lois has

answer

cancer

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18) Cancer death rates _________ sharply as __________ decreases.

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increase; SES

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19) Susan's mother died of breast cancer at age 28. Through genetic screening, Susan discovers she has a BRCA1 mutation. What are Susan's chances of developing breast cancer?

answer

35 to 50 percent

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20) The most extreme symptom of cardiovascular disease is

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A) a heart attack

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21) Because men account for over 70 percent of cases of cardiovascular disease in middle adulthood,

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doctors are far less likely to suspect heart problems in women.

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22) Current evidence pinpoints ___________ as a "toxic" ingredient of Type A behavior patterns, since isolating it from global Type A consistently predicts heart disease and other health problems in both men and women.

answer

hostility

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23) Osteoporosis affects about 10 million American adults, ______ percent of whom are women.

answer

80

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24) The best way for hostile and dominant people to reduce their risk of high blood pressure and heart disease is to

answer

develop effective ways of handling stress and conflict.

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25) Suzanne viewed life as fluid. She expected change and accepted it as inevitable. When Suzanne was faced with a problem, she identified it and decided what to do about it. Suzanne used a(n) ____________ coping strategy.

answer

problem-centered

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27) Teaching people to be _________ rather than hostile and to __________ rather than explode interrupts the intense physiological response that intervenes between psychological stress and illness.

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assertive; negotiate

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28) Wilbur leads a highly stressful life. Nonetheless, he wants to incorporate some exercise into his routine. The format that will probably work best for him is

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a group class, which offers a regular schedule.

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29) Which of the following people is most likely to cope adaptively with stress brought on by the inevitable changes of life?

answer

Patty, who views change as a challenge

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30) Which of the following is true about the double standard of gender and aging?

answer

Men tend to judge aging females more harshly than women do.

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31) Some evidence suggests that ___________ contributes to negative judgments of a woman's physical appearance, especially by men.

answer

the end of a woman's ability to bear children

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32) On intelligence tests, vocabulary, verbal comprehension, and logical reasoning items measure __________ intelligence.

answer

crystallized

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33) On intelligence tests, spatial relations, digit span, and letter-number sequencing items measure __________ intelligence.

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fluid

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34) Trends in both crystallized and fluid mental abilities reported from the Seattle Longitudinal Study indicate that middle aged adults

answer

are "in their prime," not "over the hill."

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35) Which of the following is true about changes in mental abilities?

answer

The decrease in basic processing may not be great enough to affect many well-practiced performances until quite late in life.

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Dr. Schlocter believes that as neurons in the brain die, breaks in the neural network occur. The brain adapts by forming bypasses—new synaptic connections that go around the breaks but are less efficient. Dr. Schlocter subscribes to the ___________ view.

answer

neural network

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37) Maria has trouble remembering where she parks her car in the large office parking lot. Therefore, she decides to park in the same area of the parking lot every day. She is using __________ knowledge.

answer

metacognitive

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38) _____________ requires people to size up real-world situations and analyze how best to achieve goals that have a high degree of uncertainty.

answer

Practical problem solving

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40) Which of the following employees with similar years of experience will probably perform more competently in the workplace?

answer

Bronson, a middle-aged adult

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41) Middle-aged adults tend to be rational decision makers because they

answer

use practical problem-solving strategies

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42) Complex work leads to gains in

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cognitive flexibility

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43) Which student is the most likely to be hesitant to talk in a college class?.

answer

Ginger, a 45-year-old returning female student

question

44) Mature-age women in college tend to __________ than mature-age men.

answer

experience more interruptions in their academic programs

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